Ndere Aquarium: mitundu ndi maudindo

Ambiri novice aquarists mwanjira ndikukhulupirira kuti zomera ufumu m'madzi kubweretsa yekha nkhawa zina ndi mavuto eni. Koma ndi chimo lalikulu, lomwe ife adzayesa kuthetsa nkhani imeneyi.

Tidzakhala timathandiza kuti algae otchuka pa Aquarium lapansi. Photo ndi dzina la zomera zokondweretsa zingakuthandizeni kusankha bwino pa dziwe wanu. Tsopano pali zambiri lonse zosiyanasiyana zomera ufumu m'madzi. Mwa iwo alipo amene chisamaliro kwenikweni mosavuta. Koma pali zomera zimene popanda kusamalidwa pamodzi ndi iwo.

Ndere kwa Aquarium - izo zangokhala zomera, ngakhale nthawi zina amatchedwa ufumu wa protists (Protista). algae buluu wobiriwira ndi ankafotokoza kuti mabakiteriya. Iwo akhoza kukhala kukula kwa zokhala ndi selo imodzi zamoyo tosaoneka kuti udzu 70 mita yaitali.

Ndi anthu ambiri wakale wa dziko lapansi zimene wopereka dzuwa zoposa zitatu ndi theka biliyoni zapitazo. Ndere akhoza kukula mu zonse matupi a madzi: mchere, mwatsopano, woyera, turbid, wothamanga kwambiri madzi kapena ataima madzi.

Ubwino zomera za m'madzi

Pakuti moyo wa zolengedwa m'madzi ndi algae zofunika mu Aquarium ndi. Species, chithunzi chimene ife azipereka pansipa, ntchito zingapo zofunika. Iwo kulenga wapadera Aquarium biosystem, kuyeretsa madzi zinthu zoipa, kutumikira monga zokongoletsa wakuthupi 'umayi kunyumba "kwa mwachangu, nsomba, nkhono, nkhanu, chakudya chapadera kwa zolengedwa ambiri m'madzi ndipo potsiriza chabe kukongoletsa nyumba: ndi iwo kwanu dziwe adzayang'ana zachilengedwe ndi aesthetically zokondweretsa .

Nthawi zambiri, anakumana ndi okonda nsomba kufunafuna chidwi kwachilengedwenso bwino mothandizidwa ndi zomera mu Aquarium ndi. Iwo ngakhale kuchotsa kufunika kusefera madzi ndi makina aeration. Komabe, kuchita zimenezi, muyenera kukhala bwino ndi algae kwa Aquarium lapansi. Photo ndi dzina la zomera zambiri kufalitsa mabuku apadera oyamba kuzipenya okonda dziko m'madzi.

kukula zomera

Ngati inu kulowamo ndi Aquarium, muyenera kulenga chilengedwe yabwino okhalamo ake. Chifukwa kuswana zomera ndi zofunika kusankha nthaka bwino, M'sitolo feteleza zofunika kuvala pamwamba ndi kuganizira kuunikira bwino. Tiyeni akukhala pa mfundo zimenezi.

pansi

Ndere mu Aquarium ndi - mitundu, omwe si maina onse bwino - ndi yosiyanasiyana. Iwo onse amafuna njira payekha kusankha nthaka: chimodzi ambabzala izo mwamtheradi si kofunika, ndi ena M'malo mwake, izo zimatengera iye kwambiri. Komabe, pali Tinganene: dothi zomera kukhala wosanjikiza masentimita mpaka zisanu, ndi avareji yake yambewu. makulidwe Izi adzalola zomera mizu.

mitengo anabzala kaye akanikizire timiyala, muvale nsomba mzere mizu. Aquarists zambiri amalakwitsa kutsatira mizu ya kulemera kutsogolera - osati kutero. Inde, mu nkhani iyi, zomera si tumphuka ndi nsomba sadzakhala angathe kuzikwatula izo. Koma musaiwale kuti atsogolere ndi oxidized, salola kukhala mizu ya zomera.

Top kuvala feteleza

Ndere Aquarium - iwo zamoyo, kotero iwo, monga nsomba, ndi njala. MwaukadauloZida aquarists sindikudziwa vutoli. Vuto sitolo Pet mugule conditioners mpweya, madzi kapena miyala kwa zomera. Mwachitsanzo, Tetra Crypto. Udzaphwanya miyala ndi kupanga dongosolo muzu pa mwezi. chida ichi timapitiriza ndi kuteteza mitengo anabzala.

lokonzekera zikuphatikizapo mbewu timadzi kuti timapitiriza kukula, zolimbikitsa chitukuko muzu, timapitiriza zomera kukaniza matenda chifukwa okhutira makroveschestv.

Tetra Crypto

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa Mavalidwe otchuka kwambiri kwa zomera Aquarium. Amathandiza chitukuko yachibadwa a dongosolo muzu. The zikuchokera miyala zikuphatikizapo micronutrients ndi chitsulo. Iwo mulibe ku feteleza, phosphates. mankhwala sayambitsa turbidity.

Piritsi ukugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, imalimbikitsa tizilombo zofunika kumathandiza kukula kwa algae zoipa.

kuyatsa

Ndere mu Aquarium ndi chithunzi inu mukuona pansipa, sangakhale popanda kuwala - popanda ndondomeko dzuwa ndi zosatheka. NKHANI kuyatsa payekha. Akudalira pa zimene muli kukula algae mu Aquarium ndi. zomera zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Ena mwa iwo ndi kuwala zofuna kwambiri ndi kufuna kuyatsa zolimbitsa.

Ndere mu Aquarium ndi: mitundu, maina ndi zithunzi

zomera zonse zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu osiyana:

• akuyandama padziko madzi;
• ananamizira pansi.

Nthawi zambiri Amateurs oyamba sindikudziwa dzina la Aquarium algae, koma zindikirani iwo kulikonse: mu miyala ndi mchenga, zomera ndi miyala, malinga ndi zida. Izi zimachitika chifukwa algae ndi gawo la thupi la bwino madzi, koma akapanda kukhala kwambiri.

Mu Aquarium moyenera ayenera chimaonekera bwino kutsukidwa, kusakaniza madzi ndi muyere galasi, ngakhale eni ambiri safuna kuyeretsa makoma onse: zenera kumbuyo iwo amasiya yokutidwa ndi fouling. Anati: algae pa makoma thanki kapena pa miyala kuyamwa feteleza komanso zinthu zambiri kuwonongeka, potero kuchepetsa kukula kwa algae kumbali ndi galasi kutsogolo. Komanso, mtundu wa chakudya nsomba pa khoma kumbuyo Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yonse ya unyolo zida mlamba.

Ena mitundu ya algae makamaka paliponse ndipo kupulumutsa Aquarium eni mavuto ambiri. Apa ndi ena mwa iwo.

Filamentous wobiriwira algae

Iwo ndi maonekedwe a chingwe yaitali wobiriwira ndi kukula kwa umatheka ndi masamba a zomera mmwamba. mtundu uwu ayenera kwambiri kuwala. "Ulusi" kangati algae awa otchedwa aquarists zikhoza kuchititsa ngozi, monga iwo yambiri zakudya zofunika ndi zomera yokongola. Muziona chitukuko ndi kukula kotheka, kuchotsa iwo pamanja kapena ntchito nsomba kudya algae ndi zosangalatsa.

fibrous

Iwo ali cobweb zabwino, zimene zikugwirizana ndi kudzala masamba. Iwo akhoza kufika masentimita awiri m'litali. algae fibrous zambiri kukhala madzi ndi okhutira kwambiri nitrate ndipo angachititse imfa ya zomera. Thandizeni kuthana nawo-ndere Nsomba (Siamese ndere) komanso nkhono kuti kudya zomera. Wokhazikika komanso pafupipafupi m'malo a madzi kuthetsa Aquarium anu kuchokera algae izi.

akuyandama

mitundu kwa woyamba zingaoneke madzi yosavuta wobiriwira. Koma tichipeza Volvox algae. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa cha mtundu uwu umakhala kwambiri kudyetsa anthu Aquarium. Chotsani iwo mungagwiritse ntchito sefa, UV-kuwala, kusintha kwambiri madzi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera.

mawanga obiriwira

Sitingathe kunena izi monga kupereka algae zoipa Aquarium lapansi. Mafomu, zithunzi ndi mayina a zomera angapezeke mu mabuku pa Aquarium. Green mawanga - yaing'ono mdima wobiriwira algae, kupanga kapena yamawangamawanga ka mawonekedwe anamaliza pa galasi ndi masamba a zomera.

fomu iyi akufotokozera mu madzi munali ndalama osakwanira zakudya, komanso magawo ake osakhazikika. Normalization chilengedwe mkati mwa posungira, komanso nkhono ndi nsomba, amene amakonda azichitira algae, kungakuthandizeni kuchotsa zosiyanasiyana izi.

Bouquets (matabwa)

Dzina la mtundu uwu kwathunthu mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a zomera. Kwenikweni mitolo ya masentimita atatu. Izi ndi algae sizachilendo mu m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera, kumene kuwala kwambiri, ndipo pali zakudya owonjezera. Matabwa achotsedwa ndi dzanja kapena kudyetsedwa kwa nsomba.

Buluu wobiriwira algae

mtundu ndipamene wosanjikiza mwachilungamo wandiweyani kuphimba nthaka ndi zomera. Buluu wobiriwira algae mu Aquarium kukhala chifukwa kuunikira kwambiri. Kumathandiza maonekedwe awo ndi mpweya wambiri wa phosphates ndi ku feteleza. Aquarium buluu algae akhoza kumasula zinthu zoipa nsomba. Ndere zambiri ngakhale kukana kudya chifukwa cha kukoma zoipa. M'mbuyo kukula akhoza ampulyarii, koma mwachiyembekezo ali sikuthandiza. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chachikulu.

M'pofunika kwathunthu kuletsa kuwala ndi mdima thanki kwa sabata kaphatikizidwe izo ndi kusintha chachikulu madzi.

Black algae: mawanga

Ndipo tsopano ndikuwuzani inu zoyenera kuchita ngati mwapeza wakuda algae mu Aquarium, ndi mmene kuthana nawo. Mtundu ndipamene mawanga yaing'ono wakuda zomera. Mwatsoka, palibe ena chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo, koma kuunika owonjezera ndi ku feteleza zingachititse kufala zina za Madontho.

Kuthana ndi mtundu uwu zosavuta, akatswiri amalangiza njira kwakukulu kuthana nazo - kuchotsedwa kwathunthu masamba matenda.

Chernaya Boroda

algae awa akusonyeza kuti Aquarium ali kwambiri adakula kuchuluka kwa zinyalala kuti kutumikira ndevu chakudya. algae izi nthawi zambiri ili pa zomera ndi pa makoma a Aquarium lapansi. Ndi wandiweyani, onyansa kuyang'ana pamphasa wakuda. Kodi kuthana nacho?

Sitepe yoyamba ndi kuchepetsa mlingo wa organic. Pambuyo kuchapa nthaka, madzi ndi M'MALO ake imathandiza wakuda ndevu kukula kubweza pansi. Komanso, mtundu zikukhazikitsa mu malo ndi mafunde amphamvu: padziko ya Zosefera pa handsets awo. Pa ndevu amapereka chakudya chochuluka, zatsalira organic waikamo pamwamba pake. Choncho Mpofunika kuchepetsa aeration m'galimoto. Kupatulapo kuyeretsa ayenera anabzala mofulumira kukula mitundu kuchepetsa zakudya madzi: nayas, Elodie.

Diatomite (kelp)

Ndipo algae izi mosiyana ndi kale anapereka kuwonekera m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera zoipa anayatsa, ndi okhutira mkulu wa feteleza komanso phosphates imene pH pamwamba 7. Brown algae kubala zosasangalatsa wosanjikiza bulauni pa mwala, galasi, ambabzala kuti nkhono kuchotsedwa ndi nsomba. Diatoms kufa pambuyo madzi adzasintha chikhalidwe ndi kuonjezera mphamvu ya zowunikira.

wokongola algae

Ife anayambitsa wamba koma osafunika algae mu Aquarium ndi. Pali ponse angakuperekeni m'mavuto kwa eni. Species mayina ndi zithunzi za mbewu, ife tikuyembekeza, kungakuthandizeni m'njira yake kuyamba nkhondo ndi iwo. Ndipo tsopano ife tikufuna kuti inu chomera odzionetsera kwambiri, zomwe, mosakayikira, adzakhala azikongoletsa Aquarium wanu.

vallisneria chimphona

Ndi mitundu yaikulu ya mtundu Vallisneria. Ndi abwino kwa m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera lalikulu akuya osachepera makumi asanu masentimita. Ndi bwino zomera khoma lakumbuyo. Masamba ndi mdima wobiriwira zimalimbikitsa mtundu. chakudya nthaka ndi kuwala chofunika kwa chochitika yogwira. Kotero mbewu si kwathunthu kuphimba pamwamba pa madzi, ndi nthawi zofunika kuchokera woonda. Omasuka kutentha - +25 ° C.

Kambuku Vallisneria spiralis

mitundu ndi njoka yam'madzi kuswana. Iwo kukula ndi osauka kudya kwambiri, wowala wobiriwira masamba, zimalimbikitsa mtundu. Zomera ndi Hardy ndi undemanding mu chisamaliro. Pa masamba pali n'kupanga tofanana kambuku chitsanzo. Zimafalitsidwa mtundu uwu vegetatively ndi kugawa mphukira otchedwa mivi. algae awa akhoza muli pa kutentha kwa +25 ° C, ndi acidity wa pH 6,0.

Riccia

mtundu wa akuyandama algae Aquarium, amene akuchuluka mu madzi ofunda. M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe akupezeka m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse. Bright wobiriwira fishnet yokhotakhota kulenga chivundikiro wokongola, amatikumbutsa zilumba. algae izi palibe zimayambira kapena masamba kapena dongosolo mizu.

Ricci - izo Thallus a lathyathyathya mbale yaing'ono, zapiringizana. Ricci kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati spawning gawo lapansi kwa kuswana nsomba, komanso ndi oyenera kuphimba mwachangu. Ndi kuchuluka kuuma madzi algae akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono. Analimbikitsa kutentha - + 22 ° C.

Ceratophyllum kumizidwa

zaka zambiri algae akuyandama pamwamba pa madzi, chifukwa zidalibe mizu. Ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madzi adatchithisira kwa akuya thanki ndi liwiro kukula. Zimayambira zomera yaitali, singano ngati masamba ndi ochepa kwambiri. mtundu uwu ndi abwino kwa m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera chifukwa langwiro pobisalira chifukwa mwachangu. Masamba a ndere izi mwachangu sadzapeza chinsomba, pa Timitengo ndi tizilombo kuti idzakhala chakudya cha mwachangu.

Hornworts angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati spawning gawo lapansi. Ndi nsomba kuikira mazira, amene mwamphamvu glued kuti masamba singano ngati. Hornwort bwino kumizidwa mu ozizira kapena amtengo ofunda thanki ndi madzi yachibadwa kuuma ndi ndale anachita pH. mtundu uwu uyenera kukhala kuunikira bwino, kotero chovomerezeka kuwala tsiku kwa maola oposa khumi ndi tsiku.

kladofora globular

ndere uyu wa kladoforovyh banja. Chomera yokongola kwa m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera madzi oyera. matabwa ake ndi filamentous wobiriwira algal njuchi, kotheratu ndi kupanga mpira zolimba. Dziko la mbewu - Japan. M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, ilo limakula masentimita teni, osaposa asanu masentimita m'litali mu Aquarium ndi.

Mu Aquarium ndi mipira anayikidwa pansi, ndipo iwo amagwira kwa gawo lapansi ndi. M'mawa kladofora akumasula oxygen. Mkati koyilo pali mpweya thovu, kumakhaladi kuwala, pafupifupi ndiwachabe ndipo amayandama pamwamba. madzulo mpweya umakhala ang'onoang'ono kwambiri ndi mpira akutsikira ku pansi.

Marimo akhoza muli madzi okha ozizira pa kutentha osati choposa +20 ° C. Pa apamwamba kutentha ndondomeko tuber olumala mkanda limaphwasuka kusandulika mu zidutswa ang'onoang'ono. Kuyatsa kwa mtundu uwu mwina zolimbitsa maola masana - maola osachepera khumi.