Cardiology. mtima mavavu - moyo wa munthu

Healthy mtima amatchedwa amphamvu, ntchito mosalekeza ndi mosalekeza thupi. kukula kwake limafanana ndi kukula kwa nkhonya anthu ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi mazana asanu magalamu. Kuwonjezera ntchito yake yaikulu kuonetsetsa yachibadwa (khola) magazi, ndi wokhoza kuti azolowere zofuna kusintha kwa chamoyo zonse.

Ndikugwira ntchito ziwiri mpope, mtima amapereka magazi thupi lonse. Kudzera mwa khoma minofu (septum) kuti lagawidwa amachepetsa. Theka lililonse limapangidwa zipinda ziwiri (atria ndi ventricles).

The atrium ufulu wolandira magazi lonse la m'munsi ndi chapamwamba mbali za thupi. Malinga ndi valavu tricuspid magazi amapita ku ventricle komwe, mwa kuwala vavu tsinde m'menemo mapampu magazi. Mpweya, iwo anatumiza kwa atrium kumanzere. Kuchokera kumeneko ndi mitral vavu magazi zipita ventricle kumanzere, amene ali valavu kung'ambika kugawira magazi thupi lonse. Kuwapatsa zida thupi la mpweya, izo zatha, kachiwiri akulowa atrium bwino.

mavavu mtima Muolowetsa mbali ina "zitseko" pakati m'zipinda. Sikuti kuthandiza kufalitsa magazi patsogolo, komanso kuteteza gulu lake m'mbuyo. mavavu wathanzi mtima ndi pamakhala, wopangidwa mwa woonda, mawonekedwe kusintha yachibadwa minofu. Pamene mtima ndi omasuka ndiponso kuchepetsa kutsegula ndi kutseka chikuchitika bwino.

Kubadwa zopindika zingachititse kudwala. mavavu mtima akhoza ataphimbidwa ndi zipsera kapena kuonongeka chifukwa cha matenda, enaake ophwanya malungo, matenda otengera, matenda a mtima. Kuwononga ingayambe mu mphamvu ya m'badwo anthu. Anthu ambiri pa chiopsezo ndi valavu mitral. Pamene izi zimachitika reguritatsiya (mitral regurgitation), mmene muli kutayikira magazi valavu motsogozedwa n'zosiyana pambuyo kutseka mavavu lapansi. Mu nkhani iyi, ntchito ya mtima akukhala kwambiri - izo tikuyesetsa kutsatira zofunika kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi ndi zoperewerazo kulephera. Kuwonongeka kwa mavavu mtima ndipo zikuphatikiza stenosis (kuchepetsa wa valavu kutsegula), mu mwazi umadutsa valavu zoipa. Pankhaniyi, monga thupi limayamba kulimbikira kwambiri kuti tiyeni magazi zokwanira kutsegula yopapatiza. Chotero mavuto ena mtima imafoola izo, izo zimayambitsa kuti awonjezere ndipo kumayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu mankhwala zofunikira ndipo moyang'aniridwa moyenera mankhwala, matenda a mtima, moyo wonse. Komabe, zimachitika kuti mankhwala musati kubweretsa mphamvu iliyonse kapena zovulaza thanzi. Malinga chikhalidwe, dokotala angakupatseni kubwezeretsa kapena apulasitiki mitral valavu. Komabe, vuto la deformations kwambiri kapena kuwonongeka kuchira Sindizakubweretsanso zotsatira ankafunila. Mu lotereli makamaka kovuta, muyenera mtima vavu m'malo. Opaleshoni alowererepo chofunika pa isanayambike zizindikiro za kulephera aakulu mtima ndi kuchepa kwambiri ejection magazi kumanzere ventricle (systolic kukanika).

Kukhazikitsanso (kubwezeretsa, pulasitiki) valavu ikuchitika ndi kuteteza vavu wake mtima. Pankhaniyi, pambuyo opaleshoni ya mtima si thandizo la phwando nthawi zonse mankhwala magazi-kupatulira.

Ndi amphamvu, osati amenable kukonza kuonongeka kusankha m'malo (apulasitiki) valavu. Chifukwa chaichi, makina (yokumba) kapena tizilombo (minofu) ziwalo.

Mawotchi mavavu mtima ndi odalirika kwambiri ndi cholimba, musati amafuna m'malo. Komabe, iwo ndi chidwi drawback - pofuna kupewa magazi coagulation, wodwalayo pambuyo opaleshoni tisonyezeni lolingana medicaments moyo.

ziwalo Tizilombo anapangidwa kuchokera mankhwala ankachitira mitima nyama kachigawo (akavalo, ng'ombe kapena nkhumba). Pambuyo unsembe wa minofu vavu prosthesis kwa wodwala osati Kwalamulidwa mankhwala, thinners magazi. Komabe, moyo utumiki wa prosthesis ndi ochepa nthawi, ndipo patapita nthawi zina (zaka khumi ndi khumi) zikadzawonongedwa, chifukwa mu zotheka opareshoni yachiwiri.