Ndi amgwirizano chosokonekera flatworms zimene: mbali structural ndi makhalidwe ambiri

Flatworms pachikhalidwe ankamuona ngati mphutsi oopsa, amene kuvulaza chogwirika nyama zambiri ndi anthu. Komabe, zinthu izi ndi zinthu zambiri zotsogola dongosolo, mu kufanizitsa mayunitsi yapita mwadongosolo, ndipo zimakhala kagawo kakang'ono mu dongosolo organic dziko. Kuyambira Nkhani limeneli muphunzira zimene amgwirizano chosokonekera flatworms chifukwa ena mwa iwo mulibe dongosolo m'mimba ndi chifukwa iwo ali ndi kugwirizana zofunika unyolo chakudya.

flatworms Avilable

Mbali khalidwe la flatworms ndi mawonekedwe thupi lawo. Ilo liri ndi mtundu wa pepala kapena kansalu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, nyama zimenezi mulibe M'mimbamo, ndiponso mipata pakati pa matupi ndizodzazidwa ndi mtundu wapadera minofu connective - parenchyma. Mawu akuti "amgwirizano chosokonekera" flatworms akukumana kwa nthawi yoyamba, monga kwa coelenterates ena yodziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake - cheza.

Progressive alinso mbali ya kukhalapo kwa kachitidwe limba anapanga. Mwachitsanzo, minofu ndi mafupa imakhala ya epithelium pamwamba ndi amabweretsera wosanjikiza minofu. Dongosolo m'mimba ndi chatsekedwa. dongosolo Excretory ankaimira tubules imatulutsidwa kunja pores. Chifukwa cha mantha dongosolo flatworms ndi mphamvu: kupenya, kukhudza, malire ndi maganizo a mankhwala a. Ambiri mwa nyama zimenezi hermaphrodites. Izi zikutanthauza kuti matupi awo anapanga onse maselo mwamuna ndi mkazi nyongolosi. Koma flatworms kupuma alibe. Iwo amagwira mpweya kuwombola mu pamwamba thupi. Mkati mtundu magulu akutali: ciliary, tapeworms ndi flukes.

ndi amgwirizano chosokonekera flatworms Kodi

Mu zamoyo wa Mbali imeneyi kwa nthawi yoyamba zikuoneka nyongolotsi wa mtundu uwu. Ndipo zambiri amatanthauza mfundo chosokonekera? Izi dongosolo la magawo munthu wa thupi wachibale olamulira kapena malo. Nyama woyamba multicellular, monga thonje, mulibe chosokonekera. Anatsegula pa gawo lapansi, iwo akhoza kupanga mawonekedwe aliwonse.

Kumbukirani chimene chimaoneka modabwitsa a. Pakati pa thupi lake, mukhoza mfundo kungoganiza limene mbali zonse kugwira mzere. Ichi ndi cheza, kapena zozungulira chosokonekera. Ndi khalidwe la nyama zimene zimakhala kwambiri m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja.

ndi amgwirizano chosokonekera flatworms chiyani? Taonani pa chithunzi. Pamodzi gulu lonse la mphutsi, mungathe kujambula mzera omwe ankaoneka muchigawane m'magulu awiri ofanana. Izi ndi awiri amaganiza kapena amgwirizano chosokonekera.

NKHANI amgwirizano chosokonekera

Chifukwa maonekedwe a mtundu watsopano chosokonekera chiyani? Choyamba - ndi moyo kusintha kwa zinthu ndi kuvuta dongosolo lawo. Amgwirizano chosokonekera ndi khalidwe la nyama ikuyenda mbali mu mlengalenga. Zimenezi zimawathandiza kuti muziyendayenda mzere ndi kutembenukira. Mu zamoyo ngati bwino chionekera thupi kutsogolo apadera dipatimenti. Iwo anakonza akhomere zolandilira ndi adani nyama. Flatworms athandiza machitidwe limba. Ichi ndi mbali ina pang'onopang'ono kwa kapangidwe awo. Flatworms ziwalo, komanso nyama zina ndi amgwirizano chosokonekera, zili mbali ya mzera kungoganiza.

turbellarians

nyongolotsi onse mu kalasi ndi ufulu-zamoyo, amene miyeso musalumphe 6 cm. dzina ciliated Wake mphutsi unkayenera ciliary epithelium kuphimba matupi awo. Iwo amakhala mu madzi, madzi amchere, pansi nkhalango. chosokonekera flatworms Kodi amgwirizano, izo bwino anamuona chitsanzo chawo, monga mawonekedwe thupi lawo lili pepala mokwanira lonse mu flattened dorsoventrally. Turbellarians - adani. Zimatuluka lonse woberedwa, atagwira ake. Komanso, kuchokera mkamwa kuoneka Zikuluzikulu yaing'ono. Ndi kuti, mbozi imayamwa nkhani za wovulalayo. Tizilombo timeneti kudya nyama zing'onozing'ono: nkhanu, hydro, tizilombo mphutsi. Oimira m'gulu limeneli ndi mkaka ndi madzi oyera planarians.

flukes

Koma flukes sizachilendo majeremusi. Iwo mitundu ambiri - ndi mphaka chiwindi. Dzina limeneli iwo ali pamaso pa khamu komaliza. thupi lawo kungakhale kwa 8 cm. Ndi suckers m'mimba ndi m'kamwa amagwira kwa ziwalo za asilikali ndiponso kudyetsa kuti zimakhala ndi. chitukuko mkombero kumafuna mndandanda wa magawo imene iwo kusintha makamu angapo. Choncho, ndi mphaka fluke akufotokozera mu thupi la mamazelo madzi oyera ndi nsomba. Pokhapokha mitundu imeneyi mbozi wa anthu okhwima mwauzimu, amene parasitizes mu chiwindi agalu, amphaka kapena mimbulu.

tapeworms

Oimira ambiri chachikulu cha mtundu wa nyama tapeworms. thupi lawo wapangidwa ndi mutu waung'ono, amene ali ziwalo za ubwenzi, khosi ndi mafupa. Yotsirizira angafikire mayunitsi zikwi zingapo kapena makumi a mamita. Bovine ndi nkhumba njoka zam'mimba za matepi, njoka zam'mimba za matepi lonse, echinococcus parasitic mu lumen za m'mimba ka nyama zambiri ndi anthu. Choncho, tapeworms alibe dongosolo m'mimba. Iwo akuyamwitsa kale m'mimba organic.

Choncho nthumwi za mtundu mosabisa ndi angapo zina zozama dongosolo la. Zikuphatikizapo zikamera wa amgwirizano thupi chosokonekera, amene amagwirizana ndi mapangidwe kachitidwe limba.