Suspense - chimene chiri tanthauzo la zowawa za mantha kanema kapena phwando?

Mukayamba zilipo kwambiri kuti afotokoze chomwe suspense mu filimu, tikhoza kunena - ndi pamene "mpweya" pamene ngwazi kunong'ona: "Musapite kumeneko!" Kapena "Tembenukani!" Bouncing mu mpando wake. Ichi ndi kukula inexorable wa maganizo podikira zopweteka ena m'chikaiko chowakaikitsa modabwitsa nkhawa akuwuka kwa wolotayo lapansi. The timati "sapensovye mphindi" viewership kumatanthauza kusuntha kanthu. Kulingalira akukumana ngati ali tsopano, osati khalidwe la filimu pangozi, ngati iye ali ambiri sali nawo mwachindunji mu zochitika zonse zikuchitika mu filimu. Kuti ndiwo mawu - ndi "ndiwachabe", "inaimitsidwa" chikhalidwe cha munthu, chifukwa chimene chikuchitika mafilimu kanthu. Pankhaniyi tili mu malingaliro si zizikhala malo, koma pa nthawi. atsogoleri ambiri zambiri kukanda mitu yawo mmene kukwaniritsa suspense, ndipo muyenera kukhala "mbuye wa nthawi", kutanthauza kuti athe compress kapena kutambasula nthawi kusintha maganizo omvera ake.

Origin ndi ntchito

Mu English, mawu wakhalapo kuyambira m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu, ndi njira, ndi ka pa syllable chachiwiri. Mawu akuti ali ndi chiyambi Latin ndi lachokera ku suspensus (kutanthauza "inaimitsidwa"). Ndipo kokha mu 1952 zosiyana anali woyamba ntchito pofotokoza mtundu wanyimbo: Nkhani suspense, suspense yonthunthumilitsa, suspense buku. Kwambiri ndichifukwa ntchito m'mafilimu, thrillers ndi thrillers upandu, zinthu zonse kuti ntchito kutchedwa "zochititsa kanema." Koma modernity zolakwika, ndipo n'zovuta kupeza mtundu wanyimbo filimu Mzere, lomwe lilibe njira imeneyi. Ndipotu, iye ndi mmodzi mwa njira yowala ndi yamphamvu kwambiri mumadabwa, kugwila ndi kugwira tcheru kum'patsa a.

Zitsanzo za kukopera filimu

Ndithudi kuzimvetsa kuti suspense zimenezi, mukhoza kuona zina mwa ntchito za mlembi filimu. Mwachitsanzo, filimu Andreya Tarkovskogo "Nsembe" Iye anamanga ambiri a iwo pa phwando ili, usachite kolakwa kutchula "Stalker", chithunzi ndi thrillers akhoza pachikhalidwe. Dziwani kuti filimu chete komanso ntchito suspense. Kuti kunali kotheka, izo zikusonyeza chithunzi cha Kufika pa Lumiere abale a Phunzitsani ", mosakayika omvera panthawi kuposa pazipita nazo ntchito zimene zikuchitika pa zenera. Tod browning filimu "anagwirizana zothetsa" (1920) ndi Fred S. Nyumeyera "Chotsalira bwinobwino!" (1923) amakhalanso ngati umboni wangwiro wa mfundo imeneyi.

Mfumu chodabwitsa, muyezo yonthunthumilitsa

Maka mbuye chodabwitsa - Alfred Hitchcock ndi mpake ankaona mfumu ya suspense, kalembedwe analenga mosasintha anagawa kanema pa osankhika ndi misa. Izi Anglo-American wotsogolera, ndi kukolezera odzipereka nkhani ofufuza ndi onse wotchuka Sigmund Freud, analenga yonthunthumilitsa muyezo. Pa wolemba wathuwu ndi kalembedwe Hitchcock anati: Way lonse ntchito zofanana film, kusiyanitsa iwo zithunzi za anthu ena. Kalembedwe Master akuwonetseredwa mu kubwereza kwa ena amajambulapo maluwa okongola chiwembu, njira kudyetsa omvera njira zapadera kujambula, ndipo ngakhale mtundu wa zisudzo. The maestro lalikulu la mavuto ndi kuthamanga anakankha mantha mamiliyoni amaonetsa mantha. ntchito yake "The Lodger" (1926. Ndinabatizidwa) Kodi anthu amawaona kuti limatiphunzitsa suspense. Tsatirani funso pa Hitchcock: "Suspense - ndichiyani?" - tikhoza kunena kuti tikwaniritse zotsatira za kumaliseche a mavuto amene wowerenga ayenera kudziwa zambiri kuposa iye amadziwa Kalanga ngwazi.

Baibulo lina

Mu lina lomwe suspense monga mtundu wanyimbo, iwo amatchedwa tate wa Davide Wark Griffith Lyuelina, American wotsogolera, screenwriter, wosewera, sewerolo. Zokangana za thupi zokwanira - anali woyamba kugwiritsa ntchito pafupi-mmwamba kuti tikwaniritse zotsatira wapadera kwambiri, tcheru ku mwatsatanetsatane, kupereka filimu chenicheni Zimathandizanso kuti wowerenga kumva chisoni ngwazi azolowere zimene zikuchitika. David ndi oyamba mwakuya ndi mosamala ankachitira ku unsembe yomweyi. Pa nthawi kuchokera 1909 mpaka 1912, iye mndandanda wa mafilimu lalifupi pa mzere umodzi nkhani - thrillers ndi zabwino zotsatira pamene thandizo akubwera mu pamapeto penipeni, "pang'onong'ono ngozi," "wamng'ono zoipa", "wanthambo ku Lawndale," "Bakuman ndipo kukhulupirika. " Ngakhale mutu wa ena akhoza kunena mosapita m'mbali - suspense. Kuti palibe kanthu koma akutsimikiza osati unsembe analemba ndi chakuti mu pachimake mafelemu akukhala wamfupi ndi wamfupi, kotero ikukoka mavuto ambiri ankhanza. Dziwani kuti ngati Hitchcock anatembenuka njira imeneyi mu wake chizindikiro, Griffith posachedwa ntchito mosalingalira, mwachibadwa.

"The digito zisinthe" ndi mtundu wanyimbo mokyumentari

Masiku ano, polemba chinenero cha suspense mutayamba mokyumentari ndi zina zomwe a ulimi digito, ali kusanduka. Kujambula lingaliro la kukhalapo, Kuzindikira kwambiri maganizo omvera akhudzidwa. njira Traditional tafotokozazi sizikugwira ntchito Komabe, monga mafilimu anapanga kalembedwe "mafilimu anataya". Anthu njira ntchito Hitchcock, kum'patsa masiku ano sayambitsa mantha, koma kumwetulira kapena mkangano kuseka. Mu sapens-zithunzi opanga kunadetsa ntchito Izitu n'zovutitsa ndi nthabwala kuti zimachepetsa, njira imeneyi (a kuphatikiza sewero lanthabwala ndi zithunzi zambiri zochititsa chidwi) Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu mafilimu otchuka masiku ano achinyamata mantha. Apa ndi suspense ano. Choipa - si koyenera kukangana nthawi kuika chirichonse mu malo ake.