S. Dovlatov, "Kusadzipatulira": mwachidule - zoseketsa za chisoni, chisoni ndi kupusa

"Kusadzipatulira" (Sergei Dovlatov) - gulu lanyimbo autobiographical kapena ang'ono, ngati iwo ali oitanidwa ndi woyambitsa - ". Kukondera" kanthu chikuchitika mu zaka 70 ku Estonia, unali limodzi mwa mayiko ambiri Soviet. inali nthawi iti? Tikhoza kunena kuti ichi chinali nthawi kwambiri "malonda-offs" wa aŵiriwo agwirizane pakati pa anthu ndi chipani cholamulira. Malingaliro boma amakhalabe unshakeable utsogoleri wa chipani ndi njira anayamba sosholisimu. Komabe, maganizo ena apambana pa anthu: ndi kukula kupandukira "afiira" ndi "mavuto." Mu mabuku, ndi mafilimu a kanema, atolankhani ndi ngakhale panyumba, pa "khitchini" Kukambirana kumawala yemweyo "choonadi", koma wopanda ufulu - izi ndi chilolezo yaikulu ya boma chosinthana "chete" otsalawo 90 peresenti. Koma kupirira izi "wosiyana kukondera" kodi n'zotheka kwa nthawi yaitali?

S. Dovlatov, "kukondera": mwachidule

Amagonja ndi woyamba: ndi protagonist, mtolankhani Sergei Dovlatov analemba cholemba za mayiko msonkhano wa sayansi Tallinn. Ophunzira m'gulu asayansi ochokera m'mayiko monga Soviet Union, Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Finland, Sweden, Denmark ndi Germany. Komanso, wolemba Eti limatiuza mmene mlandu ndale yochepa sightedness, monga mayiko palibepo pa dongosolo. Iwo likukhalira kuti mndandanda anali kukhala kuti afabeti, monga mwambo, koma Mukaganizira ena. Pachiyambi - dziko ndi chigonjetso cha sosholisimu, ndiyeno - onse. Iye anakopera kangapo. Ndalama mumalipira bwanji? Only awiri ruble lapansi. Ine ndikuyembekezera - atatu ... Chachiwiri kukondera: Nkhani chapamwamba "Adani a mphepo" imasonyeza chikumbutso 50 tili pa Tallinn Hippodrome. oyendetsa wotchuka, mbuye okwera azitengapo kukhala mtundu ndi kusangalatsa omvera patsogolo imakonza. Pambuyo makoti wodzitukumula kuchokera tsiku motere nkhani ya wolemba za zimene kwenikweni zikuchitika padziko kumakhala liwiro. Malowa ndi womvetsa chisoni pamaso - munda matope, oblique grandstand ndi khamu, zonse pitani bala, monga kokha kuno kugulitsa waikidwa blackstrap. Mtolankhani pambuyo zina zachidule awiri kapena atatu, anapanga mu kope ndi, akupempha kuti "thandizo" kwa protagonist nkhani - akulonjeza wamng'ono Wokwerayu adapambanapo Ivanov. Iye anali "limatiuza" dzina la mtsogoleri kale ndi awiri a iwo kupambana ndalama zambiri.

Osanyengelera atatu: cholembedwa mu nyuzipepala "Youth la Estonia" za alendo achinyamata ndi luso. The heroine za "nkhani" - Student choreographic situdiyo Alla Myaleshka amene mabwenzi okhulupirika - buku la Bloc ndi kamera. Ndani Kwenikweni izi "chikondi dona"? Pali gulu la achinyamata ndi "osati mochuluka oipa, opotoka, palibe ... m'malo osasamalira" atsikana amene zochita ambiri zilakolako "nkomwe ndikuganiza moyo." Alla anachokera Dvinsk ndi kukhala mnzake "bwenzi" usiku umodzi Miti Klenskogo mtolankhani. Iwo kusangalala ndi osasamala anachezera usiku mu kampani imodzi, ndipo tsiku lotsatira kunapezeka kuti Klensky anachoka ndi sanadzisiyira iye ndalama iliyonse. Dovlatov amapereka njira imeneyi - alankhule, mkaziyo adzalipira rubles makumi awiri, ndipo mwinamwake kwambiri.

S. Dovlatov, "Kusadzipatulira": mwachidule sikuthetsa

Osanyengelera Four: wakuti "Estonia ABC buku" Amakhala ndi wokongola, rhymes zabwinobwino. The ngwazi chachikulu cha ndakatulo ndi chimbalangondo, amene amathandiza ana Russian kuphunzira Estonia. Mlangizi wa Komiti ku Central atseka gawo, powona m'chifanizo cha wosalakwa zimbalangondo chauvinist Zokuthandizani kuti aliyense Estonia - nyama: "Ine, Komiti chapakati Party mlangizi - chirombo"

Kunyengerera chachisanu: tsiku lokumbukira ufulu wadziko la Estonia chizindikiro cha kubadwa kwa 400,000 TH wokhala Tallinn. Mawu a Goethe, "munthu wabadwa, kotero wabadwa dziko lonse!" Ngakhale Goethe sananene kuti, ngakhale, palibe amene anadziwa bwanji nkhaniyi anali yekhayo amene anabwera kukhala woyenera mutu wa mwamuna "likupita mwana. chisangalalo "anatisankha nthawi yaitali wakhanda woyamba anali mwana wa akazi Estonia ndi Ethiopia -. ndi bwino" ukwati "wachiwiri -. mwana wa Myuda -. makamaka mkonzi Chief kulandira kokha wachitatu popeza -. mwana wa Estonians ndi Russian, chomwe mu Party Communist Pali wina chinthu chofunika - makolo osangalala ndisatchule Zosagwiritsidwa Lembit. Pakuti Atate anapereka ziphuphu 20 rubles. Iye amagwirizana.

Kunyengerera chimodzi: pulogalamu wailesi "Kukumana ndi mwamuna chidwi," anawakonzera atolankhani Agapov L. ndi S. Dovlatov. Mu mlengalenga phungu wa sayansi zachuma. Patatha zaka zinayi, pa nkhope ya mtolankhani Agapova chilonda anaonekera. Izo kutaya kupenya moipa kudziona anaphunzitsa injiniya ndi makalasi anayi a maphunziro, amene anapereka mu liwiro kukhala mbali ya m'magazini yotsatira. Komabe, atakawona wake "wanzeru" Zojambula za nyumba m'tsogolo, katswiri amapereka kupereka kuchipatala cha anthu amisala. pulogalamu chatsekedwa. Poganiza "Albucasis" kugunda Lida zitsulo wolamulira pa mutu, ndipo ntchito yake linasokonekera kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kunyengerera chiwiri: inalemba nkhani pamutu wakuti "Man ndi ntchito." Dovlatov "moyo" ndi chidwi kulemba za zovala mlengi wa Russian Drama Bwalo la Estonia Waldemar Silde, amene, mosakaika, anali munthu wodziwa kwambiri. Komabe, pambuyo nkhani ya chifukwa wake "pa pamphasa" kalatayi. Iwo likukhalira kuti wotchuka mafashoni mlengi wakhala akuona oukira kuti Mama, ndi mkulu wa bwalo lamasewera adakhala amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. "Iye sanakakhale kwa inu? - kuwavutitsa, ine ndikuganiza. Kundipereka mtolankhani ada mangala. Kuti Ndinadabwa ... "

Kunyengerera chitatu: nyuzipepala lofalitsidwa ndi uthengawo kuti Brezhnev ndi milkmaids Estonia. heroine wokondwa inati mkulu mkaka zokolola za kuvomera mu masewera .... Dovlatova mtolankhani ndi atolankhani wojambula zithunzi Zhbankova anatumizidwa kukachita bizinesi. Iwo ayenera Funsani milkmaids, ndi kuti sanali kulemba uthengawo. Koma "comrades" kwa oyandikana chigawo komiti ya chipani mbamphedza zonse. Iwo anakhazikitsa bungwe msonkhano osati ndi "ngwazi za pobereka" koma "ofunda olandiridwa" limodzi la wakunja kwatawuni "zing'onozing'ono" ku nyanja ya mowa ndi atsikana awiri amene ali wokonzeka kukwaniritsa akufunira aliyense wa alendo. Interviews ndi uthengawo zinalembedwa pa lalifupi yopuma, ndi "chikhalidwe pulogalamu".

S. Dovlatov, "kukondera": mwachidule chimaposa cha

Osanyengelera Naini: lofalitsidwa nkhani "Mtunda ovuta kwambiri" cha Tiina Karu - medalist, mlembi wa Komiti ya Komsomol, kupirira wothamanga ndi achinyamata asayansi zingamuthandize. Kamodzi Tina anatembenukira kwa ngwazi chachikulu thandizo. chakuti iye anaonekera mavuto zachilendo ndi mwamuna wake. Zimafunika maphunziro "Kumasuka" pabedi. Dovlatov anakana kuimba udindo wa mphunzitsi. Komabe, iye asankha bwenzi lake, amene anali wokonda kwambiri. Pambuyo ochepa "zolephera" mtsikana Potsirizira pake "wophunzira wabwino kwambiri." Amayamikira, iye amapereka wolemba botolo la mowa.

Amagonja ndi chakhumi: "Iwo kutilepheretsa wamoyo" - nkhani yaing'ono ya mtolankhani kale E. L. adalikuthengo, amene kamodzinso anali mu siteshoni kuganizapo-mmwamba. Author nostalgic za nthawi zakale, za momwe iye anabwera kwa Tallinn ndi ndalama, ntchito, palibe abwenzi ndi lingaliro chochita ndi kopita. Wapatsidwa foni Chitsamba Choyaka amene amadziwa kanthu, koma asatambira ndi kuitanitsa kukakhala naye ndi wake lotsatira "ladylove". Chitsamba - munthu osokoneza. Pa dzanja limodzi - wabwino chikhalidwe, moona, luso, osati kunyengerera akuluakulu. Pa zina - ndi osasamala, kumwa, ena, amene amakhala likuvutika akazi okalamba. Monga wolemba mwini anati, sanalinso ukugawa anthu ku zabwino ndi zoipa.

Osanyengelera khumi. Mbiri yamoyo: kukumbukira wosatha wa mkulu wa TV situdiyo Hubert Ilves, woonamtima ndi zaukhondo munthu, chomwe nthawi zonse kutikumbukira anzake ndi comrades. Pa nthawi ya "Mwambo" anasonyeza kuti wakufayo - si Hubert Ilves, ndipo anthu "wamphamvu". Kodi kuchita? TV, moyo Kuwulutsa, tsalani bwino. Zilekeni momwe ziliri, ndipo usiku kudzakhala kotheka kusintha mabokosi. Ngakhale kuti akhoza kuchitika, ngati mwayi manda kwenikweni m'manda winanso, osati wachibale, osati mnzake, ndi chinyengo careerist bezymonnogo munthu wopanda moyo, zilakolako, zokhumudwitsa ndi ziyembekezo ...

S. Dovlatov, "kukondera": chidule cha kokatha

Amagonja ndi akhumi otsiriza "Memory - zedi chida" - zithunzi kuchokera masewera lotsatira Republican kale anali akaidi a zozunzirako German. The protagonist ndi chimodzimodzi atolankhani wojambula zithunzi Zhbankov anatumizidwa kukachita bizinesi. Pulogalamu chochitika chiri motere: choyamba - kukumana ndi abwenzi, mbali maganizo, ndiye -Nsanja boma gawo, Zabwino, ndipo pamapeto - nthawi yaitali phwando, amene zinthu zinasintha. Pa Gala "chakudya" pambuyo zakumwa pang'ono kuledzera likukhalira kuti pambuyo ambiri Nazi zozunzirako anapita kwawo ku Mordovia ndi Kazakhstan, ngati oukira. Ine ndinakwera funso dziko; ndiye Myuda, amene ali Finn. Zhbankov apewe zinthu, mmalo motenga 'korona' pa anamenyela apainiya.

"Mu nkhani imeneyi Angelo ndipo palibe sasonyeza anthu wamba ... palibe ochimwa ndipo palibe wolungama. Ndipo mu moyo iwo kulibeko ", - anati wolemba. Wina ali asintha, wina amakhala wakunja .... Ngakhale, ngati si onse, ambiri, kamodzi pa moyo wawo anapita pa izi "tagwirizana", subordinated ndi mmene zinthu zilili, sagged, ndipo sikuti chikumbumtima onse. Koma apa chinthu chachikulu - kusiya nthawi, mwinamwake ... The protagonist waponya zonse ndi kumanzere. "Pa mawu adzaoneni ndinena tiwonana kuti utolankhani. Ndatopa "- Sergei Dovlatov," Kusadzipatulira ".