Malinga ndi malamulo a mayikowo, ukapolo zambiri - izi ndi disadvantageous kwambiri pangano limodzi mwa magulu, zawozo zikuphwanya ufulu wake nayikapo izo m'mikhalidwe amene amapatula ufulu wosankha. Article 179 la Civil Code la Russia ananena kuti tagwirizana, monga ulamuliro, kukuchitika mchikakamizo cha nkhanza, chinyengo, kuwaopseza, njiru oimira kuipitsidwa pa dzanja limodzi ndi zina zovuta. Pa nthawi yomweyo, pansi amanena woberedwa, bwalo angavomereze muukapolo ndikupeleka yosagwira ntchito.
Pofotokoza maganizo "ukapolo zambiri", maloya ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi za izo:
- wozunzidwayo anapanga zambiri amakakamizidwa chifukwa cha zinthu wosiyana;
- chipani ena ndikupeleka wakhala akudziŵa bwino mmene zinthu zilili ndi wovulalayo ndipo anayesa kupiphatisa phindu lawo;
- tagwirizana ndi disadvantageous kwambiri wovulalayo.
Pokhapokha ngati pali umboni wa izi ndikupeleka wamba akhoza anatsutsa kukhoti. Ndipotu, wozunzidwa kubweretsa mfundo kukhoti azikhala kuli ena ndikupeleka 3 pamwamba mavuto. Mchitidwe, nayenso, zikusonyeza kuti kusankha zabwino deta zonena - ndi mukusoŵa. Koma ngati disadvantageous kwambiri a mgwirizano wina wa zipani chikugwirizana ndi umbuli wake, kupanda kuzindikira ngakhale kuwolowa manja, kugula otere si ovuta. Lingaliro la "ukapolo zambiri" kubwera ndi wotuluka achinyengo. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti malamulo Russian amapereka udindo wachifwamba nkhani ya kukakamiza kuti achite ndikupeleka makamaka kapena kusiya izo pansi pa kuwopsyeza kwa nkhanza kapena kuwononga katundu wina. Izi zikuphatikizapo kufalitsa nkhani prejudicial za ufulu ndi zofuna za wolakwiridwa ndiponso banja lake.
Koma mu mchitidwe milandu sanabadwe anayamba malo ofanana pa ntchito Art. 179, limafotokoza ndikupeleka onerous. Pamaso maloya nthawi zonse kumabweretsa mafunso otsatirawa:
- Kodi zochitika zikhoza kuonedwa akuluakulu okhudza nkhani imeneyo (insolvency, matenda, etc.)?
- Kodi kuipa a muyezo munthu anali wamaliseche chiyani?
- Kodi zizindikiro amasonyeza chikhulupiriro zoipa Komano?
Chitsanzo ambiri muukapolo ndikupeleka - ndi malonda a dziko kapena nyumba ngongole. Komanso, nthawi zambiri ukapolo ndikupeleka amapereka mlingo kwambiri mkulu chidwi ntchito ndalama. Ngati iwowo anamuzindikira monga akapolo, chipani ena udzabwerera kwa zonse wovulalayo analandira mwa iwo chifukwa cha iwowo. Ngati kumene analandira sangathe anabwerera mu mtundu, phindu lake adzakhala kulipidwa ndalama. Ngakhale kuti ankayendetsa onerous anapangidwa zambiri, Art. 179 n'chosoŵa kuchita. Nthawi zambiri anthu amene akhudzidwa abwezeretse ufulu wawo Kuthi chigawenga, amene kwambiri zimatithandiza njira awiri. Mu zochitika zina, si kophweka kupeza zifukwa kulepheretsa wa pangano.