Odalilika zomatira mafupa?

Field ya ntchito zomatira ndi zosiyanasiyana, izo opangira, zomangamanga, anakonza mpandawo ndi kumutsatira. mankhwala zomatira ntchito ndondomeko khamu pa siteji ya unsembe wa nyumba ndi zipangizo. The zomatira ambiri ntchito makampani pepala ndi nkhuni processing.

M'mbiri ake, zomatira ndi zosakaniza kusinthidwa. Chifukwa cha luso lamakono anaonekera zomatira zochokera resins kupanga angathe zipangizo zomatira ndi pamwamba aliyense. Kupanga zomatira ndi elasticity mkulu, kumatira ndi kusindikiza mankhwala komanso kuonetsetsa moyo wawo yaitali utumiki. chitsanzo cha mmene angagwiritsire ntchito bwino zomatira kupanga angathe kuonedwa monga kusonkhana PVC chitoliro ndi zomatira kulumikiza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza kupanga zomatira kwa kukonza ndi kusintha zipangizo (ndi zomatira kudzudzulidwa magoli makhalidwe kali ndi m'makola mwawo).

The mwayi waukulu ndi kudalilika mkulu kugwirizana zomatira a m'madera osiyanasiyana ndi pamalo, zimatheka popanda asamakhale zinthu structural (kuboola, mbale, kuwotcherera).

ndi zomatira ndi zomatira mfundo ziti?

Zomatira ndi osakaniza kapena Mipikisano chigawo zikuchokera ntchito kulumikiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana constructional ndi zipangizo. Zomatira pawiri unreleasable, cholimba chomangira aumbike ndi pamalo lumikiza wa zomatira wosanjikiza. Zomatira ndi osiyana mu zikuchokera. Nyimbo ndi lopangidwa ndi ma polima organic ndi zochita kupanga. Maziko a zomatira zikuchokera zimagawidwa:

• otentha akuchiritsa ma polima;
• ozizira akuchiritsa ma polima;
• kutenthetsa kugonjetsedwa ma polima;
• thermosetting ndi thermoplastic ma polima;
• ma polima ntchito mu yachibadwa kutentha osiyanasiyana.

Chitukuko cha sayansi yopanga ndi umagwirira polima anapatsidwa mphamvu kulenga nyimbo kuti kupereka amphamvu zipangizo zomatira maunyolo amene kali ndi kale anagonjera ndi lumikiza olimba a zitsulo, ceramic kapena galasi. Komanso pa polima m'munsi mwa zomatira zikuchokera monga zina zosiyanasiyana kuti atipatse katundu Napempha kwa zomatira interlayer ndi makhalidwe (kutentha kukana, kukana chinyezi, mphamvu ductility, ndi zina zotero. D.). cholinga chapadera zina zingakhale: kuchiritsa wothandizira, solvents, colorants, plasticizers, ndi fillers ena.

makhalidwe Mkhalidwe ndi katundu zomatira mankhwala zimadalira kusankha zomatira ndi okhwima luso kutsatira mgwirizano.

Clay: zikhalidwe kudziŵa kusankha

Posankha zomatira lalikulu ntchito za katundu ndi makhalidwe a zipangizo anafuna kulumikiza, a ntchito (chinyezi, kutentha), pafupifupi moyo wa zomatira ubale ndi katundu pa izo. Posankha ndi zomatira ayenera kulabadira mtengo mungachite ukhondo flammability. Nkhani ina kugwirizana zomatira ndi kuwonongeka kwa guluu wolimba ndi sanaonetse nthawi Choncho, pa nthawi yonse imene ntchito anawononga zomatira muzikondana.

The kuchepa mphamvu interlayer zomatira ndi kusinthasintha ndi chifukwa zotsatira za kusinthasintha kutentha, chinyezi, ndiponso mavuto ena. Choncho, asanayambe mgwirizano wa kapangidwe nyumba, nkhani kapena ndondomeko PVC chitoliro, zomatira kogwirizana intensively aone durability mchikakamizo cha kutiganizitsa zinthu opaleshoni.

General luso pamalo kogwirizana

Kogwirizana njira ikukhudza yokonza kali ndi, kusanganikirana zigawo zikuluzikulu zomatira zikuchokera (ngati chofunika), wosanjikiza zonyalazo zomatira umagwiritsidwa pamwamba ndi kudikirira mpaka polandirira msonkho ndi lumikiza okhwima. Imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri ndi kukonzekera kali kuti angongole, izi zipangitsa mulingo woyenera lumikiza. Pamene ntchito ulimbo n'kufika pamwamba ayenera kulabadira kukwanira kwa makulidwe filimu. Msonkhanowu udzatha ndi kuchiritsa mfundo zomatira ya zomatira, amene ayenera kutenga malo mu momwe akadakwanitsira ndondomeko.

The kukonzekera pamwamba chithandizo sitepe amachotsa kudetsedwa, ndi njira yapadera degreased pamwamba, iwo roughened. Best mumalowedwe kwa yokonza pamalo imene ndinasintha cohesive kulephera (chiwonongeko cha wosanjikiza astringent) zimfundo zomatira. Zochepetsera kulumikiza pamalo ntchito onse mankhwala ndi njira mawotchi kukonza ubale mphamvu.

The njira ya ntchito zomatira wosanjikiza pa khalidwe pamwamba pa zomatira olowa zimatengera. zomatira ayenera uniformly anagawira pa pamwamba, filimu makulidwe ayenera kukhala yunifolomu ndi kukhala mu osiyanasiyana mamilimita 0.1 kuti 0.2. Njira zomatira ntchito zimadalira kukhuthala zikuchokera.

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani kusankha makamaka a zomatira ndi ogwiritsa madzi zomatira luso ndondomeko dongosolo ongokhala PVC chitoliro.

Kusankha zomatira kwa mapaipi PVC

Chitoliro pansi zomatira mgwirizano wa PVC ntchito mu ntchito zomangamanga yomanga kachitidwe madzi ntchito mu kachitidwe Kutentha ndi sewers. Pali njira zamakono angapo kugwirizana PVC chitoliro ndi zovekera. Nthawi zambiri ntchito mayamwidwe kuwotcherera Komabe, chotchuka kwambiri ndi kulumikiza luso chitoliro zovekera, monganso amakwaniritsa mkulu kulumikiza mphamvu.

Ntchito kulumikiza PVC mipope zomatira akupanga waukulu chigawo polyvinyl enaake, amene wasukuluka ndi zosungunulira kupeza kugwirizana ankafuna. Zomatira zikuchokera anyamula zina zina zosiyanasiyana ndi excipients kuti kumapangitsanso zomatira kumatira ndi luso airtight. Thupi guluu wolimba ndondomeko limapangidwa ntchito zomatira zikuchokera padziko mankhwala amachitidwa kwambiri kuphatikiza, ndi zosungunulira ndi chamunthuyo ndi kupita kwa nthawi, wamphamvu zomatira chomangira aumbike. Kugwiritsa PVC zomatira amapereka amphamvu pamalo lumikiza pa mlingo maselo.

Kusankha akadakwanitsira zomatira zikuchokera kwa mapaipi PVC, zotsatirazi:

• bwino kudziwa chifukwa chimene zomatira ndi kuthi;
• ofunika kuti tidziwe bwino za sayansi zomatira lokonzekera, polyvinyl zomatira mankhwala enaake ofotokoza mungakhale mwa zigawo ziwiri, kukopa mwachindunji mphamvu kogwirizana;
• atakhala mlingo, amene ambiri a nyimbo si upambana mphindi 1-2 (malingana ndi chinyezi ndi kutentha);
• zomatira kwa mapaipi PVC ndi mumtundu;
• ndi kukhuthala kwa utoto zikuchokera.

PVC Technology ogwiritsa machubu njira zomatira

Zomatira njira ndi bwino losanganikirana. Ngati zigawo otithandiza kulumikiza paokha, ndikofunika kusunga kufanana zolondola. Chubu kwa zomatira kogwirizana zakonzedwa pa malo gluing anachita kuyeretsa ndi degreasing pamwamba. Ogwiritsa ikuyamba ndi ntchito zomatira kwa kali kogwirizana. zomatira The umagwiritsidwa ntchito burashi ndi yunifolomu kufalitsidwa pamwamba pa filimu sikuloledwa ndi mipata discontinuous malo payekha. Akamaliza padziko wetting ndondomeko zomatira njira, gawo chitoliro ndi limagwirizana ndi oyenerera.

Pambuyo mayikidwe a chitoliro ndi koyenera, zomatira kogwirizana ayenera sankalimbana nafe atathana masekondi 15-20, kenako anaumba zomatira lumikiza ndi koyamba thickens zomatira. Nkofunika onetsetsani kuti dongosolo la chili mu malo olondola pamaso kogwirizana, kuyambira cranking kapena zinthu sikuloledwa. Zomatira kogwirizana akhale pa mpumulo kwa mphindi 15 asanduke nthunzi ndi zosungunulira.

A kogwirizana motsatizana zigawo zonse wapampopi a dongosolo ongokhala mipope PVC ndi zovekera. Zomatira kogwirizana pambuyo maola 24 pa akamaliza unsembe mayesero kwa zikayamba ndi durability pansi katundu wa kuthamanga madzi.

Kudalirika kwa mafupa zomatira

zofunika za kudalirika kwa mfundo zomatira ndi kuperekedwa, malingana ndi maonekedwe a zipangizo angongole ndi zinthu opaleshoni pawiri. Komabe, pali ena magawo lonse, ayenera kutsatira pawiri iliyonse.

makhalidwe a kudalirika kwa mitundu yonse ya mankhwala zomatira:

• yunifolomu mphamvu adherend ndi zomatira pawiri;
• monolithic glued ndi zinthu zomatira mkanda;
• kukana kumangidwa zomatira ndi zizindikiro khalidwe pamwamba anatsimikiza durability ndi zoona.

The chizindikiro chachikulu cha kudalirika kwa zomatira olowa ndi kupereka chomangira mphamvu ofanana kapena wapamwamba mphamvu monolithic gawo adherend. i kudalirika pawiri zomatira zochokera makhalidwe opaleshoni, zingakhale:

• madzi kukana: The luso zomatira interlayer kupewa mavuto aakulu madzi;
• kutentha bata: luso kusunga zomatira chomangira mphamvu, kukhulupirika ndi sichisinthasinthanso pansi kutentha;
• kwachilengedwenso bata: luso zomatira wosanjikiza ndi kugwirizana kusunga katundu choyambirira mchikakamizo cha njira zowononga kwachilengedwenso.

Ubwino zimfundo zomatira

Kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza zomatira zochokera ma polima kupanga ndi kusungunula kwambiri kukodzedwa dera ntchito mapulasitiki. Kupanga zomatira, limene njira (osungunula) polima zikuchokera ndi chipatso cha processing pulasitiki. Ubwino waukulu wa kupanga zomatira kogwirizana - asayambe magawo thupi ndi zokongoletsa zipangizo kuti angongole. Yodalirika kugwirizana kali pa m'madera ambiri kupereka polima zomatira. Zomatira pawiri kuchokera nyimbo ya polima bwinobwino ntchito lumikiza wa madera akuluakulu ndi malo mgwirizano wa zinthu zazing'ono structural.

9 zifukwa chifukwa chosankha kogwirizana

1. Kumatira angathe kupanga mfundo kwambiri pakati pa zipangizo ndi katundu osiyana thupi ndi miyeso. Kogwirizana luso ndi wamkulu kuposa nambala ya umisiri ena, kuphatikizapo kuwotcherera, kuyambira luso kulumikiza zinthu kuwala gage ndi zipangizo Chimaona.
2. Kogwirizana limakupatsani wogawana kugawira nkhawa pamwamba lonse, zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa ntchito welded kapena riveted mafupa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo welded ndi riveted yodziwika ndi mkulu wa ndende kugogomeza kokha mu malo coupler.
3. kugwirizana zomatira kupereka msonkhano ziwembu liwilo, dzuwa motero yodziwika. Kogwirizana luso ndi chilengedwe ndipo akhoza m'malo njira zingapo kaphatikizidwe nyengo.
4. Anayamba kupanga luso ndipo zosiyanasiyana zosakaniza zomatira amalola ntchito zawo pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana ndondomeko kupanga.
5. Mtengo wa mphamvu zomatira ubale ndi zambiri kuposa kanjedza lolingana wa njira embodiments pawiri nyumba ndi nyengo. Mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito zomatira, ali ndi mwayi wochepa thupi poyerekeza ndi kugwirizana welded kapena riveted.
6. zipangizo zomatira ndi luso lapadera mayamwidwe, kugawa ndi kutengerapo nkhawa kudutsa ndege pakati zinthu yomanga. Elasticity ndi mapindikidwe luso zomatira wosanjikiza kumawonjezera kudalirika kwa zolumikizira.
7. Zomatira angathe kuphatikiza zipangizo ndi zofunikira kuti ali tcheru ndi kutenthetsa, amene akhoza kuswa kapena deform pansi zochita za kutentha.
8. Zomatira akhoza kuchita monga chuma kusindikiza, kupereka osati yodalirika kugwirizana dongosolo, koma kulimbikira bwino mavuto aakulu chinyezi ndipo mankhwala reagents. zimfundo zomatira bwino mumakhala kutentha ndi phokoso ndi insulators kwambiri.
9. Pali nyimbo zomatira anaikira mavuto zachilengedwe, ndi thandizo lawo kupeza zomatira mfundo makamaka odalirika. Ntchito formulations wapadera zomatira chimathandiza kumanga ndi zinthu popanda magetsi zipangizo pa otsika kutentha ndi chinyezi mkulu.

Kuipa kwa mfundo zomatira

The kuipa waukulu wa mankhwala zomatira, makamaka akamagwira ntchito kumatira kupanga, ndi ndikosatheka ntchito zawo m'malo okhwima wovuta kwambiri.

Mankhwala a nyumba pogwiritsa ntchito zomatira amafuna mkulu mwatsatanetsatane ndi gawo kulamulira kuphedwa awo. Anthu aluso zofunika kuyan'ana magawo ndi modes kogwirizana chotsatira zomatira kuchiritsa luso ndi mamangidwe zina pa mapangidwe coupler lapansi. Poona mankhwala analandira katswiri si nthawi zonse kudziwa ndi zilema zotheka kogwirizana.

Pakuti ambiri mafakitale zomatira luso oipa ndondomeko zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu magetsi. Kogwirizana wosachedwa zambiri osati kuchitidwa pamene polumikiza ooneka enieni nyumba zovuta.

Chofunika kudziwa, kulingalira mfundo zomatira?

1. umisiri onse kogwirizana amafuna mokwanira multistage pamwamba chithandizo, zomwe kwambiri complicates ndondomekoyi. The ndondomeko ya kuchiritsa zomatira chomangira chiyenela kuchitika mu zinazake chinyezi, kukhalabe zonse kuthamanga ndi kutentha zinthu. Komanso, wathunthu akuchiritsa nthawi akhoza kukhala nthawi yambiri. Pakuti mitundu ina ya zomatira mafakitale kogwirizana imagwiridwa mu sitepe Kutentha kugwirizana zomatira.
2. Zomatira pawiri mwaluso, ndi kusanthula anachita ndi akatswiri kwamakokedwe ndipo ukuchoka katundu mopitirira voltages akuwuka chifukwa kusiyana mu koyefishienti matenthedwe kuwonjezeka ndi kulumikiza ndege ya zomatira olowa.
3. zimfundo zomatira, ngakhale katundu ake, ndi chidwi drawback - osauka kutentha kukana. Ntchito kumatira kwa yomanga msonkhano okha pa nkhani ya zikugwira ntchito dongosolo pa kutentha m'mwamba. Komanso zosiyanasiyana mafupa zomatira lingathetsedwe mchikakamizo cha mantha mawotchi.
4. Features wa zinthu kogwirizana zikhale zosatheka kulamulira kwathunthu khalidwe la kugwirizana.
5. The mankhwala akamagwira kogwirizana, si a mbali, pachifukwa ichi, ntchito zomatira complicates ndondomeko disassembly kapena dismantling zomangamanga. Mu zikhalidwe za ntchito kwambiri mu mapangidwe ankhanza kapena ntchito okhwima sikutheka kuwerengera durability ya zomatira muzikondana.