Niko Pirosmani - wojambula-primitivist. Wambiri, zojambula, chidwi zokhudza moyo

Niko Pirosmani - wojambula amene ali pafupifupi konse zalembedwa, ngati iye sanali munthu zonse. Koma iye anali. Anali analenga zomveka kuboola chithunzi awo ndi zazing'ono ngati iye ankakhala.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Ngakhale sikutheka kukhazikitsa zojambulajambula Chijojiya Pirosmani anabadwa m'chaka zomwe. Otsutsa amati izi zinachitika mu 1862. Nico Piromanoshvili ankakhala m'mphawi kubanja losauka m'mudzi Mirzaani. Iye anali mwana wamng'ono ndipo anathandiza bambo ake kulima. Komabe, ntchito pa nthaka sanali kulanda izo. Mphindi iliyonse ufulu iye zoyenera kupenta. Re-analengedwa pa pepala lakale bulauni ntchito pensulo stub zonse anamuzungulira: mphesa, mtsuko losweka atazikocheza galu ...

Ndili ndi zaka eyiti, mnyamata wotaya bambo ake, ndipo posakhalitsa mayi ndiponso mchimwene. Kuyambira pamenepo iye yapindula moyo wake yekha. Iye akuyenda kudutsa m'midzi yapafupi ndi underworking yaing'ono linasokonekera. Mwachibadwa, mu zinthu zovuta za maphunziro, makamaka luso ndi mawu sakanakhoza kukhala. Komabe, Nico ndisanaphunzire kuwerenga mu zinenero Russian ndi Chijojiya.

Njira luso

Kuyambira ubwana wake wojambula tsogolo Niko Pirosmani anatenga maphunziro kupenta kwa amisiri woyendayenda. Iwo ali nazo izo anatola luso kujambula zizindikiro masitolo ndi malo odyera. Mu Mipingo ya Nico anayesa kutsegula situdiyo luso kupenta ndi mnzake, komanso wojambula. Komabe, mfundo imeneyi analephera momvetsa chisoni: panali pafupifupi palibe malamulo ndipo anali kutseka shopu.

KUCHULUKA likulu pang'ono, ntchito ngati wochititsa pa msewu wa njanji, Pirosmani invests malonda mkaka. Komabe, Nico anali munthu kulenga, malonda anali mlendo kwa iye. Koma adalandira ndalama yaing'ono kuchokera shopu mkaka, pa izo ndi inatha zoyesayesa wake entrepreneurial.

Chiyambi cha XX atumwi anali ndi lothandiza pa ntchito za Pirosmani. chithunzicho wakhala kuthera yekha kuti luso. Iye akubwerera yopanga signage, komanso chidwi ndi chilengedwe mapanelo kukongoletsa. Nthawi imeneyi ambiri Niko atamukoka pa oilcloth mothandizidwa ndi utoto kudzikonda anapanga. Makamaka bwino zinatheka zakuda. Pirosmani anawonjezera kuti phulusa ng'anjo mwaye, kulowetsedwa wa thundu makungwa, ndi angapo madontho a mafuta. Mafuta nsalu anali kukhala loyera kapena lakuda. Ndipo pamene kunali koyenera kusonyeza mitundu awa, iye anangonena anasiya malo unfilled. Choncho chithunzicho zachitika wina njira zawo wapadera. Chidwi, iye amayang'ana pa zithunzi, kupereka filimu ndi mozama kwambiri komanso amamva chisoni.

The kupambana loyamba

Khumi lachiwiri la XX m'zaka Nico kulabadira mabwalo akatswiri. Chithunzicho-futurist Cyril Zdanevich amapeza ambiri Pirosmani zojambula, ena mwa iwo zinalembedwa mu dongosolo. m'bale Cyril ndi Ilya, inalemba nkhani ya Nico "Mmisiri-nugget" mu nyuzipepala ya kumaloko. Ndipo mu March 1913 kupenta kudziona anaphunzitsa ankazionetsa pa chionetsero mu Moscow. Inde, sanali payekha chionetsero, komabe mukufuna kupambana kwakukulu kwa m'mphawi osauka ku mudzi Chijojiya.

Mu 1916 anayamba kukwanitsa kugwira chionetsero ndi, kupereka ntchito yekha Pirosmani. Nugget analandira kudziwika. Anaitanidwa ku Society aluso Chijojiya, ntchito zake anayamba kugula zopereka payekha. Komabe, ngakhale izi, zojambulajambula Pirosmani, dzina lake anakhala n'chimodzimodzi ndi zilandiridwenso lodalirika, anafa momvetsa chisoni ndi umphawi.

Kenako zaluso

Primitivism - kupenta kalembedwe, khalidwe la zojambulajambula Pirosmani - ndi mawu akuti luso zithunzi ana. Zilizonse mu kuphedwa ake ndi woonamtima chigawo chimodzi maganizo, zithunzi izi Musatenge chilichonse wodzitukumula, superfluous, zikundiyendera. Only losavuta kumvetsa Mawu a moyo, chirichonse chimene icho chingakhale. Nico anasolola msanga. Ndingathe kulenga chithunzi cha masiku ochepa. Sanasangalale chilichonse kukonza kapena kusintha mu mankhwala - m'mene zinachitikira, kotero izo zinali.

Zolinga zikuluzikulu za ntchito za Niko Pirosmani auchinyama. Animal wojambula amasonyezedwa ndi kuyang'ana maso anthu, olimbikitsa, amene zikuoneka kuti pafupifupi kukhala tili m'mavuto misozi. Axamwali Nico ankanena kuti ndi chosonyeza nyama, Pirosmani kwenikweni zambiri amakoka lokha, osati giraffe kapena nkhosa. Chifukwa chakuti iwo anaphedwa mu luso pachiyambi, nyama anayang'ana pangozi osungulumwa.

Ndi mmodzi wa mitu ankakonda anali chithunzi cha maphwando ndi maphwando. matebulo wolemera kulira ndi chakudya, utuluke vinyo monga madzi, anthu kusangalala ndi kuyiwala za mavuto a moyo. Zonsezi kusiyana yaikulu ndi zenizeni m'moyo wa ziboliboli - ndi osauka, amasiye. Pirosmani utoto zithunzi, koma zambiri osati kwa chilengedwe, koma redraw fano kwa chithunzi.

Unakhalabe si kwambiri ntchito manja anaphunzitsa wojambula. Kwenikweni, tikhoza kuzindikira mozama za Pirosmani iye signboards kwa masitolo ndi alendo.

Zojambulazo wotchuka

Niko Pirosmani - wojambula amene zojambula amenewo akukantha mu ozama awo. "Ammayi Margarita" - nchito ina anasonyeza pa Louvre. Akuti chionetserocho anafika ngakhale French, za pa lona, ndipo ankawonekera pa chithunzi, maso ake. wojambula anatsindika Ammayi miyendo kaso, woonda m'chiuno wa mtsikanayo. Ndi chikondi kwambiri anasonyeza Margaret, umene yomweyo analowa pa sitepe wosimidwa.

Ntchito "Wopanda miliyoneya ndi ana osauka" monga ziwonetsero zomwe chuma chenicheni. stumps wouma mitengo chapansipansi amasonyeza meaninglessness wa moyo, amene sakhoza perpetuated mu obadwa.

Pa cithunzithunzi "mphesa", mukhoza kuona chitukuko luso la Pirosmani. Iye anagwiritsa ntchito ziyembekezo chithunzi phwando - mpesa anatambasula mu mtunda, kugogomeza chonde, wolemera mu dziko Chijojiya. chithunzicho komanso utoto yopuma kuwala kupyolera mu masamba - Pofuna kusewera kuunika ndi mthunzi.

Kodi anali wotani?

Zojambulajambula Pirosmani, dzina panopa umatchedwa padziko lonse, zinali chinsinsi kuti m'nthawi yake, ndi kukhala ndi sanathetsedwe chinsinsi kwa ife. Kumapeto kwa mafani 1910 la wojambula anayamba kuyenda kumudzi deta za iye kuti, ngati si nkhani yonena, koma osachepera ndi pafupifupi chithunzi cha Nico. Kuyambira ndemanga osauka amene timadziwa kuti Pirosmani anali khalidwe zachiwawa ndi khalidwe osakhazikika. Rectilinear, maganizo, wosimidwa. Anansi ananena kuti ziboliboli Lachisanu asanu pasabata kuti si a dziko lino. miseche ameneyu akugwirizana ndi nkhani za Nico akaona oyera, ndi burashi wake, "iye analemba."

opiringizidwa njira

Amadziwika kuti chithunzicho analankhula ndi mlongo wake, koma makalata awa sanapulumuke. Anatentha mtsikana yekha, zikuoneka mantha chifukwa chakuti m'midzi yapafupi ya anthu achilendo kunadetsa anayamba kufunsa za mbale wake.

Iwo amanena kuti Nico anali kope chimene konse adagawana, ndipo nthawi kupanga wokhutira. Koma pa moyo wa mmisiri, zolemba izi anasowa kwinakwake. Izo zinali kokha asanamwalire Pirosmani anakumana ndi anthu ophunzira komanso mtengo wa moyo ndi Nico analemba zochitika za msonkhano naye, ndi zidindo munthu.

Zosangalatsa za Niko Pirosmani

• Mu 1969, Louvre unachitikira chionetsero patokha Niko Pirosmani.
• Wosasangalala chikondi nkhani ya wojambula osauka nyimbo "maluwa Miliyoni chofiira" anatengedwa ku moyo wa Niko Pirosmani. wojambula zinathera ndalama zonse kupereka anafika ku Tiflis French Ammayi Marguerite de A Sevres.
• Penti "Arsenalski phiri usiku" anagulitsidwa kwa $ 1.2 miliyoni pa yobetcherana Christie. ntchito zinakambidwa mu chigawo "Russian Art", chimene chinapangitsa kusakhutira wa dera Chijojiya.
• Zojambulajambula Pirosmani, amene yonena ladzala ndi mphindi zoopsa, anauziridwa ndi ntchito aluso ambiri. Za iye anamuwombera mafilimu atatu (mmodzi wa iwo lalifupi). Nico odzipereka ndakatulo Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Voznesensky, Jaroslav Smelyakov.