Arkady Gaidar: yonena kuti ana mwachidule

M'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa mabuku Soviet ana anakhala Arkady Gaidar, amene yonena chimakwirira nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa dziko lathu. Zikuoneka kuti aone mbali yaikulu ya ntchito yake - mu ambiri a iwo wowerenga angathe kumva kumatikumbutsabe za nkhondo.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Wolemba tsogolo anabadwa mu banja la mdzukulu wa serf ndi wamba mtundu wa noblewoman. Atate Peter Isidorovich Golikov, ntchito monga mphunzitsi ndi zoyenera chidwi kudzimvera maphunziro. Kuphunzitsa anthu anapereka moyo wake ndi Natalia Arkadievna kuti ichi oyambirira anasiya nyumba makolo. Mwachidule yonena Arkadiya Gaydara ana ndi chidwi kwambiri. The mnyamata anayamba kulemba. Malinga Maulendo a, ndakatulo yake yoyamba anaonekera pamene akali sankadziwa mmene kulemba. Chiyambi cha talente iwo kuona kuti makolo zambiri nthawi odzipereka kwa maphunziro ndi mwana wake ndi ana atatu wamng'ono. Ndipo mu chiyanjano ndi mzake, kawirikawiri ikamawerengedwa ndakatulo, anaimba wowerengeka nyimbo.

maphunziro abwino za mwana

Makhalidwe a wolemba YAKUCHITA mtima ngakhale khalidwe la Ankhondo akale Tingaone mu mawu awo. Mafotokozedwe uno amapereka yonena Arkadiya Gaydara. Pakuti grade 4 Mwachitsanzo, Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nkhani "Timur ndi gulu lake" omwe limatiuza mmene achinyamata yodziwika ndi mfundo za makhalidwe abwino disinterested thandizo anthu. Choncho, ngati mwana Arkasha anathyola kalilole, monga zimachitikira mu Zikatero, mantha mbathawa. Ndiyeno panali kukambirana ndi mayi ake, amene ankafotokoza kuti mwana wanga kuti munthu wolimba ndi woonamtima nthawizonse kupeza mphamvu kuvomereza kuti upandu, zivute zitani, kukhala woona mtima. Kuyambira pamenepo, panalibe vuto mnyamata phedzi mba funa kubisalira ena mulandu wake.

Ndipo Arkady Gaidar, amene yonena lili ndi mfundo kuthetsa mavuto a moyo, udindo alongo ake aang'ono choncho konse capricious ndi sanadandaule.

Mu zaka m'khutu

Pamene World Choyamba, Arkady zaka khumi. bambo ake anapita patsogolo, ndipo mnyamata zopita pambuyo pake. Ife anamupeza pafupi Arzamas, kwawo, nabwerera. Koma izi chilakolako mwana zochita sanataye. Ndi kudza kwa ulamuliro wa Bolsheviks Arkady Gaidar (yonena ana ikuphatikiza yekha mudziwe mwachidule za nthawi imeneyi wolembayo) kwathunthu anaima mbali yawo. Poyamba iye anachita kwina ndi kwina ndi kulondera usiku mzinda. Koma ambiri akukopeka kanthu zazikulu. M'dzinja 1918, wachinyamata, kuwonjezera zaka khumi awiri (mwamwayi, anali wamtali ndi nyonga), potsiriza ine ndiri chikuonetseratu mu Red Army. Msilikali wothandiza mfumu uja, mkulu wa detachment, ndiyeno ndi shelefu - njira kumenyana mu zaka 6 anali Arkady Gaidar. yonena chake kumaphatikizapo nkhani zoterozo ulemerero, monga kugonjetsedwa kwa gulu Bityug ndi ozindikira mtsogoleri Solovyov. Komabe, iye analandira awiri kufanana maphunziro usilikali ndipo adakhulupirira kuti tsogolo lake adzakhala muyaya zogwirizana ndi asilikali.

Chiyambi cha ntchito zolembalemba

Komabe, tsoka nayo njira zake: mu 1924, Arkady Petrovich anakakamizika kusiya ntchito pa malo thanzi. Anakhudzidwa ndi mabala analandira ku nkhondo, contusion, ndi ena amatopa muyeso - anayamba msewu uwu ndithu mnyamata. "Kulemba" - kotero kuyankha funso chochita lotsatira, Arkady Gaidar. Mwachidule mbiri pa theka lachiwiri la 1920s, zikusonyeza mapangidwe Golikova-wolemba. Poyamba iye analemba akuluakulu. Mu 1925 anaonekera ntchito choyamba, koma sanadzikondweretsa wolemba Komabe, ngati zambiri za izi nkhani lalifupi komanso mabuku. Ndipo yekha "R.V.S" (1926), wolemba otchedwa kwenikweni ndi okhwima.

alias

Dzina lenileni la wolemba - Golikov, koma kale ntchito loyamba lalembedwa mu dzina la Arkady Gaidar. Mwachidule yonena za wolemba muli zingapo zimene mungachite alias kutanthauzira. bwenzi lake sekondale, mwachitsanzo, ankakhulupirira kuti dzina amenewa - zotsatira za zapamwamba chachikulu Arkady Petrovich. Inakhalapo motere: D (Olika) A (Arcade kalembedwe) J D (kuchokera Fr. - "kunja".) AR (zamasa). Njira ina: "D" mwa zilembo za dzina, dzina loyamba, dzina la mzinda chinkawoneka ngati D'Artagnan. Othandiza mafotokozedwe wina akunena Gaidar alias ku chinenero Turkic imene anamasuliridwa kuti "akuthamanga patsogolo wokwera pa" - uyu anali ndi Golikov moyo. Izi ndi Baibulo ambiri maonekedwe a dzina, ngakhale mabuku za ntchito wolemba tingaupeze ndi kutanthauzira ena.

Ntchito ana

Kamodzi Arkady Gaidar (yonena pano zachokera takumbukira la wolemba yekha) ananena kuti nkhondo kotero udzakhazikika ku ubwana wake, anaganiza za izo, ndi za ngwazi lenileni la achinyamata. Choncho panali nkhani komanso mabuku kwa ana: "RVS" za achinyamata amene anaona nkhondo pakati pa "ofiira" ndi "woyera", ndi autobiographical "School", "Hot Stone", ndi ngwazi ya ndilo nkhalamba amene anapulumuka zisinthe ndi nkhondo yapachiweniweni ndi ena. Katswiri mabuku ana akutchedwa "Blue chikho", "Huck ndi Chuck", "The tsogolo la drummer lapansi." Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha chiwembu anali zimene zinachitika anagunda yonena Arkadiya Gaydara.

Pakuti grade 4 ntchito wolemba ndi chidwi chifukwa akatswiri awo ali ofanana msinkhu, anyamata ndi atsikana kugwa mu mavuto. Zikomo makhalidwe ake kukoma mtima, luso kumvera chisoni ndi chisoni, kulimbikira, kusadziona kukhala wopambana ena, wofunitsitsa nthawi zonse kupulumutsa, kulimbamtima - iwo ali opambana ndipo chitsanzo kutsatira.

Pa muzu wa Timur kayendedwe

Mu 1940, mwina ntchito wotchuka kwambiri, wolemba amene anali Arkady Gaidar. Wambiri ana kuyenera kuphatikizapo mbiri ya nkhaniyo "Timur ndi gulu lake", ndi protagonist chimene chikutchedwa mwana wa wolemba. Za kutchuka zosaneneka za ntchito mabuku kumaoneka chifukwa chakuti bwino kudutsa dziko anayamba kuoneka magulu a ophunzira amene anatenga zothandizira mipingo yawo amene amafuna thandizo lawo. Kwa zaka zingapo, Timur kayendedwe wakhala mbali ya moyo wa achinyamata Soviet. Ngakhale tsopano, nthawi zina mukhoza kumva mawu bwino, pamene izo zifika ku ntchito zabwino.

amunamuna imfa

Pambuyo chiyambi cha nkhondo yachiwiri, Gaidar anapitiriza kuti kutsogolo, nthawi ili ngati nkhondo mtolankhani, analemba kalata essays angapo pa ntchito tcheru wa Southwestern Front. Koma nthawi ino, ndewu wake njira sanali yaitali. Mu October 1941, iye anafika kwa zigaŵenga zankhondo, pamene kumuwombera anali kuyesera kutuluka chilengedwe. Mwina, Arkady Petrovich mu gulu anapita kwa chakudya, ndipo pamene adawona Germany chizindikiro anzake anayi, ndipo iwo anatha. Wolemba wotchuka, munthu wosatopa, wankhondo akusamba kunagwa mfuti moto pa zaka makumi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Izi ndi nkhani yonena mwachidule Arkadiya Gaydara. Pakuti grade 4 ankadziwa ntchito zake lero akhale phunziro weniweni wa mtima, ubwenzi ndi chikondi kwa dziko lakwawo.