Aluntha ntchito. The ufulu zotsatira za ntchito aluntha

lamulo katundu ankaona kuti mtheradi. Komabe, si yekha malamulo gulu, amene amakhala mu njira iyi. Mtheradi kuonedwa kuti ndi ufulu nzeru katundu. Magulu awiriwa mwayi malamulo kusiyana kwambiri pakati pawo. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

ufulu nzeru katundu

The chifukwa cha ntchito zathupi zinthu mwachizolowezi. ntchito aluntha kuoneka ngati maganizo (maganizo a kulenga, wauzimu) Ntchito ya anthu m'munda wa sayansi, sayansi, luso, mabuku, luso mapulani. Mwanzeru ndiponso mozindikira aliyense amachita kuchita izi kapena ntchito zina ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, tinganene za compositor yosindikiza, ndi mabuku kulisindikiza. Nthawiyi, m'lingaliro malamulo ntchito aluntha si wofunika komanso kupanga. Iwo sikuti ndi kupanga mabuku ngati zinthu. ntchito aluntha kwenikweni ankaona kuti wauzimu. Zinachititsa, makamaka, ndi chilengedwe cha dongosolo abwino cilamulo mwa mwambo makamaka. The compositor omwewo, chifukwa kufunika ntchito zake zonse, koma kutchula abwino a ntchito aluntha. mwayi mwalamulo ntchito enshrined mu Constitution. Choncho ntchito akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Mkhalidwe Waukulu kwa kumbali ya zochita za kukhazikitsa. Ziribe kanthu m'dera zimene ntchito anthu - mafakitale kapena aluntha - zotsatira za ntchito yake, komanso iye sayenera kungapondereze ufulu ndi zofuna za ena. ntchito ayenera kunyamula chisomo cha anthu.

zinthu nzeru katundu

Monga awa mankhwala anatchula, malingana ndi chikhalidwe chawo luso, mabuku, kupambana kwa sayansi, kapangidwe mafakitale , ndi zina zotero. Pakuti aliyense chifukwa cha aluntha ntchito nkhani mikhalidwe yeniyeni ntchito ndi luso chitetezo. malamulo, mwa zina, amapereka dongosolo la chitetezo la olemba awo. Panthawiyi chitukuko cha ntchito aluntha anachititsa chizindikiritso ndi kaphatikizidwe zingapo zochititsa wamba wamba mankhwala ake onse.

chikhalidwe abwino

Ndi chibadidwe okha mankhwala a ntchito aluntha. The zotsatira za ntchito thupi alibe chikhalidwe abwino. sayansi ndi luso zinthu monga dongosolo ena siyana kapena mfundo. Luso ndi zolembalemba ntchito kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a dongosolo lapadera mafano pamodzi. Ndithudi, magulu awa onse chimaonetsera M'ndandanda, Alefa ndi zizindikiro zina, zizindikiro, phokoso, njira zithunzi. Nthawi zambiri, iwo kulibe ofalitsa chogwirika ndithu. Izi zikhoza kukhala pepala, thanthwe, film, chinsalu ndi zina zotero. Koma paokha iwo sindileka kukhala abwino. Ngati aliyense chinthu sanali chuma, katundu ntchito aluntha mulibe mawonekedwe a chirengedwe, iwo sali pansi depreciation, kuvala ndi misozi. Ndi chibadidwe yekha obsolescence.

Mmene siyana malamulo

Ufulu sangathe chimakhudza ubongo zikuchitika mu maganizo a anthu. Iwo ndi kulongosola za kufalitsa amafuna zolimbana. Pa nthawiyi, analibe mwayi ndi chikoka mwachindunji pa njira ganizo kuti zotsatira ndi zinthu za ntchito nzeru, chilango malamulo angathe ndithu kusonkhezera iwo. Izi zimatheka mwa chitukuko cha mitundu muyezo, amene amachitika chimango cha sayansi, luso ndi ena mitundu ya ntchito nzeru, komanso otetezeka malo awo okhazikika pa zinthu patentability cha ntchito zake.

njira individualization

malangizo wotetezedwa ufulu zotsatira za ntchito aluntha. Pamodzi ndi iwo ndiotetezedwa ndi individualization. Iwo zinthu monga mankhwala anthu ozindikira. Pali njira individualization misonkhano, mabungwe alamulo, mankhwala ntchito. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka, monga maina malonda, zotetezedwa, mayina a malo chiyambi cha mankhwala ndi zina zotero. Iwo ntchito mwa nzika yapachiweniweni zolowa kwa Makonda okha ndi ntchito zawo, katundu, ntchito. Mtengo waukulu njira individualization, kudalira ntchito za sayansi, luso, zojambulajambula, zolembalemba, ndi zina, zoona, osati mwa iwo okha, koma luso logwiritsa ntchito iwo kulenga wathanzi malo mpikisano kudzera zosiyanasiyana za amalonda munthu ndi zinthu zimene iwo amapanga ntchito iwo amachita, kapena mabungwe a iwo kupereka. Komanso, pomwe yekha kudzera mwa individualization si mwalamulo lokhazikika kwa mapulogalamu ndi (mlengi, mwachitsanzo), koma kwa nkhaniyi, amene mayina dzina lake.

mtengo

Chikhalidwe yabwino mankhwala aluntha katundu si zimasonyeza kwachabechabe kapena kudzipatula ntchito maganizo kuchokera yopanga zinthu komanso mfundo zina zofunika kwa anthu. sayansi ndi luso Mwachitsanzo, amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha ntchito kothandiza kwambiri zachilengedwe kuti athandize anthu. Kamangidwe, luso, mabuku ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa ndondomeko ya mapangidwe dziko lauzimu la anthu. Zinthu zamalonda masiku ano, ntchito yotakata yake pa zinthu za ntchito maganizo kumathandiza kuti ntchito za bizinesi, Kupikisana ndi khalidwe la misonkhano ndi mankhwala. Mwalamulo kumanga mphamvu kusamalira, adzalandira, ntchito, zitsanzo zothandiza, zoyambitsidwa, zochita mafakitale, zizindikiro malonda ndi zina kalembedwe wakhala yofunika zikuluzikulu za chuma chosaoneka ndi maso a gulu ntchito iliyonse. Pamodzi ndi makhalidwe ena, iwo akhoza padera malonda ndi mitundu ina ya moyo chikhalidwe. Chilamulo Katundu zotsatira ntchito maganizo amathanso kukhala chopereka ku likulu la malonda mgwirizano kapena kucheza ena.

thandizo zolimbana

A mbali yofunika kutchukitsa zinthu chitetezo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aluntha ntchito limabweretsa malamulo a boma. Ngakhale kuti alibe luso chimakhudza ndondomeko ya ntchito ichi, kungatithandize zabwino bungwe la asapita kugwirizana ndi chitetezo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zake. ufulu yekha, kumachita ngati chikhazikitso malamulo, kuchita ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ulamuliro wapadera mankhwala aluntha ntchito.
2. Attribution zotsatira za ntchito aluntha.
3. Makhalidwe ndi zinthu zolimbikitsa.
4. Kuteteza zofuna za olemba, olemba ntchito anzawo ndi mabungwe ena kuti tipeze ufulu yekha.

Chofunikanso

Attribution Mwina sikukutanthauza chonse cha ntchito mankhwala. Khalidwe choyamba, mwachitsanzo, wa zolembalemba, zojambulajambula, sayansi ndi zina zotero. Khalidwe lachiwiri chifukwa chopanga mafakitale, zitsanzo zofunikira ndi zoyambitsidwa. Ufulu yekha kukhazikitsa ulamuliro wapadera wa ntchito wa ntchito aluntha. Izo zimatengera amene ali ndi kuthekera malamulo ntchito kuti zochita zawo, ndipo ndani. Iwo amapereka wamupempha olemba a sayansi, zolembalemba, ndi zina ntchito, okonza, woyamba ndi mabwana awo ndi nkhani zina za ufulu chuma ndipo sanali chuma payekha, kukhazikitsa njira ndi njira chitetezo awo.

Pomaliza

Malamulo onse omwe alipo osati HA, koma m'malamulo ena, makamaka atathana kupanga mabungwe alamulo, zimene kafukufuku, chitukuko, ndi zisudzo, mabuku, ndi ntchito zina aluntha n'kofunika. Machitidwe malamulo monga anatsimikiza mtima dongosolo la chilengedwe katundu osiyana, malamulo a ziŵalo ndi liquidation. Nthawi zina, kupereka bwino gulu la options yekha ndi kampani malamulo, malamulo monenetsa limatitsimikizira kuti olemba ntchito Mwachitsanzo, si olumikizidwa kwa umwini wa chinthu chimene chimaoneka.