Axiology nthanthi - chiphunzitsochi kukuvumbulanso amatsogoza moyo

Ambiri mwa munthu analankhula za kufunika kwake. Ndipo kodi phindu pyasiyana kwa tanthauzo la moyo, zolinga, ndiwo wamtengo wapatali kwambiri, zomwe lero limafanana ndi nthawi? nkhani zonsezi zokhudza makhalidwe a anthu odzipereka kwa sayansi, wamng'ono kwambiri, gawo la nzeru. Axiology (monga adaitanidwa Greek "axiom" amatanthauza "mtengo") anayamba kutuluka mu Ages Middle, monga anthu kwa zaka nkhawa malo wake m'dziko lino, pakati pa anthu ena ndi chikhalidwe.

Axiology mu Philosophy, koyamba ndi kufunafuna cholinga cha moyo, zabwino wa munthu, pogwiritsa kufunika kwake. Kenako, cholinga cha Pofunafuna nthanthi ndi mtima wofuna kutengera (kapena pawekha) wamba kwa anthu onse (kapena anthu) katundu. kuyesa izi, ndithudi, analephera. Koma nzeru ena wotsutsana choonadi wabadwa. Ndipo tsopano aliyense akudziwa kuti izo sizingakhale yunifolomu kuti mfundo zonse. Aliyense ali nazo ndipo amadalira chakuti moyo wa munthu ali apamwamba mtengo zotengera malingaliridwe kwa iye.

Ndipo komabe, mu mbiri ya mtundu wa aliyense wa ife zaka ophatikizana yaikulu, kuwatsogolera titero, mfundo zenizeni. Mu Middle Ages, mtengo wapatali kwambiri anali ndi chikhulupiriro mwa Mulungu ndi cholinga cha moyo - kupereka msonkho kwa Ambuye. Mpaka m'ma 20 zofufuza zonse nthanthi zinali zochepa kuti mudziwe maganizo a anthu ndi kufunafuna zabwino, mwachitsanzo. E. Abwino.

Choncho, axiology nzeru "anayamba kuganizira" lingaliro la mtengo ndi m'zaka za m'ma 20, ndi pamodzi ndi iye ndipo anayesa kufotokoza ndondomeko makonda dziko munthuyo ndi anthu wonse ndi mmene kuzindikira ichi limafanana ndi wauzimu, zipembedzo ndi zokongoletsa mfundo za nthawi inayake . Choncho, axiology nzeru "wakhala osiyana" mfundo zoyambirira za nzeru za mfundo zofunikira ndi kufufuza zambiri za iwo, kuphunzira njira sayansi ambiri molondola akuganizira zenizeni. Only tsopano chidziwitso axiology analola kuti timvetsetsetse chikhalidwe cha makhalidwe a anthu ndi zopanga zosiyana.

Makhalidwe - kumvetsa munthu wa zochitika zina, zofunika kwambiri kwa iye, amphamvu kwambiri pa moyo wake. N'chiyani chingachititse kwambiri maganizo, ndipo masamba palibe aliyense osayanjanitsika. Chinachake kumene amadalira pafupifupi mapeto a moyo wake. Kudziwa zimenezi zachokera pa zochitika zina za malingaliro a munthu za dziko, za akamanena za zinthu. Choncho, aliyense wa mtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi zinthu zosiyana kwathunthu. Ngati maganizo anu malo ake mu dziko mizu chikhulupiriro kuti azikhala moyo chabe, ngati inu musati kubweretsa mwana mu dziko - ndiye mtengo wa ana anu ndi ana anu m'tsogolo. Ngati makolo anu mizu mwa inu (mwadala kapena mwadala) ndi kumvetsetsa zenizeni: ". Dziko ndi ankhanza, koma banja akhoza kuima kwa inu, monga mabwenzi apamtima sadzakhala adzandipereka" Ndiye kufunika anu apamwamba ndi mabanja athu. Ubwino mwina ndalama, ngati m'choonadi kwa munthu lagona pa mfundo: apamwamba ndalama wabwino, akhoza kugula chilichonse. Ubwino akhoza kukhala okwera wauzimu wa dziko zoweta. Etc., etc., etc.

Anzeruwo AXIOLOGY amachenjezanso yathu yabwino bwino, amene umakhudza malingaliro a dziko ndi mtengo kwambiri. Tikaonanso chitsanzo chathu: ngati mkazi abwino moyo adzakhala ndi banja losangalala, ndipo amayesetsa kuti akonze izo (pakapita kulowa mfundo cholinga); ngati munthu wapanga chifaniziro cha bwino, ndalama wolemera ndi ulesi amuna, iye adzafuna yesetsani kukhala choncho, ndipo mosakayikira adzakhala. Choncho axiology nzeru "chimagwirizanitsa" mayunitsi aumunthu.

Today axiology monga mfundo za chiphunzitso mwachangu akufotokozera, zigawo latsopano la sayansi wamng'ono uyu. Kodi siziwoneka kugawa monga axiology pedagogical, chifukwa mtundu uliwonse n'kofunika bwanji kuphunzitsa achinyamata, makhalidwe ndi mfundo kuti am'patse. Ndipotu, izo zimatengera pa iye, mtundu wa anthu tidzakhala ndi moyo, tikhala ndi moyo ana athu, adzukulu athu. Fuko lirilonse zochimwazo kumathetsa vutoli yake. Iwo Tingaone mu mfundo za kusiyana kwathu, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa makhalidwe a anthu ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana komanso mayiko ayi pomvetsetsana. Koma kusiyana maganizo pang'ono - ziri bwino, bola ngati lonse, ife amavomereza mfundo yakuti Mwachitsanzo, nkhondo - iyi si njira yabwino kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo, kuti chilengedwe ndi thandizo kwa wina ndi mzake idzamupindulira kwambiri ku mayiko onse ...