Titaniyamu: titaniyamu kuwotcherera (sayansi). Titaniyamu kuwotcherera argon

Mu ndege, shipbuilding, makina, ndi ena mafakitale ena kupanga mfundo zovuta ndi kufuna ntchito zipangizo zodula monga titaniyamu. Ndi bwino kokha kwa kulemera kwake otsika, komanso chenicheni kuti zitsulo kosamugonjera njira dzimbiri. Tiyeni tione zimene kwenikweni titaniyamu. titaniyamu kuwotcherera - ziri ndithu chidwi mutu kulankhula izi ndi ayankhidwa.

A pang'ono zambiri

kungotenga ndi ntchito chidutswa cha titaniyamu analandira osowa. Kawirikawiri izo pretreated. Iwo anazindikira kuti nthawi pansi kuwotcherera. Koma popeza yogwira zitsulo amatanthauza Osamva, akatswiri vuto chiwonongeko cha zinthu pa kutentha kwa madigiri 400 Celsius mchikakamizo cha nthunzi ya madzi, mpweya, ndi asafe. Palokha, ndondomeko ndi zovuta kwambiri, kuyambira m'pofunika kutsatira ambiri malamulo luso, kapena mtundu uliwonse wa kuwotcherera ndi oyenera processing zitsulo. Mulimonsemo, lero aphunzira pokonza titaniyamu. titaniyamu kuwotcherera ikuchitika mwa njira zingapo:

• elekitironi mtengo;
• pano kamwazi;
• argon.

Panopa otchuka njira yonse, koma argon kwambiri ambiri kuwotcherera zifukwa zingapo, zimene tikambirana ina.

Titaniyamu ndi kasakaniza wazitsulo ake

Yogwira zitsulo anagawira mu chikhalidwe zokwanira. Ambiri amanena kuti si kokwanira, koma akuyang'ana kuyerekeza. Mulimonsemo, kuchuluka kwa titaniyamu mu kutumphuka woposa mkuwa kapena patsogolo. Izi ndi cholimba kwambiri zitsulo. Mu mawonekedwe woyera akafika mphamvu ya 337 MPa, ndi aloyi ndi dongosolo la 1 mpaka 250 MPa. Mfundo kusungunuka kwa titaniyamu - 1668 madigiri Celsius.

Pa kutentha yachibadwa, ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri ndipo amagwira ntchito mu mapangidwe ankhanza. Komabe, pamene kutentha ukufika madigiri 400 Celsius makhalidwe galimoto ndi kuloŵa pansi. Umakaphatikizana zachiwawa ndi asafe liyamba oxidized ndi mpweya ndi madzi nthunzi, amene kwambiri zimasokoneza ukulu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti zinthu sanachite sachedwa akulimbana otentha pa kuwotcherera, koma mbewu yake amakhala zikuluzikulu zomwe impairs makhalidwe luso wa zitsulo ndi khalidwe china chotulutsa. Mfundo ife kumvetsa pang'ono kuti ndi titaniyamu. titaniyamu kuwotcherera - apa pali chimene wina ndi chidwi. Tiuzeni ndipo ife kulankhula.

mbali zopangapanga kuwotcherera

Pakali pano sitingathe kunena kuti titaniyamu ndi m'chipani mankhwala ichi kapena icho. Iwo ankagwira naye kwambiri za opanga ku mafakitale zosiyanasiyana. Koma Tiyenera timvetsetse pano kuti titaniyamu - yolimbikira mankhwala amafotokozera. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti ntchito kuwotcherera ochiritsira zosavomerezeka. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti pa kugwa kwa kuipitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a carbides ndi nitrides amene kuchepetsa ntchito zakuthupi.

Choncho, chikhalidwe zofunikira kuwotcherera - wathunthu kudzipatula ku malo ozungulira. Awa: mpweya, asafe, hydrogen ndi ena. Komanso, ntchito kuwotcherera ziyenera kuperekedwa pa liwiro ndi mkulu. Yaitali Kutentha mu latisi galasi zambiri mbewu, kwambiri kumawonjezera brittleness. Mulimonsemo, kuwotcherera wa titaniyamu, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane pansipa luso - zovuta ndi zovuta ndondomeko. Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tipite patsogolo.

Titaniyamu kuwotcherera argon

Argon mtundu wa kuwotcherera zitsulo izi otchuka pakati akatswiri padziko lonse. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti palibe ntchito fluxes ndi maelekitirodi Choncho anachita zobisika kwambiri ndi zovuta ntchito kuwotcherera. Komanso njira chopezera argon welds chikukhudza mitundu apamwamba a kuwotcherera. Ndi luso la chisindikizo apamwamba analandira.

Sitingathe kunena za padziko lonse argon kuwotcherera. Iwo kwagona kuti pali kuthekera kusamalira nyumba yaikulu ndi mbali yaing'ono. Msoko ukupereka khalidwe lomwelo. Komanso, argon kuwotcherera wa titaniyamu ndi zabwino chifukwa chakuti n'zotheka ntchito panopa kakang'ono, ndipo walola kuti china chotulutsa chuma kukhala ndi makulidwe a 0,5 mm. Argon angathe kubwezeretsa mfundo anataya buku awo oyambirira.

kuwotcherera wa titaniyamu ndi kasakaniza wazitsulo ake: Technology

Ntchito ziyenela kuchitidwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ndi zipangizo zoyenerera. Komanso, izi ndondomeko tsatane Mipikisano. masitepe onse ayenera pitirizani mwankhaza anakhazikitsa ndondomeko ndi kuchita mogwirizana ndi mfundo.

Gawo loyamba - kukonzekera. Apa m'pofunika kuyeretsa zitsulo pamwamba. Nkofunika kwambiri kuchotsa okusayidi filimu. M'mbali zambiri ankachitira oxyfuel njira. Katunduyo kapena workpiece kukonzedwa ndi fluorine ndi asidi (hydrochloric). Izi anakhalabe kutentha zonse madigiri 60 Celsius. Apa n'kofunika kuti ateteze anthu zitsulo ankachitira anachita ndi mpweya mumlengalenga onse panja ku mbali kumbuyo. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, oyenera mkuwa kapena zitsulo ziyangoyango kuti ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito msoko lapansi. Kuwonjezera ziyangoyango analola ntchito visors kumatenda ndi nozzles wapadera.

Pa njira kuwotcherera

Dongosololi kukuchitika panopa zonse. The burner waikidwa wapadera tungsten elekitirodi. Pamene zitsulo amabwera mu kukhudzana ndi Arc magetsi anapanga china chotulutsa dziwe. Kutentha kawirikawiri ukufika 6 zikwi madigiri Celsius.

Mu mavuto Arc osungunula titaniyamu penapake anakankhira. Iwo likukhalira kuti burner yoyaka mu recess lapansi. Izi zikhoza kuganiziridwa mwayi monga kwambiri bwino ozama mphamvu. Komanso, nthawi zonse amawapopa argon, amene amateteza ndi kukhudzana ndi mpweya, asafe ndi Mankhwala oipitsa ena.

china

About ndi mankhwala titaniyamu. Cold kuwotcherera zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito filler waya kokha pamene zitsulo makulidwe kuposa 1.5 mm. Ngati makulidwe ndi 10-15 mm, kuwotcherera wa ikuchitika mu adalowetsedwa Arc ndimeyi. Ngati ntchito zinachitikadi ndi kusunga luso, ndi msoko sayenera pokonza kuchokera slag lapansi. Idzakhala yosalala ndi apamwamba. mankhwala amenewa yodziwika ndi airtightness mkulu ndi durability.

Arc kuwotcherera ndi elekitironi mtengo kuwotcherera

Adalowetsedwa Arc kuwotcherera ndi zimakhalanso posachedwapa. njira zachokera kutchinjiriza zinthu chilengedwe kunja fluxes wapadera. Kamwazi ndi mtundu wa phala. The kaŵirikaŵiri ntchito nyerere-A zosiyanasiyana zosintha. The peculiarity wa njira tichipeza mu choona kuti kunali kotheka kwa kukwaniritsa bwino galasi latisi Kapangidwe kuposa pamene kuwotcherera mu chikhalidwe inert. Choncho, makamaka kotero ankachitira ndi titaniyamu. Kuwotcherera titaniyamu njira Sikuti amanyoza ntchito mbali.

Elekitironi mtengo kuwotcherera ali zovuta zambiri. Koma pali choonekera ntchito, zomwe kwathunthu kutetezedwa ku malo kunja zitsulo. Izi zimathandiza kuti kwambiri khalidwe galasi latisi. Pamene ndondomeko izi zikuchitika pa liwilo, kwambiri kuchepetsa mphamvu mwamphamvu ntchito anachita. Palinso zamagetsi-slag kuwotcherera, imene tsiku sanalandire kugawa moyenera. Maonekedwe ake tichipeza mu maelekitirodi ntchito za chuma mofanana welded pamwamba mu ndondomekoyi.

Pomaliza

Tsopano muli ndi chithunzithunzi cha zimene kuwotcherera. Titaniyamu inverter kuwotcherera chimene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ali ndi mikhalidwe yapadera. N'chifukwa chake ntchito kumene zitsulo abwino kapena zitsulo zina. Koma kukwera mtengo kwa zipangizo kuwotcherera, mphamvu mwamphamvu kwa ndondomekoyi, komanso zina zambiri zinthu zoipa subala chitukuko cha ntchito zitsulo zimenezi. Komabe, ena makampani mowirikiza kuyesera kuchita ngati kuli kotheka kuti kukhala kosavuta ndi sizivuta khalidwe china chotulutsa. Mwachitsanzo, mtsogoleri mu malonda zina ndi zolimba "Elf Villingen" - "Titan". Cold kuwotcherera ntchito kampani zimakhala zovuta yaitali. Inde, rookie simungakhoze kupirira ntchito imeneyi, koma katswiri adzakhala zosavuta kuchita ntchito yawo. Mwachidule, uwu ndi zonse zimene za kuwotcherera chitsulo monga titaniyamu.