Mu chaka chimene chinali chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom ku Russia

1861 - kuno ku chimene anali chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom mu Russia. deti limeneli chifukwa cha misonkhano zambiri ndi akuluakulu a boma, nzika, olemekezeka, anali ndi ubale mwachindunji kwa umwini wa anthu ndi zichokela ndalama zake kuchokera ntchito odetsedwa kapolo. The prerequisites kwa chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom anayamba zifukwa zingapo analenga zinthu za impasse andale ndi azachuma mu chitukuko cha Russia.

Ndi zotsatira chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom

Chifukwa chachikulu tinganene kuti kugonjetsedwa kwa Russian Ufumu wa Crimea nkhondo. zotsatira zake kwathunthu anavumbula backwardness la Russia ku mayiko a ku Ulaya mu chitukuko cha mafakitale, andale ndi asilikali utsogoleri wa dziko. Kuyambira kalekale anthu akhala akamayamba kufunika kusintha poyerekezera ndi anthu wamba ndi, makamaka, kusintha ntchito, ambiri anali wosewera chachikulu chitukuko cha kusintha ulimi. Nsonga ndi komishoni wapadera anawaika pa boma, lomwe anayamba chikalata amene anapereka ufulu serfs, kuti ndifotokoze ufulu wa eni zakale ndi dongosolo latsopano la moyo wa anthu wamba ndi chaka pafupi chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom.

Osati kwa ufulu wa mlimi wamba kumenya maganizo onse a boma ndi anthu ŵakusanga wa ufumu. Pakufunika ufulu anthu oti kwa makampani zitsulo, kumanga mizinda latsopano, ntchito yausilikali, potsiriza. Serfdom kukhale kovuta kugwiritsa ntchito osauka a. Utumiki wa mbuye wake, ndi processing minda yake ndi malo - kuti ndi zambiri serfdom ndi ana ake onse chilimwe yaitali. Mu chaka chimene linathetsedwa serfdom, m'chaka chomwecho kwa nthawi yoyamba mlimi anakumana ndi kusankha - chochita ndi ufulu, amene anali maloto nthawi yaitali chonchi? Kukhala malo bwino, ndipo anaphunziranso, kapena kupita pamodzi ndi olemera katundu anapeza pofunafuna moyo wabwino?

Deti la chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom - zikhalidwe latsopano la wamba ndi

Chaka chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom anali zotsatira pogwira ntchito ya kalavulagaga ndi mabuku. Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri February 19 1861 , yolembedwa ndi za malonjezano a chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom. Kodi chasintha kwa mlimi pafupifupi ndi banja lake pambuyo pa tsikulo? Kodi chaka anali chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom, m'chaka chomwecho ndipo chinaperekedwa kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo chitukuko dziko la zachuma ndi ganyu ntchito. The ankatha kukhala malo a lendi boma, mwininyumba kapena dziko mfulu, kulipira ntchito kapena ndalama ntchito zake. Kodi kugula dziko Komabe, pafupifupi palibe alimi sangakwanitse izo - mtengo wakhala sichikupezeka.

Gulitsani luso lanu anali zachilendo kwa osauka, nthaŵi zonse yonse ya mbuye wake. Mlandu chifukwa cha msonkhano uno, malonda kulowa zoyambira ambiri a zachuma msika - wasintha moyo wa anthu osauka, iye anayamba kusintha maganizo andale. Chimodzi mwa zotsatira chachikulu cha chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom tinganene kuti pakati pa anthu wamba zikamera atsogoleri andale kufotokoza za ufulu ndi udindo wa membala aliyense wa m'dongosolo latsopano - wogulitsa ndi wogula. Poyamba, ankatha alibe maganizo, tsopano anamvera, iye akanakhoza m'njira inayake nkhondo ang'ono awo koma ufulu wofanana. 1861 - tsiku, poyankha funso, kodi chaka anali chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom - izo chaka kulimbikitsa ndi kulemekeza autocracy. Alexander II analandira kwa anthu oyamikira wosatha ndi chikumbutso monga "mpulumutsi ndi mpulumutsi." Chiyembekezo chakuti a serfdom linapereka kuti chitukuko cha mafakitale-chitetezo zovuta ufumu, kusintha asilikali, chitukuko cha dziko latsopano ndi kusamuka kwa anthu ntchito, kulimbitsa ndi kulankhula m'matauni ndi m'midzi ndi kutenga nawo mbali pa zochitika ndi maganizo a wina ndi mzake.