Chakupha Bowa galerina m'mphepete. mbali

Anakumana pickers bowa kumachilambalala kutali mbali mu nkhalango zathu ndi chilimwe, bowa wotchedwa "galerina m'mphepete mwa" zokhuza kumaliseche a chakupha.

mafotokozedwe ambiri

Galerina - ndi wamfupi ndi nkhuni nthaka saprophytes Cortinariaceae banja. mbali Main - ndi chikasu bulauni kapu mwamphamvu Ufumuyo mbale, ndi zofiirira spore kulisindikiza. Khama la mitundu wachokera zina zovuta, T. Kwa. Zizindikiro izi si motero. Okwana pali mpaka mazana angapo galerina mitundu. Magwero osiyanasiyana deta osiyana, kotero chiwerengero chenicheni zovuta kunena. kusintha chidwi anapanga chifukwa cha zofufuza kupitirirabe majini yoperekedwa kwa mtundu uwu wa bowa. M'gululi muli poyizoni kwambiri ankaona galerina m'mphepete, chithunzi ndi kufotokoza zimene zili m'nkhani ino.

maonekedwe

Kagulu kapu awiri si oposa 4 cm mu siteji kukula ali ndi mawonekedwe conical, ndi otukukira kunja-kukhwima amakhala Kudzilambatitsa, nthawi zina mosabisa. Pakatikati zambiri masamba bampu yaing'ono. Slaborubchatye m'mbali mwa kapu ya, pang'ono translucent. Pa mkulu chinyezi matte kusalaza pamwamba yokutidwa ake lipkovatoy ntchofu. Pafupipafupi tsamba bowa wamng'ono akhoza kutseka ndi woyera fibrous filimu.

Mtundu wa kapu amadalira chinyezi lapansi. Mu nyengo yamvula ali pabuka m'malo owala, wooneka kapena chikasu bulauni mtundu. Kudzera mbandakucha, pafupifupi translucent m'mbali kuonekera mbale Mzere. Mu youma nthawi galerina m'mphepete amakhala duller wotumbululuka chikasu.

Tsinde cylindrical izi bowa woonda makulidwe a masentimita kuchokera 0.1 kuti 0.5 mwina ndi kutalika kwa 5-7 masentimita kumtunda kwa mbandakucha ake, ali ❖ kuyanika woyera, ndi pansi -. Masoka Oopsa ndi nthawi amakhala pafupifupi bulauni. Pa mwendo Chilwa leathery, pang'ono anakweza mphete kuti Mwamsanga ndi zaka. Spores ndi dzimbiri-bulauni chabwino ufa.

Zimapezekanso

Bowa galerina m'mphepete anagawira kulikonse, ndi ambiri ku Ulaya, Caucasus ndi ku Central Asia, North America, Russia, ndi ngakhale mu Australia.

Kamakhala makamaka m'madera m'madambo ndi nkhalango. Kukula, kawirikawiri pa humus matabwa a mitengo coniferous kapena mitundu pafupi mbiya, pa stumps, zina pa nthaka yokutidwa ndi Moss. Zakudya bowa afika kudzera oipa a organic. The yanyumba polysaccharides ndi chifukwa michere ya tochoka ndi ambiri a magulu akuluakulu.

galerina aonekera zambiri m'mphepete mwa June, koma zokolola Unyinji wa bowa izi zimachitika kuchokera August kwa October, ndi pa yophukira yaitali ofunda, mukhoza kukumana nazo November. Chimakula makamaka yekha. Fruiting zambiri amapezeka mu September zimatha mpaka November.

wamamamayikirosikopu

mitundu kwambiri variable ali M'mphepete galerina. Photos anatengedwa ndi maso kuti amatsimikizira kuti spores ambiri osiyanasiyana a bowa izi. Pali options ndi adherent perisporiem, ndipo pafupifupi mfulu kwathunthu, ndi amalembedwa kuti amakhala osiyana, kapena nthawi zina sitili ake.

Spores amondi, makwinya, kukula 7-10h5.5-7 microns. Plevrotsistidy ndi spindle woboola pakati, khosi pamwamba pa yawo pang'ono anamaliza.

kawopsedwe

Galerina m'mphepete - kwambiri chakupha bowa, kupanga poizoni chomwecho, womwenso chikho imfa. kawopsedwe chake kudziwika kwa zaka zoposa 100., kuyambira 1912 ntsiku eneyo, pamene woyamba choncho amapha anauzidwa mu United States. Ndiye malipoti poisonings anaonekera galerina amapha mobwerezabwereza. Only mu nthawi kuchokera 1978 mpaka 1995, milandu 11 poyizoni aakulu ankalembedwa zisanu zimene limadzetsa imfa. Otsala odwala sikisi Michigan, Kansas ndi Ohio akwanitsa atamaliza maphunziro a mankhwala.

Zizindikiro za poyizoni si mwamsanga, ndipo tsiku pambuyo ntchito bowa chakudya. Zizindikiro yoyamba kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, pokodza zimabwezera malungo. Patapita masiku 3, zizindikiro zokha, pali nthawi ya kusintha chenicheni. Koma posakhalitsa zizindikiro za matenda a chikasu ndiyo, ndipo anthu amafa chifukwa cha kulemala ntchito chiwindi. Nthawi zambiri kuonedwa ngati bowa ena alowa galerina chakudya m'mphepete. Kodi kusiyanitsa izo, kupewa kukhala wovulalayo lotsatira, mungaphunzire pa nkhani imeneyi.

Kawopsedwe chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa bowa mmenemo poizoni alpha- ndi beta-Amantino. Izi mapeputisayidi bicyclic, chakupha kwambiri, koma wosakwiya kumasulidwa. The watsopano amatoksinov okhutira 78-270 mg wa pa 1 g wa thupi chipatso, amene ndi apamwamba kuposa mu toadstool wotumbululuka kukula pa dera la ku Ulaya. ndende wotero amatha kupha mwana masekeli 20 makilogalamu khumi Ntchito yapakatikati bowa.

Galerina m'mphepete - kusiyanitsa uchi agaric

Wamkulu kufanana chakupha galerina ali ndi chilimwe amanena. Ndi zambiri kusokoneza ake pickers novice bowa. Kuti asasokonezeke, m'pofunika kudziwa mbali za maonekedwe a tsiku lililonse bowa izi, ndi kusonyeza maso angathe mu deta awo. Muyenera konse bowa nkhalango coniferous - iwo kukula kumeneko, koma chifukwa galerina ndi malo amakonda. Nthawi zambiri amalima singly kapena masango ang'onoang'ono. Bowa zambiri anaika gulu lalikulu. Ndiponso, ndi kutchulidwa pa mphete mwendo umene uli kwina bowa poyizoni.

Mu nkhani ya chikaiko ulemu wa bowa anapeza bwino kuwasiya m'nkhalangomo ndipo musati alola pangozi yoopsa.