Zolozera dziko: nanga?

Mwina aliyense kamodzi pa moyo wanga atamva akalozera lonse. Kodi n'chiyani? Pakuti ntchito? Amaonedwa akalozera padziko lonse? Awa ndi mafunso ena adzayankhidwa mu chimango cha pepala ichi.

zambiri

Choyamba, tiyeni tione zimene ali akalozera amaimira dziko. Chotero anaitana zizindikiro za kusintha mtengo wa gulu lina la sheya. Pa maziko zimene amaphatikizidwa? Ndi chitsanzochi, tikhoza kunena za mbiri katundu amene amaphatikizidwa pa mbali umodzi (mwini, makampani, ndi zina zotero). Pamene kukopedwa ndi index ena (kapena anaphunzira), zofunika kwambiri kuti aliyense wa masheya a inakhalapo. Chifukwa ichi, pa m'ndandanda wa m'matangadza ndi nsinga kuti zidalowa mwa iye, akhoza kuchitika kuphunzira zinthu pa msika. mfundo angathe kuchizidwa ngati munda yeniyeni, ndi chuma lonse. Mphamvu za index dziko amapereka umboni wa chitukuko onse, monga mmene amaganizira lonse ya mabizinezi, omwe kawirikawiri ofooka kwambiri chikugwirizana (kapena ayi Kubverana kwawo).

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya zizindikiro kulibe? Zolozera akhoza wachinsinsi ndi njira mawerengedwe, ndipo banja la wolemba. Mtundu uliwonse tidzakambirana payokha.

Ziwerengero wamkulu

Poyamba, tiyeni kukhudza masiku makedzana. Woyamba ambiri index analengedwa ndi Charles Dow kumbuyo mu 1884. Iwo masamu pamaziko ogwidwa 11 makampani opanga zoyendera amene anali kuperekedwa pa kuwombola US. izo redeveloped mu 1896 ndipo anayamba kusonyeza zilili ndi mophweka mabizinezi waukulu mafakitale wa United States of America.

Ndithu odziwika ndi S & P 500, yomwe imayang'ana makampani mazana asanu waukulu kwambiri US konse. Izo analengedwa mu 1923, koma Baibulo amakono anaonekera mu 1957. Awa awiri chifukwa molondola mkulu wa kukonzedwa deta mtima kuti akalozera zikuluzikulu padzikoli, ngakhale kuti kwenikweni lolunjika pa US. N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Popeza kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha makampani waukulu mu mfundo kuchuluka ali mu dera la United States. Chitsanzo chachikulu cha boma pa dziko lonse, ndipo akukankha ambiri chakuti Dow ndi S & P 500 kutchulidwa zolozera akuluakulu padziko lonse katundu, amene akusonyeza mumaganiza kuyambika.

N'chifukwa chiyani nawonso amafunika?

Ngati ife taganizirani zambiri, zolozera padziko lonse zizindikiro zomwe ndalama akhoza zimaonetsa okha liwiro ndi Utsogoleri wonse wa kampani ndi makampani ena kapena chuma. Yachokera pa kafukufuku awa kusankha kumene kuti aganyali nazo. Kusintha kudziwitsa za mmene zinthu zina.

Tiyeni tionenso mwachidule. Tiyeni tinene kuti pali kuwuka mu mitengo mafuta. Kuti mu nkhani iyi idzakhala pa katundu ndalama? Akuyamba kukula ndi mtengo wa makampani kuti wachotsa mafuta. Izi, kumene, chitsanzo lophweka ndi wosazindikira, koma amawathandiza kumvetsa zinthu zimene kulola ife kuweruza akalozera. Poyambirira, kudanenedwa za mitundu ya zolozera. Tiyeni tibwerere kwa iwo.

njira mawerengedwe

Wakale kwambiri pa kufufuza kwa zikutanthauza masamu. Ngati ife kulankhula za dziko akalozera katundu amene anagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, m'pofunika kutchula Dow Jones. Iye anali kuwerenga pa zolemeletsedwa mitengo avareji magawo a. Koma pa nthawi anakhala opanda ungwiro zoonekeratu njira imeneyi. Ambiri kwambiri ndekha tiyeni mukudziwa zimene kampani opangidwa nambala zosiyanasiyana magawo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, kwambiri pamfundo mwaimvetsa. Komabe, palinso ubwino, chifukwa zizindikiro ngati ali ophweka mawerengedwe ndi liwiro Poyankha kusinthasintha mu mitengo m'matangadza ndi kumangidwa. Chifukwa cha - pa isanayambike mavuto, izo kuphunzira mofulumira kwambiri.

Njira ina njira imeneyi ndi ntchito zolemeletsedwa mfundo masamu zikutanthauza. Mwachitsanzo, Phindu Line gulu Aithmetic Index. Pankhaniyi, mtengo pa gawo kuchulukitsa ndi koyefishienti ena lolingana cholowa mu mtengo okwana index lapansi.

Yotsirizira njira, amene anachira, - kufufuza kwa zikutanthauza zojambula. Mwachitsanzo, Ft 30.

Banja ndi opanga index

Mfundo imeneyi umayamba kwa zizindikiro, zimene masamu gulu limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, kumbukirani Standard & Osauka a mlingo bungwe, zomwe amaona osati 500 makampani waukulu, koma ngakhalenso mayiko. Muuzeni kuphana banja ndi munthu (NASDAQ, MICEX, RTS, DAX 100 zolozera ca mabungwe odziimira ndi ena ambiri). Ndi opanga anganene kuti akhale kachiwiri ndi bungwe komwe gulu loyenera chinkhoswe mu drafting awo. iwonso anapanga, ndi kuphana payekha.

Pomaliza

Akalozera World - chida chofunika kwa pakuika ntchito za chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu ndi mabungwe. Ngati ife kulankhula za udindo Russian, ndiye payenera kuunikila mbali ziwiri:

1. RF si dziko limene osewera kiyi zili padziko lonse.
2. Chifukwa malamulo a ziletso ndi Soviet European ndi United States pakhala njira yamakono, chimene, mabungwe mlingo ndi kuphana katundu ayamba kulenga zizindikiro atsopano, osati kuphatikizapo zinthu latsopano la Russia. Mwalamulo izo chipilala chojambulidwa kuteteza ndalama ku mphamvu ya m'dziko limenelo ndi kwayekha tsankho padziko lonse, ndipo ndalama ku chuma yowopsa.

Global zolozera kungakhale kothandiza ngakhale anthu amene okha kukonza kusonkhanitsa chuma chanu mbiri, m'tsogolo, adzatha ufulu moyo.