Mu chaka chiyani kuukira inkachitika mu Budennovsk?

Uchigawenga - ndi choipa chachikulu kuti kale zinapha anthu masauzande ambiri. Dziko lathu zodabwitsazi mu mawonekedwe ake oyipa kwambiri ndi chachikulu nawo pa zaka 90 Mu zaka zapitazo. Kufikira tsopano, anthu mamiliyoni Russia akadali atsopano mu okumbukira zochitika Chechnya ndi kuzungulira ilo, monga Zigawenga mu chipatala cha Budennovsk.

prehistory

Chakumapeto 1994, asilikali Russian anapezerapo ntchito kwa kungafooketse magulu okhala ndi zida ntchito mwa Chechnya. Poyankha zimenezi analenga opandukawo gulu kutsogoleredwa ndi Basayev ndi mabomba adagula ndi mfuti.

Ulendowu unali kuchita mndandanda wa cholimbana mabungwe ndi anthu a m'deralo. Kusankha kuukira yeniyeni mizinda ya ku Russia. gulu anali m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, omwe afika ntchito yake.

Ulendo, ntchito monga chida cha kukakamiza akuluakulu a boma kuti akagwire ambiri Anagwiranso Motero kumenyera ufulu wa Republic Chechen ndi kupatukana kwake kwathunthu ku Russia. The Budyonnovsk anasankhidwa kukhala mmodzi wa mipherezero zazikulu kuukira. Zigawenga kuukira (chithunzi anatengedwa kuchokera powonekera, onani. Mmunsimu) wakhala mosamalitsa, ndi zochitika zonse za ndale komanso zinthu zina bwino ndinaganiza.

Kuukira kupolisiko

June 14, 1995, nthawi kusanache, zigaŵenga oposa 160 mwa magalimoto atatu KamAZ anagunda mbali ya Budennovsk. Iwo anali limodzi ndi galimoto Vaz-2106, repainted ndi zokonzedwa pansi pa galimoto boma la apolisi. A gulu la achifwamba kutsogoleredwa ndi Basayev yekha.

Pamene ndime inali kudutsa Budennovsk, Kamaz otsiriza anaima pa mphambano ya Stavropol ndi International, Suli kutali kupolisi. Kukhala anawomberedwa awiri apolisi magalimoto, achifwamba anasamukira ku Budennovsk Dipatimenti ya apolisi m'boma. Pali kunafikanso ndi onse a zigawenga galimoto. Iwo anatsegula moto pa nyumbayi ndi mfuti zoopsa ndi roketi-injini mabomba, ndipo analowa ndipo ndinayamba kuwombera pamodzi khondelo ndi pa khomo ofesi. Chifukwa cha apolisi angapo, wazamalamulo ndipo m'dzikoli anaphedwa. Awiri apolisi anavulala. Nkhondoyi inatenga pafupifupi kotala la ola, kenako omenyana anabwerera ku magalimoto awo akapolo ndi antchito ena mwa pasipoti ndi chitupa cha visa chikapezeka dipatimenti, canteen ndi alendo ku dipatimenti chigawo cha chiwerengero cha anthu wamba.

Kuukira pa m'maofesi

Pa nthawi imene Moscow tinalandira uthenga woyamba za zochitika zomwe anadzatchedwa "kuukira zigawenga Budyonnovsk," gulu Basayev kale kulanda mzindawo. Anayala m'misewu, zigaŵenga ndi asamukira m'dera pa mphambano ya Pushkin ndi October misewu, kumene City Hall anali. Ambiri mwa achifwamba unasweka mu ndipo anatenga akapolo anali kumeneko akuluakulu ndi alendo. Onse a zigawenga za anaukira siteshoni moto, ana a luso nyumba ndiponso kusonkhanitsa nyumbayi, "ICB", Sberbank, unamwino ndi mabungwe ena omwe ali kufupi ndi makonzedwe a mzinda. Kupita m'misewu ya Budyonnovsk mu galimoto Vaz-2106, ananamizira ngati galimoto apolisi, popanda anachita moto kwambiri pa nyumba zaboma, zoyendera mabanja payekha ndi anaima.

Choncho, mu maola 13 ndi mphindi 30 m'dera la mphambano ya Lenin ndi bursts Red wa mfuti ndi RPK zigawenga anapha apolisi awiri ndi wovulazidwa wapolisi wina ATS.

kuchipatala Jambulani

Ndi 15 koloko mbava ikuchitika kuukira mu Budyonnovsk, anakwanitsa analanda kale 600 Anagwiranso. Iwo anaikidwa padziko magalimoto akasinja mafuta, kuopseza kuwomba ilo likhoza kuyesa kumasula akapolo.

Kukhala Anagwiranso anamumanga omenyana ndime anasamukira ku chitsogozo cha kuchipatala mzinda. Pa nthawi imeneyo, panali 1,100 anthu - odwala ndi madotolo ndi ogwira ntchito ku ndodo.

M'njiramo ndime zotsatirazi zigaŵenga anaphedwa amene anayesa kuti tikane. Okwana 100 anthu anaphedwa.

Yolanda kuchipatala, zigawenga ncho kosungira pansi pa malo amene ati nyumba Anagwiranso anthu ena, komanso siteshoni oxygen.

Pofuna kupewa ziwembu zonse za kusamvera, zigaŵenga anagwira amuna asanu mwa anthu adakhala mphamvu, ndipo ankachitika chionetsero yowotcha kumuwombera m'bwalo la kuchipatala.

Zigawenga kuukira mu Budyonnovsk: vuto madzulo June 15, 1995

Chifukwa cha zochita za zigawenga Basayev mumzinda anali madzi wosweka ndi gasi, watha ntchito telefoni, misewu anali anathawira, inaimitsidwa ntchito ndi chakudya mafakitale awo, masukulu, maofesi a kayendetsedwe ndi kindergartens.

Itapita chovuta ndi zaumbanda ndi wamkulu odwala m'chipatala. Sanathe kupereka chisamaliro zofunika mankhwala. Chifukwa zinalembedwa ngakhale zinthu zochepa zokha za imfa ndi kubadwa mwa amayi apakati omwe pa nthawi imeneyo ku chipatala, ana akufa.

Zofuna yotentha ndi Shamil Basayev

Monga tanenera kale, kuchita uchigawenga wa Budyonnovsk anayika kukakamiza boma la Chitaganya cha Russia. Chintchito chachikulu yotentha ndi Basayev, anali kutha kwa Nkhondo mu Chechnya ndi kuyamba nkhani ndi Dudayev. M'malo mwake, iye ankakhulupirira kuti kuchita ntchito zabwino kwa anthu, koma kanthu akanatha kusankha iwo njira ndipo sangathe wolungama.

Popeza atolankhani sanafike pa nthawi yoikidwiratu, zigawenga, monga analonjeza kale, ndinawombera mmodzi wa anthu amene agwidwa, ndipo maola angapo pambuyo zisanu.

20 koloko pa June 15 kuchipatala koma ndaleredwa atolankhani. Pambuyo msonkhano uyambe, Shamil Basayev anamasulidwa iwo onse.

Events June 16

16 hours Moscow nthawi pa wailesi unasamutsidwira mawu a Nduna Viktor Chernomyrdin umene amayenda ndi mwamsanga asiye-moto Republic Chechen. Tsiku lomwelo, iye anaulukira kwa Grozny nthumwi anayamba nkhani kukhazikitsa mtendere, mogwirizana ndi Basayev.

Kuukira pa June 17,

Ngakhale kuyambira zotchulidwa zinachitika zaka zoposa 20, komabe si kuchepa mikangano za mlingo wa mlandu wa osati okhawo amene anachita la uchigawenga wa Budyonnovsk, koma akuluakulu a Russian nthumwi za mabungwe yazamalamulo, amene anatsogolera opaleshoni kumasula Anagwiranso anthu ena. Makamaka, akukhulupirira kuti ambiri mwa anthu akanatha kupewa ngati osati kuyesa zinalephereka kuti mphepo chipatala kumanga mayunitsi wapadera wa Federal Security Service ndi Utumiki Mkati m'mawa pa 17 June.

Chifukwa cha akanthe anafa ANCEFA mkulu wa "Alpha" Major V. Soloviev. Chinthu chokha chimene wakhala akwaniritsa - amasulidwe Anagwiranso, amene adamangidwa mu ndi bwino kutetezedwa zigawenga zoopsa ndi dipatimenti ubongo.

Onetsetsani kuti kuchotsa zigawenga ku chipatala sadzakhala zingatheke, ntchito yapadera rukovoditeli anatumiza Basayev negotiators, Pakati Anatoly Kashpirovskiy analowa.

Zokambirana June 18

Zigawenga kuukira mu Budyonnovsk (1995) adalowa mbali yake omaliza m'mawa ndi Basayev panokha analankhulana Viktor Chernomyrdin. Iye anapanga zokambirana mfundo zonse, choncho ndi usana zigawenga anamasulidwa gulu loyamba la Anagwiranso.

Pa 19:00 Basayev akufuna kusintha kumanga chipatala mabasi sikisi, ndipo iye pamodzi ndi anyamata ake ikayamba wa Anagwiranso anali pafupi kubwerera Chechnya.

June 19-20

Pa 5:15 m'mawa Basayev chofunika lakwaniritsidwa. Kupatula pa mabasi atatu "Ikarus", kwa nyumbayi, kumene zigawenga ndi Anagwiranso, athamangisa firiji ndi chakudya. patatha maola anayi Basayev negotiators anapereka mndandanda wa atolankhani amene anaitanidwa kuti msonkhano uyambe. gulu, wopangidwa mwa oimira atolankhani, atolankhani analowa CBB ndi BBC, "World TV", ORT, NTV, "Rossiyskaya GAZETA" ndi magazini "Der Spiegel".

Pa 11:30 Basayev anapereka atolankhani awa kuti atsagane nawo pa kubwerera kwawo ku Chechnya pa maziko kwawo. Anagwirizana kuti anthu makumi awiri. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi ziwanga atatu a ku Russia komanso chiwerengero cha oimira makonzedwe m'dera ndi dera. Komanso, zigawenga pansi basi 123 Anagwiranso wamwamuna. Pa 17:00 ndi convoy kutsogoleredwa ndi Basayev kuchoka m'dera la Budennovsk.

June 20, kufika m'dera la Chechnya. Zigawenga anasunga mawu awo ndi kumasula Anagwiranso onse. Kenako osaonekanso, m'magulu angapo.

Kenako anadziwika kuti mabasi operekedwa ndi zigawenga, anali ncho migodi wailesi womwe. Izo zimayenera kuwalowetsa kanthu ngati zigaŵenga wa anamasulidwa Anagwiranso anthu ena paulendo wa ku Chechnya.

Zigawenga kuukira mu Budyonnovsk: zikugwirira

Tsoka zimene zinachitika 14-19 June 1995 anadabwa Russia. June 22 anatchedwa tsiku la kulira kwa anthu amene akuvutikawo. amene manambala panthawiyo anali akadali kulongosola.

The Zigawenga zinali chifukwa cha yosiya a wachiwiri kwa nduna yaikulu, Minister pa mitundu N. Yegorov, mutu wa FSB Stepashin, mutu wa Unduna wa za M'dziko V. ERIN ndi kazembe wa Stavropol Gawo Kuznetsova.

Malinga ndi magwero yosiyanasiyana Zigawenga mu Budyonnovsk (lalifupi limafotokozera anapereka pamwamba) ankati miyoyo ya pakati pa 129 ndi 147 wamba commando khumi apolisi atatu, asanu Achipatala. anthu 415 anavulala. Zowawa (unatenthedwa kuonongeka), 198 magalimoto, zigawenga anatentha nyumba ya zilandiridwenso ana, kuwononga zinthu zambiri kunkachitika ku nyumba ya kuchipatala mzinda, Dipatimenti ya apolisi, utsogoleli mzinda. Komanso kuonongeka 107 nyumba zikuchitika anthu. The kuwonongeka chokwanira mwa mawu ndalama kuposa biliyoni 95 osakhala chipembedzo rubles.

Zitachitika zinthu izi Russian State Duma anatengera lamulo polimbana uchigawenga. Malinga ndi chikalata, mosasamala kanthu za mikhalidwe ya makonsolo ndi boma, komanso aliyense matupi ena onse kuti akwaniritsa zofunikira za mbava zoletsedwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo akhala mawu yanuyo, ngati lamulo chinaperekedwa kale, zinali zotheka kupewa mlandu zoopsa monga mchitidwe wa zigawenga Budennovsk. Pamene panali akapolo kutenga pa Dubrovka, bungwe anazindikira kuti kuthawa moyo iwo sadzapambana. Komabe iwo sanasiye.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe chaka kuukira inkachitika mu Budennovsk ndi amene anachita izo. Chimodzi chokha kuti izi sizidzachitikanso, ndi kusintha kwa ndale, anthu ndi chikhalidwe moyo wa anthu zidzachitike pa maziko a kusanduka wake, osati chifukwa cha akuyendeni pansi ndale ndi kupha Unyinji wa anthu wamba aliyense wosalakwa.