Anti-chombo chida X-35: makhalidwe luso ndi ntchito

Mmodzi wa mumaganiza zikuluzikulu mu zochitika zankhondo kugwirizana posachedwapa zida ndi zipangizo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo wamba n'zotheka wosalira kupanga kachitidwe ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zawo opaleshoni. Chitsanzo chimodzi cha njira imeneyi ndi odana sitima chida X-35. Malinga Baibulo, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ndege, Helicopters, sitima ndi onshore. Ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana za ntchito kumawonjezera kwambiri angathe mivi nkhondo.

The KH 35: mbiri ya chilengedwe

Kuyamba ndi ife adzamvetsa, ndi roketi kuti zimayenera kudutsa asanakhale cholowa cha Russian apanyanja. Iwo ankayenera kuti X 35 roketi yakwera maboti ndi sitima ndi kusamutsidwa zikutanthauza. Zinali ntchito monga mbali ya chida zovuta (SC) "Uranus". Development inayamba mu April 1984. The woyang'anira ntchito anali G. I. Hohlov. Zambiri za ntchito kapangidwe anapatsidwa kwa "Zvezda" OKB. Iwo anali amaganiza kuti chida KH 35 "Uranus" zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuwononga ziwiya tonnes osapitirira 5000. Mawu Buku chofunika kuti anatha kuthamanga osakwatira ndiponso angapo launchers roketi. The KH 35 amayenera ntchito mofanana bwino zinthu zonse nyengo, pa nthawi iliyonse usana ndi ntchito machitidwe mpweya chitetezo mdani nkhondo amagetsi.

makhalidwe General

Kumbali ya aerodynamics chida anachita mogwirizana ndi chitsanzo mwachizolowezi: The X woboola pakati mapiko ndi empennage. Pamwamba kunja kwa thupi kupanga zonenepa angapo. Middle ndi mchira mbali ndi asymmetrical: pansi pali mpandadenga, amene anaika mu zakudya kutsogolo mpweya. A olimba mafuta roketi chilimbikitso, amene kukhazikitsidwa monga yamphamvu ndipo ali ndi mchira, ndi kuwonetsedwa ku oyambitsa.

The utali wonse wa roketi ndi mamita 3,85. Ngati udalowa accelerator, mlingo ukuwonjezeka kuti 4,44 m. The awiri a nyumba si upambana 0,42 m. Wingspan m'chigawo zinachitika ndi 1,33 m. Mu kasinthidwe zofunika ndi accelerator roketi X-35 akulemera makilogalamu 600.

dongosolo

A mmenenso akhoza kupezeka pa mankhwala ena m'kalasimo ake. Mutu wa chida ndi homing. Kumbuyo kwake ndi kuphana chigawo. Mu pakati pa polowera njira ndi "atavala" mu thanki mafuta. Mu mchira wa roketi ayenera turbojet. zida zina ili m'mbali ufulu wa thupi. Chiyambi accelerator ali ndi dongosolo lophweka. Mkati cylindrical thupi lake akhoza kokha solid- chopopera roketi engine.

dongosolo malangizo

Pa zomangamanga machitidwe malangizo bwanji kufunika kwa nsomba amayenda ndi kugonjetsa cholinga cha chilengedwe aliyense jamming. Chida anali okonzeka ndi dongosolo kuphatikiza malangizo. Pa sitima ndege, iye anali kugwiritsa ntchito inertial navigation dongosolo ndi wailesi altimeter. Ndipo pamene kusiya chida m'dera chandamale ayenera adamulowetsa ndi yogwira dongosolo Rada homing, amene ntchito yopeza ndi kugonjetsa cholinga.

polojekiti ntchito maroketi ARS 35 - yogwira Rada homing mutu. Amalola kudziwika ndi kuyimbidwa kwa mipherezero ndi digiri yapamwamba ya kudalirika. Kachitidwe mlongoti lili pamwamba pa chombo cha. Iye anali atavala radome a. Mwachidule yopingasa gawo ndi m'lifupi madigiri 90 (madigiri 45 lamanja ndi kumanzere kwa chida olamulira). Ofukula kuonera sanali lonse: kwa -10 digiri +20. Baibulo loyamba chida anali ndi chandamale kudziwika lingayambire 20 Km.

warhead

The warhead ozama, kulemera kwa ndilo 145 makilogalamu, anaikidwa pa homing mutu. Chifukwa warhead mkulu-zachiwawa-incendiary ziyenera kugunda zombo matani 5000. Ali ndi thupi wolimba ndi makoma wandiweyani, kuti amalola bolodi kubaya ndi kunyamula mdani chombo kukumba mkati. Mwa njira imeneyi n'zotheka kuti pazipita zowononga kwenikweni.

injini

Monga tanenera kale, turbojet wa lili kumbuyo kwa nyumba ya. samatha ake ukufika 450 kgs. galimoto ndi anayamba mothandizidwa ndi wodula ndi ntchito pa ndege palafini. The magetsi a mtundu amalola chida kukwaniritsa liwiro 280 m / s ndi kuuluka 7 130 Km. Koma chilimbikitso olimba roketi, m'pofunika ntchito Roketi monga mbali ya RK "Uranus". Mothandizidwa ndi X-35 roketi, makhalidwe amene tiganizire lero, kusiya zoyendera ndi Launch chidebe. Pamene projectile ndi anayamba, galimoto ndi Yambitsaninso ndi adamulowetsa boosters chachikulu.

kasamalidwe

Sitima mivi X 35 wakhala bwino kasamalidwe dongosolo kuti amalola kuti tikwaniritse ntchito yapamwamba nkhondo. Midcourse chida ntchentche pa msinkhu wa osapitirira 15 mamita pamwamba pa madzi. Pamene kufufuza akuyamba zolinga ndi malangizo pa izo, chithunzi ichi akutsikira 4 m. Chifukwa otsika okwera ndege ndi kubalalika ka malo amachepetsa imabwera kudziwika oyambirira, kutsatira ndi chida adani machitidwe mpweya chitetezo.

Opaleshoni mivi X 35 kumlingo ntchito ndi makina ndondomeko pokonzekera Launch. State mayunitsi nkhondowo ndi oyamba a ndege ntchito basi ankalamulira. Okwana kukonzekera akutenga zosakwana 1 miniti. The KH 35, amene anafuna ntchito pa zombo ndi dziko ofotokoza machitidwe mzinga, atawalankhula cylindrical zoyendera Launch canister. Mabaibulo Air ofotokoza zilipo komanso, koma kuyamba ndi ndege kapena Helicopters zida muyezo.

Kuchedwa kukula

Pa kuganizira ake sewero, zimene antchito a OKB "Star" anachita miyezi ingapo, ena deficiencies anali kudziŵika. Makamaka, mismatch wa yogwira amafuna Rada dongosolo anatumizidwa izo. Pakuti younikanso ndi kusintha kwa polojekiti zinamutengera nthawi zambiri. Woyendetsa Launch ku malo unsembe zinachitika mu November 1985. Izi ndi amathamanga angapo wotsatira pachimake zoopsa.

Woyamba bwino Launch zinachitika mu January 1987. Komabe, chiyesedwe cha machitidwe adakwera wapitiriza. Mpaka 1992, OKB "Star" ndi makampani ofanana anakhala wina kumayamba 13. Popeza kupanda kwathunthu yogwira dongosolo Rada la chitsanzo, miyala mayeso zida ndi onyenga ake.

Chifukwa kugwa kwa USSR ndi chiwerengero cha mavuto a zachuma ntchito X 35 pafupifupi anasiya ntchitoyo. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1992 mpaka 1997 kumanga ndi kuyesa okwana prototypes anayi. Kumenyana ndalama komanso yafupika, kotero kuti choyamba cha zovuta "Uran" zida ndi X-35 zinapangidwa ndi kasitomala yachilendo.

"Uran-E"

Mu 1994, Indian Navy analamula Russian zovuta "Uran-E". Kalata "E" oznachat kuti Baibulo katundu uyu. Shipborne chida dongosolo zikuphatikizapo: a Launcher mzinga, ndipo zida kasamalidwe kuti titsimikize dongosolo zipolopolo. Izo zikhoza kuikidwa pa mitundu yonse ya zombo. The Launcher imakhala chimango zitsulo zokuzira ndi ZOWONJEZERA kuti muli ndi. Kamangidwe amaganiza kuti X 35 roketi chiyambi pa makona a madigiri 35.

Yodzichitira dongosolo ulamuliro umene amapatsidwa chida mayeso ntchito, ntchito athandizira, ndi ntchito zina anachita mu mawonekedwe a buluku muli. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti phiri zida pa zombo iliyonse yabwino ndi maboti. chidebe chimodzi ndi 15, ndi zina - 5 mamita ^2.

Chifukwa cha pempho Indian, chitukuko akadali akhala atamaliza anayamba kupanga siriyo nkhondo. Mu 1996, makasitomala zigawo loyamba zovuta akhala anasamutsa kumapeto kwa chaka chomwecho inatha ntchito zida zankhondo mivi X 35 wowonongayo ins Delhi. M'tsogolo, zida zotere alandira zombo zingapo Indian.

Mu 2000s oyambirira, vuto ndi ndalama za asilikali a onyamula chasintha kwa bwino. Chifukwa, ndi 2003, zovuta "Uran" zida ndi X-35 anali kuimaliza kukonza ndi kutengedwa ndi Russia.

"Mpira"

Pa nthawi yomweyo monga "Uranus" analowa utumiki ndi apanyanja, anamaliza chitukuko cha onshore Kazakhstan "Bal", amenenso ankagwira ndi X-35 roketi. ntchito m'gulu la polojekiti onshore wa madzi Kupititsa ndi chitetezo onse maofesi a panyanja. Chifukwa zosiyanasiyana za lonse za mwayi zovuta "Mpira" yake kudziwa ndi zombo adani.

The sayenda mkulu wa zovuta ndi chifukwa chakuti zigawo zikuluzikulu anapangidwa mawonekedwe a makina kudziletsa injini anamanga pamaziko a MAZ-7930. zovuta akhoza kufalitsidwa pa mtunda wa makilomita 10 kuchokera tsidya lina. zipolopolo zake okwana katundu mivi 64.

ndege Baibulo

Cha m'ma 2000s zinachititsa chitukuko cha ndege zosinthika KH 35 mivi. Baibulo osiyana ndi suffix "B" wakhala akufuna kuti Helicopters. kusiyana Aika anali pamaso pa chilimbikitso cha. Bukuli linapangidwa kukumana liwiro otsika a ndege ya. Roketi kuti anapezerapo ku ndegeyo, pa accelerator sayenera.

yaying'ono Baibulo

Mu 2011, Launcher wakhala anayamba kwa KH 35, ananamizira ngati chidebe 20 mapazi. Mkati anaika anayi muli zoyendera Launch ndi mizinga, komanso lonse la zida zina zofunika ulamuliro. Kodi ziyembekezo za polojekitiyi, iwo akadali osadziwika.

X-35U

Kukula kwa X 35 roketi anali Baibulo la X-35U, lomwe kawiri zikomo liwiro kwa oyamba zida zatsopano. Komanso, angathe kugunda mdani mtunda wa makilomita 260. Zonsezi zimatheka kuyamika injini latsopano ndi redesigned mpweya wambiri njira, amene amalola kuonjezera kundipatsako kwa mafuta.

Mu 2009 iye anabadwa Baibulo akweza ya X-35U, amene analandira index zina "E". Ankaufulula zogulitsa kunja. Chachikulu kusiyana anali watsopano kusodza malangizo dongosolo, amene kuchuluka kudziwika osiyanasiyana monga ku makilomita 50.

ogwiritsa

Pa mphindi, ndi KH 35 specifications zimene tinakambirana lero, zimagwiritsa ntchito asilikali a Russia, India ndi Vietnam. Pakali pano, mazana angapo a miyala iyi zinamangidwa. Pankhani makasitomala akunja, amaganizira kwambiri mu maofesi chombo ofotokoza. Ndege chida dongosolo "Uran" zida ndi X-35 asanakwere kufunika mwa Waogula Zinthu Kunja. Malinga ndi magwero ena achilendo, ndi roketi Russian unalembedwa ndi okonza North Korea. Ngati izi zingakhale zowona, ndiye n'zotheka kuti Korea North amapanga zida ndi zogulitsa, kutanthauza kuti angathe zida limati kuposa amadziwika, malinga ndi kafukufuku boma.