Syria likulu Damasiko: anthu, malo, malongosoledwe

Damasiko - likulu Suriya ndi mzinda wake wachiwiri kukula, wotchuka chifukwa chiyambi chake wakale ndi mbiri wolemera.

Tchulani ya zipatso m'mudzi ku nthawi m'Baibulo, ndipo ngakhale penapake kale. Komabe authentically si okhazikika, zinaoneka mzinda. Pali malingaliro amene likulu la Damasiko linakhazikitsidwa ndi Adamu ndi Hava. Ndipo malinga ndi Mabaibulo ena akukhulupirira kuti kumanga ake anali woyamba pambuyo pa Chigumula. Koma umboni wotsimikizira zikusonyeza kuti munene loyambirira la mzinda anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XV. BC. e. Kenako iye mwini wa Farao ndi Aigupto, ndipo ankatchedwa Dimashqi. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Damasiko amatchedwanso a likulu la malonda ndi ntchito zamanja.

Malonda likulu ndi tsoka

Popeza X mu. BC. e. mzinda anapindula udindo wa likulu Damasiko, chikhalidwe cha anthu Chiaramu. Koma patatha zaka ziwiri anagonjetsedwa ndi Asuri kugonjetsa mayiko amenewa. Chinayamba chilango, anagonjetsedwa ndipo kuyambira pamenepo mzinda chakhala mbali ya Asuri. Koma suchedwa kutha. Mu VI. BC. e., atagwa Asuri, Damasiko zimapita kwa Neo-Babulo, ndipo pambuyo ankhondowo Persian.

Zinali zitachitika izi pafupipafupi anafunsa ana a sukulu zasekondale: "? Damasiko - likulu la zomwe dziko". Yankho lenileni angapezeke m'munsimu.

A zaka ingapo Aleksandra Makedonskogo asilikali wotanganidwa mzinda. Ahelene, ngakhale militancy ndi aulemu kwambiri kwa nyumba ndi anthu a m'madera anagonjetsa. Inali pa nthawi imeneyi Damasiko ikukula, kuwongolera misewu, nyumba mzindawo. Atamwalira Aleksandra Makedonskogo ndi kugawikana kwa ufumu mu Mabuku ambiri yaing'ono. Ndipo 64 BC. e. wogonjetsa Pompeyi zikugwirizana mzinda ndi gawo la ufumu wa Roma. Syria anakhala chigawo wina.

Nthawi imeneyi, likulu la Damasiko monga likulu la Bwino malonda chifukwa kudzera izo zili zofunika kwambiri zamalonda. Aroma m'njira iliyonse amafuna kuteteza mzindawo kwa akuba, ndi wolanda. Chifukwa chilili kuzungulira khoma ndi zipata asanu ndi kudyetsedwa kwa Damasiko chongopeka analenga malaya a mtsinje Barada. Ndi zaka 395 mu East ndi West pambuyo gulu la Roma, m'dera chimatsatira Ufumu wa Byzantium anakhalabe mbali ya m'zaka za m'ma VII.

Ndi 661, mzindawo unali mu ulamuliro wa Umayyads, amene anayamba kulalikira Islam. Koma kale mu VIII m'zaka za ulamuliro wa Abbasid mafumu amabwera likulu kunditumiza ku Baghdad. Ankhondo olamulira latsopano m'chiwonongeko ndi kuyatsa nyumba Ummayah, kuwonjezera, iwo kuwononga makoma anamanga ndi Aroma.

nthawi yovuta ku Damasiko

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo iwo amayamba Damasiko nthawi lovutali. Mphamvu m'malo olamulira Igupto, agonjetsi Turkey, ndi misonkhano Sizilowana ndi mzinda wakale. Mu 1300, ku Mongolia anagonjetsa Damasiko, ndi kubwera nawo imfa ndi chiwonongeko. Mu 1400 Tamerlane pafupifupi kwathunthu kuwononga mzindawo ndi kumabweretsa analanda amisiri ake abwino ndiponso gunsmiths. Kuyambira 1516 malowa wakhala ndi mbali ya Ottoman, ndipo amakhalabe kapangidwe kake ku XIX atumwi. Panthawi imeneyi, chitukuko mzindawo kumapitirirabe kumakhaladi unremarkable gawo akuzigawo wa Ottoman. Mu 1920, Damasiko m'gulu France. Ndipo adzakhala gawo la izo mpaka 1943, pamene Syria afika ufulu, ndipo anabwerera kumzinda udindo wa likulu.

Dera la dzina la

Dera la likulu Siriya lili m'mapiriŵa. Ubwenzi Damasiko ku Nyanja Mediterranean pafupifupi 80 makilomita. Malo okwana gawo - mamita lalikulu 105. Km ndi mbali yaing'ono ya mzinda wotanganidwa ndi phiri Kasiyun. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira nthano, ndi mu malo awa anaphedwa Abel. Ndipo n'chifukwa chake dzina la mzindawo - Damasiko, lomwe m'Chiheberi limatanthauza "abale magazi." M'mbuyomu likulu Siriya anali atazunguliridwa ndi chitsime ndi mtsinje kupereka ndi madzi. Koma m'kupita kukodzedwa ku Damasiko, chitsime anakula ang'onoang'ono ndi dirtier, ndi Barada watercourse pa mphindi pafupifupi youma.

nyengo

Koma nyengo - yotentha ndi zambiri youma, yotentha, koma mzinda waima pa mamita 700 pamwamba pa nyanja, izo amanyamula kuzizira invigorating. M'nyengo yozizira kutentha akhoza kugwa +6 ° C mwinanso imfa ya chisanu. Mwezi yotentha ndi July. Ndipo, tisaiwale kuti ngakhale tsiku anali ansangala, usiku udzakhalabe wokongola ozizira.

Population ndi Chipembedzo

Likulu Damasiko kunyumba kwa anthu miliyoni 1,75, koma kokha malinga ndi ziwerengero boma. magwero ena amanena kuti anthu ochuluka, amene chimachititsa pafupifupi 4 miliyoni.

Chipembedzo ndi mbali yofunika ya moyo ku Damasiko. M'dera lino, co-kulibe, Chikhristu ndi Chisilamu. Ambiri mwa anthu a Damasiko m'chipembedzo cha Sunni. Akhristu amapanga okha 10% ya anthu. Kuwonjezera kayendedwe lalikulu lachipembedzo pali dera Ayuda ku Damasiko.

Damasiko - mzinda ndi likulu la Syria

Likulu la Syria si pakati mbiri, komanso, ndithudi, makampani. Apa, kuwonjezera, kugulitsa, wochokera kalelo, ndi mwachangu kukhala ndi chakudya ndi mankhwala mafakitale. Komanso, makampani nsalu ndithudi mtsogoleri mu chitukuko cha chuma mzinda. Ikulu zopereka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito zamanja, anaonekera mu kwambiri m'mbuyomu. Izi ulimi wa golide zosiyanasiyana, zodzikongoletsera siliva, makalapeti, nsalu. mankhwala lodziwika bwino kwa Damasiko zitsulo akali chidwi alendo ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

zokopa alendo

Nthawi zambiri anthu kukayika za Damasiko - likulu la dziko, chifukwa ambiri ndamva nkhani zabwino za chikhalidwe cha mzinda uno.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kukula kwa ntchito zokopa alendo ndi mwachangu zimathandiza kuti kuwuka mu chuma Damasiko. mtawuni wolemera zokopa, zinthu zakale, ndipo zosiyanasiyana katundu ndi amakopa anthu apaulendo ochokera m'mayiko onse. Komanso, kumanga mwa mahotela, malo omwera, odyera kumathandiza kuti kukhala omasuka ku likulu la Syria. Chimene, ndithudi, zimakopa anthu okonda kumasuka ndi zogwiritsa ntchito apaulendo.

mapangidwe

Likulu Damasiko akuti ndi likulu la maphunziro a Syria. Apa ndi yaikulu komanso wamkulu wa yunivesite ake, amene anatsegula zitseko zake mu 1903. Kuwonjezera pa mabungwe waukulu maphunziro a dziko, palinso mabungwe lamtseri: The Siriya Pafupifupi University, ndi Arab University International, University mayiko a Science and Technology, ndi ena.

mbali ya mzinda

Popeza mbiri ya Damasiko wolemera ankhondowo anawazunza ndi nkhondo, mzinda ladzala ndi kuda anawonongera anavutika nkhondoyo. Pali magawo awiri a mzinda: Chakale ndi Chatsopano. Gawo akale ndi chidwi kwambiri kudzacheza. Kumene mungapeze kuda makoma moyo, chibwenzi ku ankhondowo Roma. zipata zisanu ndi ziwiri zimene zasungidwa mu mpanda, kusonkhanitsa kwambiri alendo. Komanso, Kamangidwe lonse la mbali wakale wa mzinda ndi zotsatira za Ufumu wa Roma. m'misewu yaing'ono, amene asankha mizu kalelo, watenga mawonekedwe pansi anagonjetsa Roma. Choncho, Damasiko - mzinda kubala cholowa za m'mbiri lero.

zowoneka

Mmodzi wa zokopa chotchuka kwambiri mzikiti wakale wa Ummayah mafumu. Pa m'gawo lake pali nyumba imene kusunga tsitsi ku ndevu wa Mtumiki Muhamadi, amene amakopeka aulendo padziko lonse lapansi. Komanso, mzikiti amatchedwanso a padziko lonse lapansi.

Ambiri, mzinda wolemera zipilala achipembedzo. Apa ndi mpingo wa St. Anne, ili pansi; Takiyeh Mosque Al-Sulaymaniyah, amene ankaona mzikiti wokongola kwambiri mu dziko Arab ndi zina zambiri zochititsa chidwi.

Pakuti okonda ndi zachilendo adzakhala chidwi ndi manda a Bab-al-Sagyr, kumene manda a umunthu wotchuka; Cave Magarat al-Damm m'phiri Kasiyun. Malinga ndi nthano, apa iye anatsiriza kupha m'bale wake Kaini. Osati patali phangalo mungapeze sarcophagus anamupha Abele. Damasiko anthu amadziwa nthano ino ndi okonzeka kufotokozera uliwonse alendo.

National Museum la mzindawo ndi osangalatsa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ake, ambiri mwa iwo anafika dziko ano kuyambira nthawi zakale. Apa mutha kuona Zojambula pakhoma, zolemba zitsanzo choyamba. Asilikali Museum adzakhala akuonetsa zosonkhanitsira kwambiri osiyanasiyana zida. Osati dziko ano, komanso Ages Middle.

Kumene, woyenera ulendo Damasiko misika wotchuka kumene mungapeze zitsanzo zosangalatsa minofu, zosiyanasiyana zida kuchokera m'nthano Damasiko zitsulo, ndi zambiri.

Ambiri, onse Syria, Damasiko makamaka litadzala ndi mbiri ndi chinsinsi akale. Nyumba, mizikiti, mipingo, m'misewu okha imatipatsa kuitana likulu la kukopa kwambiri alendo. Nzosadabwitsa iye si malo otsiriza mu mndandanda wa UNESCO ngati gawo la cholowa lalikulu la chikhalidwe dziko.

Momwe ku Damasiko ku Moscow?

Damasiko ndi imodzi mwa ndege yaikulu padziko lonse mu Syria. Nthawi kusiyana ndi Moscow ku likulu la Siriya kumeneko. Pezani ku Damasiko ku likulu Russian chachikulu ndi ndege yolunjika. A mtunda mu mzere wolunjika ku Moscow limatenga 2.5 zikwi. Km. Siriya International Airport ndi 26 Km from mzinda. N'zotheka kufika pa basi kapena lendi galimoto. Pa nthawi ino ndithu n'zosavuta ku likulu la dziko monga Syria. Damasiko n'kosathandiza kukaona zokonda zake!