Ntoskrnl.exe - ndichiyani? nkhani ya chigawo cha

Windows machitidwe zikugwira ntchito kumlingo ndi muyezo lonse. Komabe, chokhudza dziko lathu, chochitika ichi chimaoneka bwino. Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma ambiri owerenga zoweta mawu akuti "opaleshoni dongosolo" sayambitsa mayanjano ina kusiya yatsoka patsogolo pa diso la muyezo "mawindo."

Yemweyo amayamba chifukwa chakuti ambiri mwa mavuto ndi ogwiritsa wathu, munjira ina chikugwirizana chimodzimodzi ndi makhalidwe ena a "mazenera". Mwatsoka, anthu ochepa zosachepera lingaliro wa opaleshoni dongosolo limene kugwira ntchito tsiku lililonse. Koma zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti maonekedwe a mavuto ambiri anali wosyasyalika. Kodi mukudziwa Mwachitsanzo, kodi ntoskrnl.exe? Koma ichi ndicho chimodzi mwa zigawo chachikulu Windows, popanda kudziwa zina mwa zinthu zimene mungathe mavuto aakulu kwambiri.

tanthauzo

Mwachidule, pa dzina ili wodzichepetsa amabisa kanthu kalikonse, koma pachimake pa machitidwe NT. Ndithudi, izi si ngale lonse, koma ndithu mbali yaikulu ya izo. chingwe lakonzedwa kuti tiyambe mwa mumalowedwe otetezedwa. Kumene, ndendende chifukwa cha ichi mwachilungamo mipherezero muyezo kuukira pulogalamu yaumbanda pa dongosolo ndi.

Kumene ili?

Kudziwa ndondomeko malo, nthawi zambiri zothandiza kwambiri, monga timatha kudziwa, si atapachikidwa pa amafotokozera ntchito woyang'anira HIV. Koma mu nkhani iyi, wapamwamba ili mu malo angapo, amene ayesedwa wolungama ndithu sitepe mu mawu kukonza chitetezo ngati zofunika structural mchitidwe dongosolo.

Choncho, pamene ngozi kuwonongeka chifukwa cha opaleshoni dongosolo kapena hardware kulephera, matenda a HIV kapena zina ndondomeko mavuto kubwezeretsa amakhala wosalira zambiri. Komabe, tiyeni kufufuza muyezo akalozera onse Windows. Kuyambira XP, mungapeze file mu fodayi pa adiresi zotsatirazi: c: \ mazenera \ system32 \ ntoskrnl.exe.

Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana wapamwamba

Akatswiri dziwani kuti tsiku mu Os machitidwe Windows nthawi yomweyo inu Tingaone monga Mabaibulo anayi file izi. Apa iwo ali:

• ntoskrnl.exe akhale ndi chigawo chimodzi cha phata pa uniprocessor masanjidwe dongosolo ;
• moyenera, ingathenso kukhala mbali ya Mipikisano purosesa Baibulo la Os;
• uniprocessor mode malinga gigabytes oposa atatu a RAM imafunanso opaleshoni khola la Baibulo yakeyake wapamwamba;
• Pomaliza, ntoskrnl.exe osiyana ndi machitidwe Mipikisano pachimake ndi gigabytes oposa atatu a RAM.

Kutengapo mbali pa kayendetsedwe ka dongosolo Nsapato

Pa siteji koyamba potsegula Komatsu (bootloader) dongosolo transmits ndondomeko kulamulira dongosolo file Ntoskrnl. Last kuyambitsa tanthauzo la zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, ndipo kwambiri Iyamba yokonza chilengedwe dongosolo kwa chiyambi cha ntchito ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi zofunikira.

Chofunika ndi machitidwe atsopano ntoskrnl.exe? Windows 7 (komanso Windows 8 ndi Vista) ngakhale mukudalira pa izo (poyerekeza ndi Mabaibulo akulu Os), komanso mu nthawi yathu makamaka zofunika chitetezo dongosolo ndi pulogalamu yaumbanda. Lero, iwo zambiri "katswiri", ozama mu Os pa siteji Launch ake.

dongosolo chitetezo Personal

A Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya ndondomekoyi ndi hardware abstraction wosanjikiza pachimake - hardware Abstraction Gulu. Izi ndi zofunika popeza ndondomeko ntoskrnl.exe ndi anaphedwa mode mwayi wa CPU lapansi. Akatswiri mwina amatchedwanso "ziro mphete chitetezo» (mphete 0). Mwachidule, ndi wapadera mwayi mode amalola ndondomeko kuti mwachindunji kulumikiza zigawo zikuluzikulu dongosolo, anyalanyaza ngakhale usokoneze luso. Ichi ndi kudzapeza liwiro la ngale, ndi bwino ake ndi ufulu mwa dongosolo chipolopolo kunja. Kalanga ine, komabe izo usiye pang'ono mosiyana.

Apanso za pulogalamu yaumbanda

N'zosadabwitsa kuti ndondomeko imeneyi ndi "chokoma mbamu" chifukwa ndiAmene ntchito njiru. Ndipotu, ngati kupatsira izo, inu mukhoza kupeza mwayi dongosolo pa mode otsika mlingo! Ngati kusokonezedwa ngati n'kotheka, antivayirasi mapulogalamu aliyense akuthamanga molunjika pa Windows, amakhala opanda ntchito mwamtheradi.

Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa vuto wakhala kugonjetsa. Mfundo za kulowelera mu bwinobwino anatsegula fanizo losavuta ntoskrnl.exe limanena file chete (kutanthauza kuti mukudziwa kale), zomwe chagona pa njira dongosolo, yemweyo "Buku" mtengo wopelekedwa ndi Microsoft.

njira zina zodzitetezera

Mukayamba kuchotsa file izi kuchokera m'malo ake oyenerera fodayi Windows, ndiye pambuyo masekondi khumi kapena khumi ndi awiri, iye kamodzinso kukhala pa malo omwewo! Kumene adzatengedwa kumeneko? Inde, monga kutengera ku dongosolo mwachindunji ku kukumbukira.

Pamaso pa ndondomeko ichi chikhale chikumbukiro zipangitsa kuti buku la litayamba adzakhala m'malo ndi ena mnzake njiru. Kuonetsetsa chitetezo zonse, machitidwe atsopano a banja Windows mobwerezabwereza poyerekeza owona awa mu ntchito yawo.

Kuonetsetsa muli ndondomeko?

Tiyeni onani, kodi mu dongosolo njira mndandanda wa ntoskrnl.exe zilipo. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Choyamba muyenera kuthamanga "Ntchito Manager" (kukanikiza mabatani zitatu, monga ife tatchulazi), kenako pali mfundo kuona "Show njira kwa onse ogwiritsa." Kenako, ndondomeko Tingaone. Kumene, ayenera adayambira malo zotsatirazi: mazenera \ system32 \ ntoskrnl.exe.

mabvuto amene angadze

Kalanga ine, komabe si choncho osowa kukumana milandu pamene dongosolo katundu ndi zosatheka chifukwa chosowacho ntoskrnl.exe file. "Blue Screen Imfa" Nthawi zambiri likugwiritsidwanso chifukwa cha izo.

Akatswiri motsimikiza kuti nthawi zambiri vutoli kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto la litayamba yaikulu ya kompyuta. Nthawi zambiri, mapulogalamuwanso akukumana ndi mavuto pambuyo kuchotsa dongosolo lalikulu litayamba kapena kukhazikitsa latsopano chosungira. Mwachidule, pambuyo mpheto zilizonse za abulusa mwakhama.

Chifukwa ambiri vuto

Ngakhale ena vagueness wa terminology, zina zimene zimachititsa zofunika kukhala m'pang'ono. Apa iwo ali:

• Nthawi zolakwa file dongosolo, zambiri pa XP ndi machitidwe akulu opaleshoni (inu angaletse ndi kukonza chkdsk lamulo).
• Chifukwa cha zovuta kulephera litayamba hardware chifukwa cha mwadzidzidzi magetsi azima.
• Pamene molimba litayamba pamwamba amapezeka bedi midadada (kufufuzidwa ndi kuwongolera pulogalamu amatchedwa "Victoria").

Kodi ndimbwezera wapamwamba zosayenera?

Inde, izo ndi zenizeni. Kuti agwire ntchito imeneyi, muyenera litayamba umene kapena anzanu kukhazikitsa dongosolo. Pambuyo otsitsira muyenera kusankha pa zenera limapezeka "Ambuye" kusankha "System Bwezerani", ndi ku kuthamanga mode lamulo mzere. M'pofunika amaika lamulo lotsatirali: kukuza D: \ i386 \ ntoskrnl.ex_ m'ma: \ mazenera \ system32. Dziwani: m'malo D kuika kalata yake mu galimoto kuwala!

Dinani Enter. Ngati zonse zikuchitika molondola, inu kupemphedwa kuti simukugwirizana overwrite owona dongosolo. Akanikizire Y batani kachiwiri, alemba pa Lowani batani. file adzakhala kachiwiri liwonerere kwa litayamba kuwala ndi overwrite zinthu zosayenera mu dongosolo wanu.

Zofunika! Kubwezeretsa, ntchito kokha nduna unsembe mbale. Mulimonsemo, musati ntchito Mwaichi mitundu yonse ya "msonkhano", chifukwa inu mukhoza kupeza mavuto kwambiri!