Asilavo - ndani izi? Mbiri ndi nthano za Asilavo

Mu mbiri ya Asilavo ambiri mawanga woyera, chomwe chimathandiza ambiri "wophunzira" amakono pamaziko a nkhambakamwa ndi mfundo unproven kuika patsogolo pa ziphunzitso kwambiri wosangalatsa za chiyambi ndi mapangidwe a boma la anthu Asilavo. ngakhale mfundo "Chisilavo" kawirikawiri sanamvetsedwe ndi ankaona ponena za "Russian". Komanso, pali maganizo kuti Chisilavo - ndi mtundu. chisokonezo ichi onse.

ndi Asilavo ndi ndani?

Asilavo amapanga Europe yaikulu ethno-zinenero ammudzi. Mkati, pali magulu atatu akulu akulu: kwa Asilavo East (.. Ie, Russian, Belarusians ndi Ukrainians), Western (Zitsulo, Czechs, Sorbs ndi Slovakia) ndi South Asilavo (mwa iwo adzatchedwa Bosniaks, Serbia, Makedoniya, Croatia Bulgarians, Montenegro, Slovenia). Chisilavo - ndi osati dziko monga mtundu - lingaliro kuchepera. Munthu mitundu Asilavo inakhazikitsidwa ndi mochedwa, pamene Asilavo (kapena kani, Asilavo wakale) anali allocated ochokera m'midzi m'mayiko a ku Ulaya ndi theka zaka zikwi BC. e. Panapita zaka zingapo, ndipo iwo aphunzira apaulendo akale. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka Asilavo latchulidwa ndi azambiriyakale Roma "Wends": ku magwero analembedwa amadziwika kuti mafuko Asilavo anachita nkhondo ndi Germany.

Amakhulupirira kuti malo Asilavo (yeniyeni, malo zinapangidwa ngati dera) linali dera pakati pa Oder ndi Vistula (ena olemba kuti pakati pa Oder ndi pakati Inde wa Dnieper).

ethnonym

Apa n'zomveka kuganizira za chiyambi cha mawu akuti "Chisilavo." Mu anthu olden nthawi zambiri amatchedwa pambuyo mtsinje amene mabanki ankakhala. Dnieper kalelo ankatchedwa monga "Slavutich". Muzu wa "ulemerero" akhoza agona mawu ambiri onse a m'mayiko kleu, kutanthauza kutchuka kapena kudziwika. Palinso buku wamba: "Slovakia", "tslovak" ndipo pamapeto pake, "Chisilavo" - izo zangokhala "mwamuna" kapena "munthu amene amalankhula chinenero chathu." Oimira mafuko wakale wa alendo amene analankhula chinenero chachilendo, ambiri saona anthu. Lodzipatsa wa anthu - mwachitsanzo, "Mansi" kapena "Nenets" - nthawi zambiri amatanthauza "munthu" kapena "munthu."

Economy. zinthu zokhudza

Chisilavo - mlimi. Yesetsani makolo dziko la Asilavo anaphunzira mmbuyo mu masiku pamene onse m'mayiko a azungu anali ndi chinenero. Mu Gawo kumpoto achita slash ndiponso kutentha ulimi kum'mwera - ugonere. Grew mapira, tirigu, balere, rye, fulakesi ndi hemp. mbewu kudziwika masamba: kabichi, Beets, turnips. The Asilavo ankakhala nkhalango steppe mabacteria, kotero chinkhoswe ndi kusaka ndi apiculture, komanso usodzi. Iwo anakweza ng'ombe. The Asilavo zinalengedwa khalidwe pa nthawi zida, mbiya, zipangizo zaulimi.

Mu magawo oyambirira chitukuko cha Asilavo analipo m'dera mafuko, zomwe zinasintha pang'onopang'ono mu mnansi. Chifukwa cha nkhondo ya wamba anatulukira kudziwa; Ndinadziwana dziko ndi dongosolo limodzi m'malo ndi ang'onoang'ono.

Cacikulu mbiri Asilavo Kale

Mu kumpoto kwa Asilavo anakhala mbali ndi mbali ndi Baltic ndi mafuko Germany kumadzulo - ndi Aselote, kum'mawa - ndi Asikuti ndi Sarmatians, ndi kumwera - ndi wakale Amakedoniya, Thracians, Illyrians. Kumapeto kwa 5 m'ma BC. e. anafika Baltic ndi Black Pacific, ndi atumwi 8 anafika Nyanja Ladoga ndi katswiri Balkans. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma 10 za Asilavo wotanganidwa dzikolo, kuyambira Volga kwa Elbe, ku Mediterranean ku Baltic. Chochitachi kusamuka chifukwa cha nkhondo ya wongosamukasamuka ku Central Asia, kuukira nyumba Germany, komanso kusintha kwa nyengo ku Europe: fuko lililonse anakakamizika kufunafuna m'mayiko ena.

Mbiri ya East European Plain Asilavo

Kum'mawa Asilavo (makolo a Ukrainians ano, Belarusians ndi Russian) kwa 9 m'ma AD. e. Iwo anatenga dzikolo, kuyambira Carpathians kwa malire pakati pa Oka ndi Upper Don, kuchokera Ladoga ku Middle Dnieper. Iwo alumikizirana ndi m'dera Finno-Ugric ndi Baltic mayiko. Kale m'zaka 6, mafuko yaing'ono anayamba kulowa migwirizano ndi mzake, amene chizindikiro cha kubadwa kwa statehood. Pa mutu uliwonse wa Union anali mtsogoleri wa asilikali.

Mayina a mapangano a mafuko amadziwika onse a Maphunziro a mbiri: izo drevlyans ndi vyatichi ndi northerners, ndi krivichi. Koma odziwika mwina kudula ndi Ilmen Slovenia. Woyamba anali kukhala m'mbali mwa malire pakati pa Dnieper maziko Kiev, lomaliza ankakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja Ilmen ndi Novgorod anamanga. Adanyamuka 9 m'zaka "njira ku Scandinavia kwa Agiriki" chinathandiza likutukuka, ndipo kenako, gulu mizindayi. Choncho m'chaka cha 882 panali chikhalidwe cha Asilavo a Plain East European - Russia.

apamwamba nthano

Asilavo sitinganene kuti anthu akale. Mosiyana ndi Aiguputo Amwenye, iwo analibe nthawi kukhala patsogolo m'nthano dongosolo. Amadziwika kuti nthano cosmogonic wa Asilavo (T. E. The nthano za chiyambi cha dziko) ndi zambiri zofanana ndi Finno-Ugric. Iwo kukhalira dzira imene "kubadwa" dziko, ndi abakha awiri mkulu wa wapamwamba mulungu mwankhanza matope pansi pa nyanja kulenga yadothi mtunda. Poyamba Asilavo ankalambira Ndodo ndi Rozhanitsy kenako - munthu mphamvu za chilengedwe (Perun, Svarog, Mokosh Dazhdbog).

Pali lingaliro la paradaiso - Iria (Vyrii), Mtengo World (Dube). The maganizo a chipembedzo cha Asilavo anayamba pamodzi mizere mofanana lina anthu a ku Ulaya (pambuyo Asilavo wakale - ndi European!): The deification la zochitika zachilengedwe ndi kuzindikira wa Mulungu mmodzi. Amadziwika kuti m'zaka 10 BC. e. Prince Vladimir anali kuyesera kuti "ukhale ndi" gulu la kupanga mulungu wamkulu Perun - woyang'anira woyera wa asilikali. Koma kusintha analephera, ndi mkulu anali kulabadira Chikhristu. Kukakamizidwa zachikunja Komabe, sanathe kwathunthu kuwononga mfundo zachikunja: Eliya Mneneri anayamba kugwiritsidwa Perun, ndipo Khristu ndi Virgin Mary anayamba kutchulidwa mu malemba a zithumwa zamatsenga.

m'munsi nthano

Kalanga, Asilavo nthano za milungu ndi ngwazi sizinalembedwe. Koma anthu awa analenga bwino anayamba m'munsi nthano, imene anthu - goblins, mermaids, MIZUKWA Zalozhnev, Bannikov, ovinnik ndi poludenitsy - kudziwika kwa ife mwa nyimbo za, nkhani, miyambi. Back kumayambiriro wamba m'ma 20 anauza ethnographers za momwe mungadzitetezere ku werewolf ndi mgwilizano ndi madzi. Ena zotsala za chikunja moyo mu malingaliro otchuka mpaka tsopano.