Nyumba mbewa: kufotokoza ndi chithunzi. Kaya kulumidwa nyumba mbewa? Kodi kuchotsa mbewa nyumba

Nyumba mbewa - ndi mtundu wa rodent, amene watambasula padziko lonse, n'kukhala nyama wamba. Ichi ndi chifukwa luso lawo Co-kulibe ndi anthu.

moyo malo

Nyumba mbewa, zithunzi chimene m'nkhani ino Ndipotu, ndi nyama zakutchire. Dzina analandira anthu akhalemo mozungulira. Nyumba mbewa moyo kulikonse mu dziko, koma m'madera a Madzi oundana a Antarctica ndi okwera. The Latin dzina la nyama - Mus musculus, nthawi yomweyo kuwonjezera liwu lachitatu, kusonyeza malo okhala Mwachitsanzo, nyumba mbewa, yomwe moyo mu Asia kum'mwera chakum'mawa - ndi Mus musculus castaneus. Mu dziko lathu, monga kulikonse kumene kuli nyumba mbewa :. Krasnodar Gawo, Rostov Region, ndi Krasnoyarsk Gawo, Astrakhan, etc. The kuchotserapo yekha ali kuchigawo cha kumpoto.

njira ya moyo

Nyumba mbewa amakhala zosiyanasiyana malo ndi malo, kuphatikizapo malo munthu. Iwo kwambiri zogwirizana ndi anthu ndipo nthawi zambiri anthu nyumba famu ndi nyumba. Mu kumpoto, anapanga kusamuka nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, mu chilimwe mu nyama zazikulu ayamba kusamukira ku malo otentha: grain- ndi masamba masitolo, nyumba, malo. Osiyanasiyana migrations amenewa akhoza kufika 5 Km. Nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira mu stacks mu stacks ndi malamba. M'chaka cha kusiya awo "kumpanda yozizira", kubwerera ku minda, minda masamba m'munda. Kum'mwera, m'dera zambiri moyo chaka chonse popanda anthu azikhalamo. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mbewa nyumba amagwira ku malo osiyanasiyana, oases.

Mu chikhalidwe sangagone pa ayi likukulira kwambiri, dothi lofewa. Pali chipangizo osavuta kukumba maenje yaing'ono. Mkati, iwo kukonza zofunda ntchito masamba zofewa nsalu. Nthawi zambiri komanso wotanganidwa kamakumba una nyama zina: slepushonok, voles, gerbils - kapena nyumba ntchito ming'alu padziko lapansi, ndipo cavities achilengedwe. Kuthetsa za munthu, iwo kukonza zisa zawo mu kwambiri kutetezedwa ndi kwaokha ngodya, makamaka pansi pansi, mu attics, mu mulu wa zinyalala ndi zinyalala. Pakuti zokhazikapo ntchito mu nkhani iyi, aliwonse kwa iwo zipangizo: nyenyeswa za nsalu, mapepala, nthenga ndi ubweya, ulusi munthu. Nyumba mbewa mu chisa kusamala bata. Ngati nthendayo waukulu zofunda, kwambiri wodzala ndi majeremusi kapena yonyowa, iwo ndingozisiya malo, chikusuntha ena atsopano.

Mu chikhalidwe ali nocturnal ndipo crepuscular nyama, koma anthu azikhalamo ulamuliro wanu tsiku lililonse atengere pansi miyoyo ya anthu. Nthawizina kuwala yokumba, iwo kukhala ndi mphamvu tsiku lonse, kuchepetsa lokha pa ntchito yogwira anthu. Mu nyama ntchito polyphase, tsiku nthaŵi 20 tikhale maso kuti lolimba kwa mphindi 90. Ngati mbewa zina zambiri, iwo ikuyenda pa zonse kutsatira maulendo ena, kupanga njira zomwe zinali ndi mulu ka fumbi ndi ndowe, mkodzo ananamizira.

Nyumba mbewa ndi nimble kwambiri, nyama agile; iwo ali bwino kuthamanga, kudumpha, kukwera ndi ngakhale kusambira bwino. Koma iwo nthawi zambiri kuchotsedwa chisa awo. Aliyense mbewa mu chikhalidwe pali chiwembu munthu: amuna mpaka 1200 m2 ndi akazi mpaka 900 m2. Koma kachulukidwe mkulu wa anthu nyama kuthetsa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono banja kapena madera, wopangidwa mwa mwamuna chachikulu, akazi angapo ndi ana awo. Anthu a njuchi udzakhazikitsidwe nthawi zonse ubwenzi masanjidwe. Amuna wachibale wina ndi mzake aukali ndithu, akazi kuonetsa wolusa kwambiri kwambiri. mabanja kwapakati pa-gulu n'zochepa kwambiri skirmishes, makamaka iwo ali mu ukapolo ana amene anakulira.

mafotokozedwe

Nyumba mbewa - nthawi yaitali tailed, makoswe ang'ono ndi thupi chowulungika, yaing'ono mutu, maso, mikanda ndi makutu anamaliza. Mchira kawirikawiri yokutidwa ndi tsitsi ndi mamba annular. Nyama zimene zimakhala mu chikhalidwe, sable mtundu wa mtundu, mu nkhani iyi, tsitsi m'tsinde mwa mchira ndi brownish bulauni pakati chikasu, pamene nsonga ndi akuda mu wotumbululuka imvi mtundu. Pamimba kwambiri opepuka akuda - zoyera. Mu ichi mbewa kakang'ono amene zimaŵetedwa ndi kuswana kusankha, iwo ali osiyanasiyana yaikulu mitundu: wakuda, woyera, imvi, buluu, chikasu, komanso mitundu kuti kuphatikiza mitundu yambiri. mbewa White - albinos, ngati iwo ali pafupifupi munthu melanin ndi apanga, amene ali ndi udindo nsalu ochekenera. obereketsa andzesera tailless, kuleza tsitsi, yochepa tailed, hairless, bafuta ndi mbewa lopotana.

khalidwe

Nyumba mbewa chidwi, mumangidwa wochenjera, wochenjera, koma manyazi kwambiri nyama. Zosayembekezereka phokoso kapena phokoso nkhanza kuwaopseza. Ndi nyama chikhalidwe ndi sindimakonda yekha. Popanda kulankhulana ndi kusamalira mbewa nyumba chisoni ndi kuyamba kuthamanga zakutchire. Akazi - mayi wokongola, bambo ndi amuna maganizo kwa ana ao kuti pokhapokha ngati selo palibe amuna ena.

Relations ndi ziweto zina

Nyumba mbewa - ndi zinyama zomwe zingakhale zowopsa agalu, amphaka, makoswe ndi mbalame.

Mtima kwa ana

Iwo angathe kubweletsa mabanja awo pomwe anawo ali ndi zaka 10. Iwo akufuna kukhala "woyenera" nyama, ngakhale zinachitikira kusamalira iwo palibe. Anthu ambiri amadabwa kuti: "nyumba mbewa kuluma kapena ayi?" Tikumbukenso kuti sali aukali, koma mwina kuluma mpaka nayo nthawi kuti azolowere eni ndi chilengedwe Motero, choyamba kuthandiza ana kukumana ndi nyama ndipo zikhale izo. ana aang'ono kwambiri timeneti, ndi zolengedwa ndawala ndi nimble sayenera ndekha.

maphunziro

Nyumba mbewa - ziweto, amene ali pinyama ophunzira kuphatikizapo makoswe, ndi mitundu kukongoletsa mwamsanga amakonda eni ndi mwangwiro analamulira ngati kulabadira zokwanira pamene akulankhula mofewa ndi mokoma. Iwo amatha kukumbukira dzina lake. Mbewa kuyamba mwamsanga kuzindikira kafungo anthu kuti akubweretsa chakudya, ndi kukakumana naye zidzakhala zosangalatsa squeak. Nyama aphunzitsidwe kuyankha zosiyanasiyana whistles ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana, monga "Kwa ine!", "Kukhala", "Home!"

Dziwani kuti asayansi yaitali kuphunzira nyumba mbewa. Kotenkova EV (Sc.D.) Mwachitsanzo, lolunjika pa nkhani zambiri nthawi kulemba mapepala angapo sayansi makhalidwe awo ndi za udindo wawo nthano zakale.

chakudya

Kwenikweni nyumba mbewa zakudya - mbewu ndi mbewu. Iwo amakonda kudya tirigu, Mapila ndi mawere, wokazinga mbewu dzungu ndi mbewu mpendadzuwa. Iwo akhoza kupereka mkaka, mikate yoyera, magawo a dzira woyera ndi nyama yophika. mbali Green wa zomera zosiyanasiyana Mwina amapanga nyama lachitatu zakudya ndi ndalama zimene zimachitika pa madzi. Pa nthawi yomweyo wa mbewa yowutsa mudyo chakudya amakonda kabichi ndi dandelion masamba, magawo nkhaka, Beets ndi kaloti, udzu wobiriwira. Mbewa pa katunduyo ayenera kuti Botolo atatu a madzi. M'chaka iwo akhoza kudya tizilombo ndi mphutsi yawo. Mbewa kagayidwe ndi mkulu Choncho, iwo ali mu ufa ayenera kudyetsa.

Care kukonzanso

Mbewa akupanga kunyumba kungakhale zachitsulo meshed khola, ndipo mu chidebe wapadera ndi plexiglass chivindikiro. M'pofunika, komanso mbewa kulumpha mu msinkhu. Terrarium kapena khola ayenera kukhala opondapo, kuyambira nyama mwakhama kwambiri ndipo ayenera kusuntha. Mu zinyalala ndi ntchito unpainted Mzere wa pepala kapena zodulidwa. Selo anapereka nyumba (mtsuko, bokosi, etc. mphika.) Zomwe mbewa kukonza okha chisa ufa, ufa, anaika chidutswa choko, ndi zipangizo zina Masewero. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, oyenera makwerero, misinkhu, m'misasa, nthambi, izo ndi zofunika kuika gudumu kwa akuthamanga.

Terrarium kapena khola aikidwa monga momwe tingathere ndi mazenera, radiators, conditioners mpweya ndi zitseko, kuyambira nyama sindimakonda kusintha kutentha, dzuwa ndi drafts. Adalipo mpweya kutentha ndi 20 ° C pa chinyezi wa 55%. Tsiku maselo ndi scavenge zotsala, kuchapa feeders ndi waterers. Zofunda anasintha katatu pa mlungu, kamodzi pa mwezi kuchita disinfection ndi wathunthu kuyeretsa kwa khola kapena khola. Manyi a mbewa ali ndi zosasangalatsa Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala fungo. Pankhaniyi, akazi fungo amuna kwambiri chosalimba.

Mu terrarium, ndi zofunika kuika ndalama yaikulu ya nthambi za mitengo mwachindunji kuchokera ku makungwa (birch, msondodzi, phiri phulusa) kuti nyama pogaya iwo cutters. Kumbukirani kuti nyama zimenezi chakupha Lilac. Khola akhoza kuika zidole matabwa, amene nyama ikaseweredwa stachivaya ndi anthu osema miyala. Pamene bungwe bwino nyumba koyenda nyumba mbewa osafunika. Ngati ndife nyama kuyenda chimabwerabe malo koyenda wake m'pofunika kuchepetsa khamu manja kapena tebulo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nyumba zosiyanasiyana zomera ndi chakupha kuti mbewa, kuphatikizapo Aralia, yucca, Khirisimasi nyenyezi, ndowe ndi zina zotero.

Pamene zili nyama angapo kuti akonze zofunika magulu akazi okhaokha: 2-3 2-3 wamwamuna kapena wamkazi moyo okwana selo azikhala pamodzi bwino. Pankhaniyi bwino kuti anthu amene anabwera kuchokera ana limodzi. ana akhanda akhoza kumwedwa mu dzanja ndi osafunika kuti tisasokoneze mayi awo.

mbewa amenewa - nyama madzulo ndi usiku, iwo akhoza kusokoneza kugona ndi phokoso kwaiye phokoso osiyana, ngakhale makamaka atengere akafuna anthu.

matenda

• matenda amayamba ndi tizilombo, tizilombo ndi mavairasi.
• Cystitis, zotupa za etiology osiyana.
• Mbewa pox, chibayo, salmonnelez, kupuma mycoplasmosis, maliseche mycoplasmosis, otodektoz, otitis TV.

Zinawonongedwa ndi mbewa

Chiwonongeko cha mbewa izi kuvutitsa mukadzamwalira anthu wanenedwapo mwa iwo, komanso zida ndi banja zipangizo.

Wild nyumba mbewa, polimbana ndi zomwe anthu wokhalapo kwa zaka zambiri, akhoza kudya chakudya chilichonse. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, nyumba podedennymi kukhala chakudya, makandulo ndi sopo, Kulumikizana ndi zina zotero.

Nyama malo kudziluma mbewu, kuononga mbewu za masamba osiyanasiyana muzu, kudya m'matangadza mbewu monga chimanga, kuwonjezera, kwambiri zodetsa zinthu za moyo kwawo. Iwo mwachangu kuonetsetsa zinyalala awo, ngakhale anthu ang'ono angathe kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu. Choncho, zambiri za nyama musadye mbewu, ndicho uwononge.

Komanso, nyumba mbewa (kuchotsa iwo, timaphunzira kenako) - ndi nambala yaikulu onyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a matenda osiyanasiyana. Iwo akhoza kusonyeza anthu E. coli, mazira helminth, chifukwa makoswe ndi tayifodi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi tizilombo m'magazi woyamwa, monga utitiri ndi nkhupakupa kudutsa ndi zosangalatsa ndiponso pa munthu.

Choncho, kuwonongeka ndithu zingachititse nyumba mbewa. Kodi kuchotsa iwo, mwatsoka, osati aliyense amadziwa. Professional chiwonongeko nyama kukhala ntchito yaikulu madera wakunja kwatawuni, m'nyumba, mabungwe onse Catering, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabungwe. utumiki uwu mukhoza kuitanitsa ku makampani apadera, kapena ntchito zachikale mousetrap.

A mbiri pang'ono

Mu chikhalidwe, nthawi anabadwa woyera mbewa - albino, umene uli pafupi zosatheka kuti apulumuke, chifukwa iwo ali lomwe ndi yomweyo kukhala nyama. Koma kalelo mu Krete iwo anali moyo mu mawonekedwe a zithumwa zimene zabwino. Iwo ali mu makachisi, kumene mwapadera akhaonera antchito. zaka 4000 zapitazo mu Egypt ndi zimaŵetedwa mbewa zili ankamvetsera mwatcheru ku mitundu mtundu. Iwo Aiguputo analembedwa mphamvu zozizwitsa Komanso iwo akuonetsedwa iwo msupa zawo dongo.

M'nthawi ya Roma ndi ochiritsa akale chifukwa chochiritsa zamdziko ntchito mbewa ndi makoswe, pamene mu Asia ndipo lero iwo ali zimaŵetedwa makamaka zolinga zimenezi. Ndi chitukuko wa ziweto ndi mbewa experimental ndi makoswe ankagwiritsa ntchito maphunziro osiyana onse nyama zasayansi. Akukhulupirira kuti kukongoletsa ndi zasayansi mbewa kutenga anachokera ku woyera, zamaangamaanga ndi wakuda mbewa nkhondo, zomwe zinalembedwa m'buku la mu kope 1787. Limanena za nyama, umene panthawi imeneyo ankagwiritsa ntchito kumenyana. amalonda awo English naye ku Japan. M'tsogolo, mbewa kupanga mzere wapadera wa mbewa nyumba, ndi miyala kukongoletsa kawetedwe anayamba kuweta.

Panthawi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana Western European ndi America, pali Makalabu a mafani wa mbewa, cholinga chachikulu cha zimene ankaona kuswana mitundu yatsopano ya nyama. Nthawi zambiri kulandira mitundu wapadera osiyana: imvi, woyera, wofiira, zofiirira, wofiirira kapena pinkish ndi mawanga. Pali zisudzo imene inachitikira ndi katswiri kuwunika.

Koma mu dziko lathu kukongoletsa mbewa zochepa kudziwika kuposa mu America ndi ku Ulaya, koma zili m'gulu la nyama mafani moonjezera otchuka ndi kudutsa chaka. The zibonga mafani wa makoswe zosiyanasiyana analenga gawo lapadera la mbewa kukongoletsa, nurseries lotseguka, zikugwira kuswana ndi ntchito kuswana, ndi zisudzo ikuchitikira, kumene, pamodzi ndi nyama zina zazing'ono ongoyendayenda ndi nyumba kakang'ono mbewa.