Amphora - ichi ... The kukula ndi mitundu ya amphorae

Amphora - wapadera wa cookware kuti walandira ambiri Greece ndi Rome. Amphorae kubwera mu zazikulu ndi zooneka mosiyanasiyana. Komanso, kugwira chizindikiro yeniyeni. Ndi chiyani icho? Izi adzaphunzilanso pa nkhani imeneyi.

Amphora - ndi ...

Choyamba, muyenera kuti adzaone zomwe ndi amphora?

Tanthauzo la mawu amphora ndi chidwi kwambiri. Kuchokera Greek likumasuliridwa kuti "chidebe ndi amangomvera awiri."

Amphora - chotengera wapadera elongated chogwiririra ndi mbali zonse. Nthawi zambiri pansi pa amphorae conical, ananena. chuma chimene anapanga utensil limeneli kalelo, makamaka dongo. Pasanathe ambiri, pali amphora zamkuwa.

Mu Greece ndi Rome, amphoras ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, iwo ntchito:

• monga chidebe cha kasungidwe mankhwala madzi (osiyanasiyana mafuta, vinyo, mkaka, madzi kapena uchi);
• monga mphoto chifukwa cha chigonjetso masewera;
• monga urns maliro kapena unsembe pa n'chodabwitsa kumanda.

Makulidwe a amphorae akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Ambiri, iwo ali malita 5 mpaka 50 a madzi. Ndipo wakale Greece amphora (amene buku anali 26,03 malita) ngakhale ntchito ngati amodzi - mawu achigiriki "talente".

gulu la amphorae

Heinrich Dressel - ndi German katswiri ndi katswiriyo amene chabe chinkhoswe mu kuphunzira amphorae wakale. Pansipa mukhoza kuona mmene munthu ndinayang'ana. Makamaka, iye anayamba kufanizitsa mwatsatanetsatane amphorae wakale. Ofufuza zoweta chidwi chopereka kuphunzira izi mtundu wa mbale anapanga katswiriyo Sergei Monakhov.

Mu m'ndandanda wake (lofalitsidwa mu 1899 ku Germany) Heinrich Dressel anayambitsa mitundu 45 amphorae Roma. Iye anali kudziwa m'badwo wa aliyense wa iwo. Anamuthandiza mayina a nthumwi, amene nthawi zambiri zimene zimasindikizidwa amphorae onse. Dziwani kuti Dressel gulu ntchito kufikira tsopano, pamene kuli kofunikira kuti asankhe makamaka zokumbidwa pansi.

Woyamba 6 mitundu mu kufanizitsa Dressel - ndi amphora Roma cha vinyo. Pachibwenzi kumbuyo kwa Ine St. BC. e. - II luso. N. e. Amphora 7 TH kuti TH 12 Directory - izo ndi ziwiya Spanish kwa kusungiramo nsomba. Komanso German wasayansi m'ndandanda kale Patapita nthawi amphora, zapakati zaka III kapena ngakhale patapita.

Greek amphora - chizindikiro cha moyo ndi imfa

Amphora amaimira moyo ndi imfa. Izi zingakhale bwanji?

Tsiku lina, pa zofukulidwa wa Chersonesos - wakale mzinda Greek mu Crimea, apeza ndi amphorae zachilendo, omwe anali kuikidwa zotsalira za ana. Choncho, zotengera kalelo anasewera mbali ya mabokosi. Komanso, manda akuluakulu komanso Nthawi zambiri wokwera pamwamba pa amphora ndi.

Komano, Greek amphora limaimira m'mimba wamkazi. Komanso, mwadala anapatsa makhalidwe wamkazi. Choncho, ngakhale zinthu amphora anafotokozedwa motere: khosi, thunthu, miyendo ndi manja. Ndipo anapatsidwa mayina amenewa amphora si mwangozi.

Choncho, Amphora - chotengera chosonyeza chikhulupiriro komanso moyo ndi imfa.

Kodi ndi mmene kupeza amphora wakale?

zofukulidwa m'mabwinja imachitika nthawi zonse ndipo mu madera osiyana a dziko lathuli. Pa zofukulidwa izi nthawi zambiri amapezeka zakale zosiyanasiyana zamtengo wapatali, kuphatikizapo amphorae wakale.

zotengera wakale napeza pa mtunda ndi pa madzi. Mbali yoyamba, ntchito zipangizo zapadera pofukula: mafosholo ndi burashi lapansi. Pakuti akulimbana kufufuza zitsulo amphora ntchito zitsulo zoyesera kapena wotchedwa magnetometers amatsatira kusintha maginito Mitundu enaake. Mwa njira, ambiri a amphorae dongo sapeza zawo maginito, chifukwa dongo mu ndondomeko ya mfuti amalandira wambirimbiri chitsulo oxidized.

Kuchokera mu kuya kwa nyanja kudzatithandiza kuukitsa amphora padziko mpweya yachibadwa. Pa nyanja pali lonse "manda" zimene munthu mbiya wakale. Iwo akhoza kupangidwa mwina chifukwa cha kugwa kwa ngalawayo ndi katundu amenewa, kapena basi kutaya ntchito amphorae m'nyanja. Lang'anani amphorae kuonekera pa pansi pa nyanja yakuya.

Mu wathu masiku, akatswiri zambiri amphorae pambuyo pa madzi a Black, Adriatic ndi nyanja ya Mediterranean. Magwero a amphorae awa, ambiri wakale Greek, Roman ndi Foinike.

Pomaliza ...

Choncho, amphora - si mchitidwe wa mbiya wakale. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito osati kwa yosungirako chakudya. Akatswiriwa mobwerezabwereza anapeza Roma kapena Greek amphora munali phulusa la akufa, ndipo ngakhale m'manda mu makanda izi.

Ancient amphorae anapangidwa kuchokera ku dothi, kawirikawiri matabwa kapena ena zitsulo. Clay amphorae kuumbidwa ndi dzanja. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa chokongoletsedwa ndi zojambula, zokometsera kapena Zojambula yeniyeni. Lero, akatswiriwa anapeza amphorae ambiri wakale, amene ali zakale chofunika kwambiri chikhalidwe makamaka kapena nyengo mbiri.