Woyambitsa wa Mpingo Orthodox mu Japan, Japanese Nikolai: yonena, zithunzi

Pamaso Vanya Kasatkin nayamba kunyamula dzina la Japanese Nicholas, iye anali mwana wa dikoni wamba akumidzi ndi mabwenzi apamtima ndi ana a banja Skrydlovyh asilikali, dzina pafupi ndi kachisi bambo ake. abwenzi anamupempha zimene akufuna kukhala, ndipo nthawi yomweyo anaganiza kupita mu mapazi a bambo wake. Koma Ivan ankafuna kukhala yapamadzi. Komabe, maloto ake a bambo nyanja mosavuta ndi kumutumiza kuphunzira pa Theological Seminary wa Smolensk, ndipo kenako mmodzi wa ophunzira bwino ake pa ndalama zimene anthu osiyanasiyana azikaphunzira pa seminare mu St. Petersburg.

Mu mzinda uwu, ndipo tinakumana abwenzi mwana, Ivan ndi Leont Skrydlov, amene anakhala maphunziro a Naval Cadet Corps. Pa funso la chifukwa sanachite yapamadzi, Ivan anati, kuti aziyenda pa nyanja ndipo nyanja ndipo ngalawa mutha kukhala wansembe.

Japanese Nikolai: chiyambi

M'chaka chachinayi cha Theological Academy, Ivan kulengeza za Synod Woyera anamva kuti Russian lachifumu kazembe ku Japan muyenera wansembe. Kazembe wa Japan I. Goshkevich anaganiza bungwe mmishonale m'dziko lino, ngakhale pa nthawi imeneyo analipo loletsa okhwima Chikhristu.

Ivan ndi kumva za ntchito Chinese, ine ndimafuna kuti ndizitenge izo mu China, ndi kulalikira kwa Amitundu, ndi kulaka kale anapanga. Koma ndiye chidwi zake zachuluka ku China kuti Japan, pamene ankawerenga ndi chidwi chachikulu "mkulu Buku Golovin" mu ukapolo ku dziko lino.

Mu zoyambirira za 60 ntchentche za XIX m'ma Russia pansi Alexander II anafuna kutsitsimutsa, iyo inali nthawi ya kusintha kwakukulu ndi chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom. Chizolowezi umishonale kudziko lina.

maphunziro

Choncho, Ivan Kasatkin anayamba kukonzekera amishonale Japan. Mu 1860, June 24 tonsured mmonke ndi dzina Nicholas ndi Wonderworker polemekeza Great Nicholas. Patapita masiku 5 Yoswa dikoni, tsiku kenako - ansembe. Ndipo pa August 1, Hieromonk Nicholas pa zaka 24 anapita ku Japan. Iye ankafuna monga mkwatibwi wake kugona, zimene ziyenera kuutsa - ngati chithunzithunzi mu malingaliro ake. Pa Russian ngalawa "Amur" Atafika ku Japan. Mu Hakodate Kazembe Goshkevich anavomera.

Ngakhale m'dzikoli kwa zaka zoposa 200 chikhristu zinali zoletsedwa. Nicholas wa Japan zikutengedwa cholingacho. Choyamba, iye kuphunzira chinenero Japanese, chikhalidwe, chuma, mbiri, ndipo anapeza kuti kumasulira Chipangano Chatsopano. Zonsezi anatenga zaka 8.

zipatso

Zaka zitatu zoyambirira zinali iye koipa. Japanese Nikolai amayang'anitsitsa moyo wa Japanese, anapita akachisi Chibuda ndipo anamvetsera kwa alaliki.

Poyamba, anatengedwa kwa kazitape, ndipo ngakhale adatchithisira agalu pa iye, ndipo kuwopsezedwa kuti awapha asilikaliwo. Koma m'chaka chachinayi cha Nicholas wa Japan anapeza yoyambirira mwa mtima umodzi wake, kukhulupirira mwa Khristu. Icho chinali rector wa Shrine, Takuma Savabe. Patapita chaka chimodzi, iwo anaonekera m'bale wina, ndiye wina. Takuma ubatizo dzina Paulo, ndipo zaka khumi kenako anayamba woyamba Japanese Orthodox wansembe. Ulemerero izi iye anali choyesedwera lapansi.

Woyamba Akhristu Japanese

Ndalama zinali zolimba kwambiri. Bambo Nicholas zambiri anathandiza Goshkevich kazembe, amene anapereka ndalama kwa anthu a ndalama zawo, amene amangoona lotani kwa "ndalama zapadera". Mu 1868, kusintha zinachitika mu Japan: Akhristu Japanese watsopano anazunzidwa.

Mu 1869, Nicholas anapita ku St. Petersburg kuti tikwaniritse kutsegula kwa Utumwi. Izi anali kum'patsa ndi ufulu ka boma ndi chuma. Patapita zaka ziwiri anabwerera ku Mulingo wa Archimandrite ndi Chief wa Mission.

Mu 1872, ku Japan Nicholas afika kuthandiza mu nkhope ya maphunziro a Kiev Theological Academy - Hieromonk Anatoly (Kanthu). Ndi nthawi iyi mu Hakodate wakhala 50 Orthodox Japanese.

Tokyo

Ndipo ngakhale ndiye St. Nicholas wa Japan masamba onse m'manja mwa wansembe ndi bambo ake Paulo Savabe Anatolia ndipo anasamukira ku Tokyo. Apa iye anayenera kuyamba onse kachiwiri. Ndipo nthawi iyi izo zimatsegula kusukulu kwathu a chinenero cha Chirasha n'kuyamba kuwaphunzitsa Japanese.

Mu 1873, boma la Japan Priman malamulo okhudza ufulu wa kupembedza. sukulu Private posachedwa reorganized mu seminare, amene anali ndiwotani mwana wa bambo ake Nicholas (kupatula zamulungu pakhala anaphunzira zambiri amalanga zina).

Ndi 1879 kumeneko kale anali sukulu zingapo ku Tokyo: seminare, katekisimu, prichetnicheskoe ndi sukulu chinenero.

Pofika kumapeto kwa moyo wa bambo ake Nicholas Seminary analandira ku Japan udindo wa sukulu ya sekondale, ophunzira kwambiri amene kupitiriza maphunziro awo ku maphunziro Russian zamulungu.

Mu mpingo chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha okhulupirira mazana. Ndi 1900, chaka chinayi dera Orthodox kale anali Nagasaki, Hyogo, Kyoto ndi Yokohama.

Kachisi Nicholas wa Japan

Mu 1878 anayamba kumanga tchalitchi consular. Linamangidwa pa chikondi ndalama Russian wamalonda Petra Alekseeva, yapamadzi kale, "pamahatchi" chotengera. Pa nthawi imeneyo zinali kale 6 ansembe Japanese.

Koma Atate Nicholas akulakalaka Cathedral lapansi. Kulera ndalama zomangira nyumba chake watumidwa kudutsa Russia.

Mu 1880, March 30 hirotonisanom wansembe Nicholas anali mu Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

Pa sewero la mpingo tsogolo la Cathedral wa Kuukitsidwa mwa wamanga A. zomangira. Bambo Nicholas anagula dera pa phiri Kanda Suruga-DAI. Iye anamanga kachisi English wamanga Yoswa Conder zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo mu 1891 anamupereka mafungulo kwa atate wake Nicholas. kudzipereka panafika ansembe 19 ndi 4,000 okhulupirika. Mu anthu, kachisi ameneyu dzina lake "Nikolai-mmwamba."

sikelo yake kwa nyumba Japanese chinali chosangalatsa, komanso kuchuluka yonena za Nicholas wa Japan.

nkhondo

Mu 1904, chifukwa cha Chirasha Japanese nkhondo, kazembe wa dziko la Russia anasiya dziko. Nicholas wa Japan ndekha. Pa Japanese Orthodox chipongwe ndi kudedwa, Bishop Nicholas anaopseza chifukwa espionage. Iye anapitiriza kufotokoza poyera kuti Orthodoxy ndi osati chipembedzo Russian mitundu, ndi kukonda dziko lako - ndi woona ndi zachilengedwe kumverera kwa Mkhristu aliyense. Iye anatumiza pempho boma ku akachisi, amene anali Kwalamulidwa kupempherera chigonjetso cha asilikali a ku Japan. Choncho anaganiza lichotse Japanese zotsutsana Orthodox: kukhulupirira mwa Khristu ndipo kuti Japanese. Mwa njira imeneyi ankasunga Japanese Orthodox sitimayo. Mtima wake kuswa, ndipo sanatenge gawo mu kulambira, ndipo wina anali kupemphera pa guwa.

Ndiye ankasamalira akaidi Russian la nkhondo, limene linali kutha kwa nkhondo zoposa 70 sauzande.

Bishop Nicholas, osati zaka 25, iye anamverera mtima wake wamasomphenya imene yatsala mdima Russia. Kuzemba nkhani izi zonse, iye kumizidwa mu mabuku a mapemphero.

pa zaka 75 m'chaka cha 1912 February 16, anapereka moyo wake kwa Ambuye mu selo wa Cathedral wa Kuuka kwa Khristu. Chifukwa cha imfa - kulephera mtima. 265 Mipingo zinamangidwa theka zaka chifukwa cha ntchito yake anabweretsa 41 wansembe, 121 KATIKISIMU, 15 regents ndi 31.984 okhulupirika.

Wofanana Atumwi St Nicholas wa Japan anali canonized April 10, 1970.