Anthu a dziko. List ndi mlingo

Inu mukudziwa mmene anthu ambiri m'dzikoli? Mwina, ochepa akhoza molondola funso limeneli, ngakhale pakati pa ophunzira ndi mbiri yakale. anaima 194 wa dziko mu Russia yekha (mndandanda kumapitirirabe). anthu onse padziko lapansi zosiyana, ndipo iyi ndi Akhudza.

General gulu

Ndithudi, zonse chidwi deta kachulukidwe. Ngati inu kusonkhanitsa anthu onse a dziko, mndandanda zambiri. Zimakhala zosavuta kuti m'kagulu malinga ndi muyezo winawake. Choyamba, zachitika malingana chinenero chimene chinkalankhulidwa ndi anthu mkati gawo lawo, kapena ena miyambo. Ngakhale zambiri zowombetsa mkota gulu - mabanja chinenero.

Apa iwo adzapeza mosavuta. Ankaona kuti mu dziko, kuti mabanja chinenero 20. Zikuphatikizapo anthu osiyanasiyana (kupatula Russia). Mndandanda wa gulu ambiri motere:

1. The m'mayiko a European banja chinenero. Iwo amalankhula chinenero ofanana mitundu 150 amene rasbrosany pafupifupi lonse Asia ndi ku Ulaya. Anthu ndi 2,8 milliard anthu.
2. Gulu lachiwiri - ndi Sino-Chitibeta banja. Ndi pafupifupi onse anthu a China ndi mphero pafupi. Okwana pali 1.4 milliard anthu a m'gulu limeneli chinenero.
3. Afro-muthu banja chimagwirizanitsa anthu Arab ndi mitundu ya South-West Asia ndi Africa North.
4. Niger-Kordofanian banja - ndi pafupifupi zonse mitundu ya anthu a Pakati ndi Kumwera kwa Africa.

Tidzapulumutsidwe zaka

Fuko lirilonse, ziribe kanthu zomwe nkhani yake munjira ina iliyonse pofuna kuonetsa kuti makolo awo anamanga nsanja ya Babele. Aliyense okweza kuganiza kuti iye ndi wachibale mizu, omwe ndi ochokera mu nthawi mpaka kutali. Koma pali mitundu wakale wa dziko (mndandanda Ufumuyo), mmene mbiri isanayambe amene si chikaiko kwa aliyense.

1. Koysantsy. N'zosadabwitsa kuti izi mtundu malochislenny African mu dziko akale kwambiri. Majini wa anthu awa, asayansi atulukira kuti DNA wapadera chosiyana ndi zina. Anthu oposa 100 zikwi. Zaka zimenezi.
2. Basques. (9-10 zikwi. BC. Oe). Awa anali woyamba m'mayiko a azungu amene anabwera ndi gawo la Europe ndi sadzasiya izo mpaka pano.
3. Chinese (4-5 zikwi. BC. E.). Likulu la chitukuko dziko anabadwa pa magombe a pa Yellow Mtsinje, ndi mitundu ina wakale wa dziko (mndandanda inu mukuona) ndipo monga iwo.
4. Asuri (4-3 zikwi. BC. E.). Ufumu yoyamba m'mbiri ya anthu imatengedwa Asuri, ndi kuti anthu amenewa ali pa malo chachinayi.
5. Ethiopia (3 zikwi. BC. E.). Ngakhale Aiguputo anakhulupirira awo makolo awo.
6. Ayuda (2-1 zikwi. BC. E.). anthu Amazing, amene kwa zaka anali yosadalira m'gawo lake, koma anakwanitsa kusunga miyambo ndi chikhalidwe.

mitundu Major

Padziko Lapansi, ambiri a anthu aakulu, ndi zina mizu zakale. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu 330 dziko zilipo anthu miliyoni. Koma zimenezi, pamene anthu oposa 100 miliyoni (aliyense) - chabe khumi. Taonani mndandanda wa mitundu ya anthu padziko lonse:

1. Chinese - anthu miliyoni 1,17.
2. Hindustanis - anthu mamiliyoni 265.
3. Bengalis - anthu mamiliyoni 225.
4. American (USA) - anthu 200 miliyoni.
5. Brazil - anthu mamiliyoni 175.
6. Russian - anthu 140 miliyoni.
7. Japanese - anthu mamiliyoni 125.
8. Punjabis - anthu mamiliyoni 115.
9. Biharis - anthu mamiliyoni 115.
10. Mexico - anthu mamiliyoni 105.
11. Chijavanisi - anthu mamiliyoni 105.

Kugwirizana kwa Anthu Osiyana

Wina gulu Mbali kuti amalola kusiyanitsa alionse padziko lonse, ali mu mafuko atatu aakulu. Iwo Caucasus, Mongoloid ndi Negroid. Olemba mbiri ena Western, akatswiri apeza pang'ono, koma mtundu akadali zitsulo lachokera ku zitatu.

Masiku ano pali ambiri a mitundu kukhudzana. Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti pali mitundu yatsopano ya dziko. Mndandanda sanabadwe anapatsidwa asayansi, kwa gulu molondola palibe amene anachita. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo. mitundu Ural linachokera ku kusanganikirana ena nthambi ya North Caucasians ndi North Mongoloids. Anthu onse a South Asian chilumba anatuluka pa ubwenzi Mongoloids ndi Australoids.

magulu pangozi fuko

Padziko Lapansi, pali anthu a dziko (mndandanda Ufumuyo), analipo anthu mazana angapo. Izi pangozi mafuko amene akuyesetsa kukhala chizindikiro chawo mwini.

1. Liwa. Kukhala Latvia m'zaka za m'ma 12. Tsopano palibe oposa 280 nthumwi. Poyamba iwo anali ngakhale chinenero, koma tsopano iyiwalika.
2. Tsaatans. Mu Mongolia amaganiza kuti mtundu gulu kuti anapulumuka weniweni chinsinsi cha mizimu. Phunzirani akhoza kukhala mmodzi wa anthu 200.
3. Cocopa. Malo fuko - malire pakati Mexico ndi United States. Oimira kakang'ono - pafupifupi 300 anthu.
4. Huaorani anthu. Anthu a fuko limeneli moyo mu Ecuador. Modziwika otsika kukula. Ngakhale anthu saposa 150 cm.
5. Mursi. Wakuda African fuko, amene angapezeke pa anawonjezera mlomo wa mmunsi. Ndi kuthetsa tichipeza 7.5 zikwi. Man.
6. Nenets. Anthuwa odziwika mu Russia. Koma, tsoka, chikhalidwe wosanganiza alionse amatsogolera atheretu wathunthu wa makhalidwe akale. Pali 45 chikwi. Man.
7. Ladakhi. Anthu okhawo mu dziko, kulalikira polyandry (mkazi ali ndi anthu ochepa). Mu mapiri a Tibet anakhalabe zikwi 50. Man.

anapezazo

Lingaliro la "anthu" angathe kutanthauziridwa mu njira zosiyanasiyana. Ena azenga kuti anthu mwa boma, pamene ena afunitsa mfundo yakuti palibe kanthu kumene anthu amakhala, bola ngati ena awo ophatikizana makhalidwe wamba amene amaonetsera iwo monga thupi limodzi magwero a mbiri. Enanso adzakhala kuganiza kuti anthu - ichi fuko, amene anakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri, koma achotsa zaka. Mulimonsemo, anthu onse mu dziko ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi kuphunzira iwo ndi zosangalatsa.