Aron Raymon: sociological chiphunzitso

French katswiri wa Ayuda, katswiri wa nzeru ndi Katswiri, wasayansi yandale, maganizo andale Osaumira Aron Raymon ndi woyambitsa wa mafunde epistemological mu nzeru za mbiri, amene anali kumbali anali ndi chakuti nkhani wakhala kutanthauziridwa mu mawu a positivism. Raymond yekha kulimbikitsa kudalirana ndi deideologization sayansi. Iyenso ndi kutsatira za chiphunzitso cha anthu mafakitale. Aron Raymon chinathandiza phwando Chaanthu German Mwachitsanzo, dongosolo la maganizo a Max Weber mu France. Monga mtolankhani, iye walemba oposa 30 mabuku. Kwa kanthawi, anali wolemba ndale m'nyuzipepala "Le Figaro". Pamaziko a maganizo ake pandale, iye ankakhulupirira kuti boma ayenera kulenga malamulo kuti udzapereka ufulu, azimai zipani, ndi kuonetsetsa awo kukhazikitsa.

Aron Raymon: yonena

Wasayansi tsogolo anabadwa mu 1905 ku Lorraine, mu rambervillers, mwana wa osamuka Ayuda, kwathunthu kutengera malo awo. atate wake, Gustav Aron, anali katswiri wa Chilamulo ndi mayi - Syuzan Levi - mkazi boma, mbadwa ya Alsace. Posachedwapa banja anasamukira ku Paris.

Education Aron Raymon anali mu École normale supérieure. Apa iye anadziwa Jean-Paul Sartre. Pa moyo wake, iwo anali abwenzi, koma pa nthawi yomweyo otsutsa wanzeru. Raymond inawala nzeru zawo ndi mayeso mu nzeru pa digiri agrégé anasonkhanitsa chiwerengero chapamwamba mfundo anapambana malo oyamba. Iwo analidi vuto lalikulu! Nthawiyi, Sartre sinapulumutse ndipo analephera mayeso. Ndili ndi zaka 25, Raymond anakhala katswiri wa nzeru za mbiri.

mu Germany

Nditamaliza maphunziro ku Paris School Aron anapita Germany mwayi wophunzitsa ku Cologne ndi Berlin yunivesite. Apa iye akuwona mmene Anazi anatentha "wochenjera" buku. Zinali ndiye kuti anatulutsa tikamapita ku Ulamuliro, ndi Fascism. Pamene mphamvu mu Germany Hitler anabwera, iye amayenera kubwerera ku France chifukwa cha chitetezo awo.

chiphunzitso

Kunyumba, adayamba kuphunzitsa nzeru chikhalidwe ndi Chaanthu pa yunivesite ya Le Havre (osati kusokonezedwa ndi Harvard). Kuyambira 1934 iye wakhala kuphunzitsa za 5 zaka ndi ntchito monga mlembi pa Ecole Normale Supérieure, zomwe kamodzi itatha.

Ndiye Aron Raymon anasamukira ku Toulouse, kumene lectured nzeru chikhalidwe. Isanayambe nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anatenga gawo mu Paris Colloquium Walter Lippmann dzina la mtolankhani wotchuka American. msonkhano uno wanzeru unapangidwa bungwe ndi Louis Rougier.

The nkhondo pa moyo wa Arona Raymona

Monga tanenera kale, isanayambe nkhondo anali katswiri wa nzeru za chikhalidwe cha anthu pa yunivesite ya Toulouse mzinda. Kuponya ntchito pophunzitsa, iye anapita kutsogolo kutumikira mu Air Force mu France, ndipo pambuyo asilikali anagonjetsedwa ndi dziko mbadwa anali kulamulidwa ndi Anazi, iye anapita mbali ina ya Channel, kuti Albion.

Apa, ndi pafupi gululi "Kulimbana France", limene linali pansi pa chitsogozo cha Charles de Gaulle ndiponso zimene anachita zosonyeza kukonda magazini "Free France". Aroni anakhala mkonzi wake. Kusindikiza kudziko lina, staryutsya kukhalabe makhalidwe a ŵanyake.

Raymond Aron: magawo chitukuko cha sociological ganizo

Pambuyo ankhondowo German kusiya France, wasayansi abwelela kunyumba ndi tikupitiriza kuphunzitsa. nthawi iyi iye afika mu Sukulu ya National wa Administration, komanso mu Paris Institute politissledovany, pamene iye amaphunzitsa Chaanthu.

Kumayambiriro maganizo sociological la Arona ndi mchikakamizo cha Wachiwiri (Baden sukulu). Mu zolemba zake, iye anakana malamulo a chitukuko cha anthu ndi kulalikira imadalira kwambiri kuti malire irrationality.

Kenako unachoka monyanyira wa zolemba ndi imadalira ndi kuyandikira malo a Max Weber chiphunzitso wake wa "mitundu abwino" mu kuwerenga kwa mbiriyakale. Ntchito ya sayansi pa mbiriyakale ya Chaanthu, Aron chifundo ndi ndiwofatsa zizolowezi Durkheim ndi Tocqueville. Iye nthawizonse akuyesera kuti alenge "njira" buku la chuma mbiri.

Chiphunzitso cha Arona

Iye ni mmodzi wa olemba ndi maganizo de A-ideologization. Iye anagwirizira udindo wa kumakana ndi cholinga malamulo mbiri, mogwirizana dialectic ubale kupanga ndi magulu zipatso, komanso mfundo mapangidwe zachuma ndi chikhalidwe.

Sociology Arona Raymona amatenga kwa chinthu kafukufuku chikhalidwe anachokera ku zinthu m'maganizo, monga zolinga, phindu lathu la nkhani amachitila, ndi maganizo a munthu amene wakhala akufufuza. njira imeneyi, malinga ndi maganizo a Arona, ndi watsopano, "si maganizo" chiphunzitso cha anthu. Ndi zolondola chiphunzitso, popeza maphunziro "kuti alipo kwenikweni."

Monga tanenera kale, Aroni ndi woyambitsa wa chiphunzitso ambiri a anthu wonse mafakitale. Iyeyo wotsatira wa Saint-Simoni ndi Long ndi watchulidwa iwo.

Wotchuka ntchito Raymond

Monga tanenera kale, izo ndi mtolankhani, ndi woyambitsa wa pa 30 mabuku pakati pawo wotchuka kwambiri ndi "bongo mwa anzeru". Raymond Aron analemba mu 1955. Iye wapanga kuwaza. Kusamvana za buku ili lekani lero. Adakali zogwirizana.