Noravank obisika, Armenia: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Mu malo odabwitsa Armenia, Noravank obisika, ayenera pitani aliyense wokhala m'dzikolo. Apa, chirichonse amapuma mbiri, kudzakhala chidwi kwa alendo ndi wogonera.

Kuyambira cha m'ma 13 pa malo pali zinthu zambiri zomwe m'gulu la Nkhani wauzimu ndiponso chikhalidwe cha anthu Chiameniya, ndi kale kuoneka zovuta kale munali kukhala anthu ndipo panali mipingo yachikhristu.

Noravank gorge

Noravank obisika ku Armenia pakati maphompho surreal, ndi zomangamanga si zochepa wokongola kuposa malo ozungulira. Alendo malo awa ndi chidwi kudziwa agulupa wakale, mbiri yake, ndi chikhalidwe kwambiri.

Gorge popangidwa ndi mpweya chiphala. Izi ndi Nook namwali. Pali zambiri m'mapanga, kwafalikira. Apa, nyama ndi zomera wapadera. Mu gorge pali chosowa maluwa chilombo, mitundu ya mbalame chisa ndi moyo anyalugwe Caucasus, mleme ankawalamulira. Natural Malo otetezedwa ndi boma.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nsapato wamkulu chinapezeka mwa miyala iyi waliteteza kwathunthu monga asayansi, zaka zoposa 5,000 zapitazo, amatero. Kuyambira kale, ku Armenia atulutsa nsapato zolimba, iwo amatsatira mwambo uwu lero.

Komabe izi mapiri otchuka ndi okwera thanthwe, amene panopa kulanda makoma choimirira.

A ulendo chidwi kwambiri Noravank

Pali njira zambiri momwe ndingayendere kupita Noravank obisika ku Armenia, limene lili pafupi ndi tauni ya Yeghegnadzor. Limatchedwanso Amaghu Noravank.

Alendo kuno basi ulendo, ndipo nthawi kupita ku Yerevan pa galimoto yanu satenga maola oposa theka. Mbali ya msewu, pafupi 8 Km, umadutsa gorge, pamodzi mtsinje. Apa kugwira mtima mantha ndi amakondwera inu padutse ovuta phompho ofiira ndi motsatana phompho. M'njiramo Nthawi zambiri malo chodabwitsa mukufuna kusiya ndi kutuluka kusangalala ndi zokongola.

Agulupa imapereka chete m'mlengalenga ouziridwa. Pafupi cafe "Munda wa Edeni" ndi 5 mphindi kuyendetsa pa mseu.

Mbiri ya zikamera wa zovuta za

Mbiri yake Noravank obisika ku Armenia, ili 120 kukafika ku Yerevan, afunika Bishop Hovhannes, amene anasankha malo umakhala wokongola kwa oyang'anira mu 1205.

Poyamba, pali wakhalapo mpingo wakale umene panthawi imeneyo mabwinja. Dzina cha zovuta ndi anawamasulira - "New ansembe yotchedwa".

Aliyense kuyendera amamvera mphamvu yapadera ndi chisomo cha malo awa, amene kwa zaka zambiri akhala mapemphero kwa Mulungu.

Yotsatira zaka ziwiri kuyambira nthawi m'munsi anali chitukuko ndi kutukuka. Orbelian mafumu amene analamulira pa nthawi, anakhazikitsa apa nyumba yake, ena obisika anapanga malo ofunika a moyo ndi chikhalidwe, anamanga ngati crypt pano. Agulupa anali lapamtima University Gladzor ndi malo ena maphunziro a nthawi imeneyo.

Noravank udindo mu mbiri ya Armenia

Chiameniya Church kale anachita ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa zachikhalidwe ndi ndale dziko, mu moyo wauzimu wa anthu. Iye anali amafotokoza, mu mipingo anamasulira komanso kukopera mipukutu yambiri. Ancient Noravank obisika ku Armenia, monga ena ambiri, ndi chipilala wapadera wa zomangamanga zakale ndi pangano ku moyo wa chikhristu wa anthu Chiameniya pa ukalamba.

Noravank anali weniweni chikhalidwe likulu la Armenia, malo Ake osankhidwa n'kumakagwira ntchito yabwino Chiameniya mafanizo Zapakati, amene kenako m'manda pano. Pakati pawo - wandale wotchuka ndi maphunziro achipembedzo Stepanos Orbelyan, amadziwika kuti ndi mabuku ake, wamanga Momik obisika.

obisika Building

Armenia m'zaka za m'ma 13, anaukiridwa ndi asilikaliwa. Kamodzi obisika unamangidwanso, izo kwathunthu ransacked. Ndipo okha zikomo chakuti mkulu Elikum Orbelian anazindikira kuti ndi osayanjanitsika ndi Aga Khan, nthawi mwamtendere mpaka lotsatira kuukira Timurid.

Zivomezi ndi nkhondo mobwerezabwereza anawononga mipingo ndi nyumba kamangidwe ka zovuta, limene kwa zaka wakhala anachira.

Nyumba ndi zovuta mpingo wa Noravank

Pali mpingo waung'ono wa Surb Karapet (St Yohane Mbatizi), amene choyamba inamangidwa obisika a. Linamangidwa mu makumi za m'ma chakhumi ndi chitatu ndi Prince Orbelian Lipari. mzikiti ake anawonongedwa kangapo ndi zivomezi, nthawi yaitali naima bwinja. Ndi wotchuka kwa fano zachilendo Mulungu Atate. mpingo wabwezeretsedwa ku ofuna kupereka ndalama. Kenako mpingo Ufumuyo yopemphereramo Surb Grigor (St. Gregory).

Mu ulamuliro wa Prince Burtela mu Noravank obisika ku Armenia mu 1339 inamangidwa mpingo-manda mtundu Orbelian Astvatsatsin (Mpingo wa Mariya Namwali Wodalitsidwa).

Iwo ali apansi awiri, ndipo ngati kukwera masitepe yopapatiza popanda zamwano capamwamba kuti mavuto satero aliyense, ndiye chingandithandize tchalitchi ndi belu ndi. Pamwamba pa khomo ndi wokongola chosemacho zosonyeza Namwali Wodalitsidwa ndi Mwana akerubi, ndi zipata za pansi chachiwiri - ndi Yesu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti zomangamanga njira zake: m'tchalitchi mu mawonekedwe a chulucho ndi imayendetsedwa ndi mizati 12.

khachkars

Noravank Chiameniya khachkars okongola mwapadera, ena mwa iwo analaswa Momik ndi ophunzira ake. ntchito zake zinali kufooketsedwa ndi miyambo Gothic ndi Middle East. Iwo anadzipereka kwa Kuuka kwa Khristu, Amayi a Mulungu, ofera woyera.

Khachkars ku Armenia n'chofunikira wapadera. Izi ndi ikonografika achilendo mu mwala: iwo anapanga ndi chifanizo cha St. George kupereka mtima kwa asilikali, ndi Virgin Mary ndi khanda Khristu dalitsani nyumba ndi ana. Komanso, iwo alinso anakhazikitsidwa monga zipilala.

mawu akuti "mtanda miyala" kumatanthauza anawamasulira kuti "mtanda" ndiponso "thanthwe". Iwo chosema mitanda, mafano wopatulika, ndi padziko lonse chokongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsa ndi dongosolo kuti asandutse mwala mu zingwe. carvers aluso lemekezani dziko lawo, khachkars ambiri zipilala tanthauzo lonse.

Noravank ndi Momik

zopereka zawo kwambiri pa mbiri ndi chitukuko cha obisika anapanga ndi wojambula kwambiri ndipo wamanga Momik, lolembedwa dzina lake, lomwe limatanthauza "kandulo" m'mbiri ya ntchito Armenia lalikulu la chisunzo.

Iye anabadwa mu Vayots Dzormskoy m'deralo. Bishop Stepanos Orbelyan anaona Momik talente ndipo anamupempha kuchita nawo ntchito pa ntchito yomanga ndi kamangidwe ka obisika zovuta. Mu 2010, boma la Armenia anaganiza kukhazikitsa Museum mu Noravank Momik kuti chikumbutso ake 750th.

Monga wophunzira wa Chimonko Ovasapa, Momik Anali kudziŵa lalikulu la chipembedzo, Iye ankadziwa Chigiriki.

Chifukwa, Armenia Momik ntchito pa Noravank anali ofotokozedwa chosema khachkars, anatsalira-ziboliboli, ziboliboli pa khonde.

Iye anali katswiri wa zomangamanga ndi zojambulajambula wa mpingo wa St. Astvatsatsin. Ambiri mwa ntchito zake zimasungidwa mu Matenadaran ku Yerevan.

Pokumbukira Noravank Momik analemekeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa khachkars, koma mafani ake akhale m'mitima mwawo - kwambiri kukongola analenga moyo wake, ntchito pa chilengedwe cha agulupa zovuta pa Noravank.

Iwo kalekale zinaleka moyo kamodzi mafunde mu Noravank. Chete ndi mbalame zikuimba mawu linaphwanya alendo, amwendamnjira ndi lokonza. Koma wapadera ndi kukongola, ntchito zake, ndi chikondi padera mu izo ndiAmene, kupeza Echo mu mitima ya m'nthawi yake. Iwo ndi chidwi chachikulu ndipitirize kuyendera ndi chidwi kwambiri Noravank obisika ku Armenia.