Tilia cordata: kufotokoza, Latin dzina

Tillet mtima woboola pakati - chomera zofala zimene zili m'gulu la banja Malvaceae. Mpaka nthawi zina ndi mtengo wa banja palokha ya laimu.

The wakale Asilavo linden mtengo ankaona chizindikiro cha chikondi ndi kukongola, ndi kumadzulo kwa Ulaya - woyang'anirayo ya moto banja. Nyimbo anapanga therefrom padziko akachisi ndi matchalitchi. Kuyatsa nkhuni zinasonyeza kuti anali chokhumudwitsa chachikulu. ziwalo zanga zonse anali kuigwiritsa ntchito pa mankhwala. Tilia cordata anali uchi ndi zopangira gwero kupanga ziwiya zosiyanasiyana ndi katundu wa m'nyumba.

Dzina la mtengo

Mu zaka laimu mtengo wotchedwa lubnyak, Lychnikov ndi Mochalnikov. ethnonyms anthu amenewa chifukwa cha zipangizo zimene choperekedwa makungwa. Lub - gawo la kotekisi, anali kuwapeza amene makungwa ndi bast. Russian ethnonym womangidwa kwa mawu wakale "Lipatov" kutanthauza "ndodo". masamba Young ndi madzi atsopano a mtengo ndi amate.

mawu lachokera ku ziwiri Latin dzina Tilia cordata Tilia cordata. Pachokera generic dzina la mtengo anali Greek mawu ptilon (kusinthidwa mu tilia), likumasuliridwa kuti "mapiko" kapena "cholembera". Mwachindunji zogwirizana ndi masamba phiko-bracts, amene anaphatikizidwa kukwera lapansi. Ndi dzina la mitundu mbewu womangidwa mawonekedwe a masamba, chokhala mumtima. Iwo zichokela ku Latin cordata - «mtima».

m'dera

Malo a ku Ulaya ndi zigawo moyandikana wa Asia osankhidwa ndi Tilia cordata kuti anthu akhalemo. Iye anagwira madera akuluakulu mu Russian nkhalango steppe mabacteria. Pali pali tizilumba tina ndi laimu magulu woyera. Chachikulu choyera linden anachedwa ya maiko a Urals kum'mwera. M'madera ena, iwo anakwanitsa analanda lalikulu yaing'ono.

Kwenikweni linden Chimakula ndi wodetsedwa kwa kukula katundu broadleaf ndi nkhalango losanganikirana. Amapezeka osakaniza ndi thundu. Nthawi zambiri linden kukula mu gawo lachiwiri la thundu ndipo nkhalango coniferous-deciduous. zidutswa munthu umakhala kumadzulo Siberia. Apa malo kumathera malire m'munsi mwa Irtysh mtsinje, pa gombe. Ambiri linden opezeka Urals ndi madera oyandikana European.

zachilengedwe

Wood wovuta pa chonde. Iwo sangakhoze kuima waterlogging, koma mthunzi-ololera. m'tchire laimu excellently anayamba mu gawo lachiwiri, pansi pa mthunzi kuponyedwa ndi spruce wandiweyani. Mitengo kukula korona mwanaalirenji ndi masamba wolemera, amene amapereka mthunzi wandiweyani. Pansi denga ngati simungathe kukula kuchuluka kwa zitsamba ndi mitengo.

Popeza linden mtima gasi kulimbana ndi opondapo, chifukwa aumbike mwa kakwamba ambiri m'tawuni. Mumsewu kulenga laimu njira. M'mapaki ndi mabwalo Momasuka anapanga gulu ndi payekha chiphunzitso. Nkokoma kuti kakwamba msewu.

Malo m'tawuni si chabe-Ndalankhula laimu, koma wachibale wake wapafupi. Lipu krupnolistuyu, mbadwa kuchigawo chapakati ku Ulaya, anawonjezera zosiyanasiyana mizinda ankafika. Mitengo zowawa akorona lalikulu tsitsi.

achibale

M'mayiko a ku Far East pali mitundu iwiri ya linden - Amur ndi Manchurian. Iwo chibadidwe mankhwala katundu ndi kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe a mtima linden. Linden krupnolistoy taonera kale maluwa. Mtengo wa masamba ndi maluwa ake kuposa achibale.

mafotokozedwe kwachilengedwenso

Lipa amatanthauza mitengo deciduous. makungwa wochepa aposa ndi akorona lonse shatrovidnymi kukula kwa kutalika mamita 20-38. Young linden mtengo yokutidwa ndi yosalala bulauni khungwa. Akale makungwa topsheet zakuda imvi pa mitengo ikuluikulu lili ndi ming'alu kwambiri pakati.

Chomera ali ndi mizu yolimba. taproot ake amphamvu likulowerera kwambiri mu nthaka, kupereka mtengo mkulu mphepo kukana.

Njira, mtima woboola pakati, wotengedwa pamwamba pa cusp masamba yatcheredwa Tilia cordata. mafotokozedwe awo sikuthetsa kumeneko. M'litali ndi m'lifupi masamba zosiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana 2-8 masentimita. mphukira Coppice ataphimbidwa ndi masamba lalikulu, kukula ukufika 12 masentimita.

Serrulate kuchokera konsekonse mbale yakuthwa veining. maliseche awo chapamwamba mithunzi wobiriwira, ndipo pansi bluish, mbwee mitsempha chikasu bulauni tsitsi anasonkhana mu mitolo. Mu petioles yaitali tsamba tomentose chilimwe mtundu wobiriwira, m'dzinja - wofiira. Masamba linden pachimake mochedwa kwambiri. korona wake wobiriwira mpaka mapeto a May, ndipo ngakhale oyambirira June. mitengo Only kuvala masamba linden ina.

Onunkhira maluwa a linden mtima utoto malankhulidwe chikasu ndi woyera. awiri awo alibe upambana centimeter wina. Iwo asonkhana mu mitolo zidutswa 3-15 kupanga corymbose inflorescences Ufumuyo kwa Kamaoneka-chikasu bracts lanceolate tsamba limene theka la utali merges ndi olamulira a inflorescence.

Calyx mu pyatilistnaya maluwa, corolla - pyatilepestny, ndi stamens ambiri. Mu pyatignezdovaya pistil n'kuwasanganiza, lalifupi ndi unakhuthala ndime 5 stigmas. Maluwa kumayambira July oyambirira (nthawizina kumapeto June). Mitengo pachimake kwa masabata 2-3. tizilombo zosiyanasiyana mungu Tilia cordata.

mafotokozedwe botanical chipatso ichi cha mtengo uli chochititsa chidwi. zipatso imatchedwa linden mtedza. Iwo ali mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi awiri a 4-8 mm. Mankhusu ting'onoting'ono mtedza woonda ndi wosalimba. Mtedza zipse mu September ndipo anayamba kutha ndi kubera yozizira, pamene korona ndi adachitira kwathunthu.

zipatso lonse kugwa masamba. Sadzachitanso wokhudza chisanu, iwo anakhudzidwa ndi mphepo, zikuuluka kupita patali. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene chisanu m'firiji pamtunda ndi tikaumbike, kukokana yazokonza pansi. Mapesi okonzeka ndi kupalasa ndi - bracts tsamba, yotengekatengeka ndi mphepo ikuwomba kudutsa kutumphuka achisanu, ngati gliders ting'onoting'ono.

kubalana

Mu chikhalidwe, mtengo wakonda kubereka vegetatively. Akufotokozera ku tizilombo ta ndi mphukira chopondapo. Chochuluka linden mtengo kumbali zayamba anafotokoza za chiyambi kukula yachiwiri.

Koma osati chabe pa mitengo umatulutsa zipatso osawerengeka, mtedza. Lipa sanachite mantha mbewu kusinthika. nkhalango nthawi utakula ku mmera wake mbewu. Kumvetsa kuti nyongolosi ya masamba awiri kwambiri kuligaŵa ndi laimu kumeneko, kulizindikira. masamba awa sizikuwoneka ngati anthu pamodzi korona.

Growth mochedwa mu mbande laimu. mathamangitsidwe ake mfundo zaka zisanu moyo tchire. Kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi laimu mtengo ikukula mofulumira, ndiyeno ngati transfixed. Ndi zaka 130-150 izo akuyesetsa malire kukula Umasiya kuonjezera kutalika.

Komabe, sikuti ntchito kwa thunthu ndi korona m'lifupi. Iwo kupitiriza kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa zaka zambiri. Tilia cordata - kuleza chiwindi. Mitengo moyo zaka 300-400. makope a chidina ndi moyo mpaka zaka 600.

mipweya

Onunkhira linden maluwa zimalimbikitsa flavonoids, tannins, carotene, saponins. Iwo ali vitamini C, shuga ndi mafuta n'kofunika. The bracts anapeza ntchofu tannins. Laimu makungwa wolemera triterpenoid tiliadinom.

Zipatso za mtengo-mtedza ali olemera mu mafuta mafuta. The mtedza ndende zake wakudza 60%. Khalidwe la mafuta ndi mkulu, si otsika mtengo wa azitona. Kukoma kwake wa amondi kapena pichesi batala. Monga mbali ya timapepala ta opezeka chakudya, ntchofu, carotene ndi vitamini C.

mankhwala

Tilia cordata amatanthauza gulu la zomera mankhwala ndi kuwala spasmolytic, sekretoliticheskim, diaphoretic ndi kanthu diuretic. Laimu mtundu khalidwe diaphoretic, odana ndi yotupa, sedative, antipyretic ndi diuretic zotsatira pa thupi la munthu.

amachiritsa matenda

Lipa relieves malungo, chimfine, kutupa zokhudzana pakhosi ndi bronchi. Izo ntchito ndi fuluwenza, zilonda zapakhosi, TB ndi mumps. Laimu infusions anazindikira monga mankhwala abwino kwambiri cystitis ndi pyelonephritis. Zikomo ndi decoction wa maluwa zouma kuchotsa colic matumbo, atherosclerosis.

Pa zilonda amalowerera compresses, amene ntchito masamba, maluwa ndi masamba. Tilia cordata wapatsidwa zotsatira sedative. Zikomo kwa iye, kuchepetsa magazi kukhuthala. Zipatso, mtedza ntchito kuti magazi asiye kutuluka. Olamitsa amayaka kwambiri. Iwo asapasana ndi mastitis, gout ndi zotupa.

Calcined ndi wophwanyika matabwa kuthetsa bloating, kuthetsa poizoni. Laimu phula kuchitira chikanga. Infusions maluwa yabodza tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa amene wolemedwa ndi matenda a shuga.

Laimu Blossom - odzola kwambiri. Infusions ndi decoctions zake, zimalimbikitsa zovuta mankhwala biologically yogwira, kulimbitsa tsitsi, kuchotsa thukuta, woyeretsedwa ndi pansi khungu.