Chikhalidwe chikhalidwe cha upandu mu malamulo a boma

Upandu akutumikira monga munthu siyana zikuluzikulu za malamulo a boma. Pofuna kupewa makhalidwe oletsedwa ndi machitidwe a ntchito anapereka malamulo, ndi Code Wachifwamba muli mndandanda wa zinthu zomwe loopsa kwa munthu, boma, anthu.

Genesis mbiri ya umbanda ndi chikhalidwe chake chikhalidwe

Mabuku zoweta malamulo ndi posachedwapa zofunika ndi kuganiza kuti kuchita n'kosaloleka chilango monga chitsanzo osiyana khalidwe la nkhani, anatuluka chifukwa cha gulu la anthu m'magulu osiyana. Zimenezi iyesedwa yolungama chifukwa chakuti mfundo za chilengedwe ndi ngozi chikhalidwe cha upandu limangonyezimiritsa gulu lalikulu kwa nzika zonse. Iye akhapidziwa kuti khalidwe loipa waphwanya mfundo za kukhalapo wabwinobwino wa kalasi patsogolo.

Social ndi mbiri yakale chikhalidwe cha upandu chifukwa chakuti chitsanzo yokha limawonekera pa siteji ena a Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe. Ngati inu kusintha nyumba gulu zachuma wokhutira kusintha malinga, mkati limene pali boma kukhazikitsidwa ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito yoikidwa pamaso pawo. zinthu izi ali osiyana nyengo kudziwa mlingo wosiyana wa ngozi tizikhala. Pa chikhulupiriro Soviet kuti m'dziko la chikhalidwe chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya umbanda siyenera ndizodabwitsa monga kagulu koopsa, m'mbali anakana. Izi ndi chifukwa kopanda wa zosayembekezereka ya molakwika. Iye akhapidziwa kuti mfundo za "uthunthu chikhalidwe ndi zinthu zachiwawa" akusonyeza ngozi yekha zofuna kalasi. olemba Komabe, ambiri amanena kuti mawu izi pachabe. Chiyambi cha udindo uwu ndi chifukwa osamva zoimira kalasi ambiri.

Chikhalidwe chikhalidwe cha upandu (mwachidule)

Choyamba, izo kwaiye kucheza ndi chuma chimene munthu amakhala ndi akufotokozera. Zimenezi akufotokoza mfundo yakuti monga chifukwa khalidwe loipa amachita mwachindunji zinthu za nkhani inayake. chifuniro ndi luso munthu kuthana ndi mavuto, kulabadira mmene zinthu zina. Timatha inu kukhotetsa mphamvu malingaliro. Chikhalidwe chikhalidwe cha upandu kumaonekera mu mphamvu ya zenizeni zachilengedwe a munthu, ndiye mavuto alionse. Chifukwa chakuti khalidwe loipa kumafuna kuwonongeka kwa zinthu boma ndi ena omwe amatetezedwa ndi lamulo, izo nthawizonse ayesedwa moyipa kwambiri mwalamulo kuposa kuyan'anila ena. Social ndi malamulo chikhalidwe cha upandu kumapereka lingaliro la kukhalapo nkhondo pakati pa gulu ndipo munthu. ngozi Public mwachindunji anatsimikiza kuya kwake, choncho amafuna kuyankha malamulo kuthetsa izo.

prerequisites

Chikhalidwe chikhalidwe ya milandu zimachitika zifukwa zingapo. Iwo kwaiye ndi khalidwe, chuma, kusemphana maganizo. Zifukwa zifukwa criminalization khalidwe kupitirira lamulo kuyan'anila za nkhaniyi. Pa khalidwe limeneli oletsedwa wa chitsanzo atsimikiziridwa zochokera kuphunzira ubale wogwila anthu a. Awa, mu maphunziro a kusiyanitsa iwo amene woopsawo. Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe makhalidwe a criminalization zimakhudza mfundo za boma polimbana zodabwitsazi. Tikumbukenso kuti chikhalidwe cha anthu ambiri upandu akhoza kuphunzira kwayekha mkati chodabwitsa iliyonse chikhalidwe cha malire ena. Pankhaniyi, kusanthula ukhala ngati mmodzi mwa njira methodological. Njira imeneyi ali ndi chidwi, koma zochepa chidziwitso.

udindo wina

Chikhalidwe chikhalidwe milandu akhoza kuphunzira mu chimango cha ndale, chikhalidwe, za chuma ndi khalidwe la dera ndi dziko. Pamene kusanthula izi unakambidwanso mogwirizana ndi matenda zochepa zoopsa ndi zolakwika negative. Izi milandu, ziwerengero chigawenga, motero, poyerekeza ndi zomwe ena, kuphatikizapo zizindikiro za boma khalidwe pamalo, yazamalamulo.

deta Population

Chikhalidwe chikhalidwe cha upandu mu malamulo a boma amaphunzira kudzera kusanthula magulu a chindunji:

1. pansi, chifukwa kumayambitsa mitundu yonse ya ntchito zokhudza nzika, makamaka udindo wawo ndi makhalidwe. Choncho Mwachitsanzo, akazi yodziwika ntchito chiwawa ndi chochepa chigawenga. Choncho, mu midzi, kunyumba kwa amuna ochepa, zochita zina zachiwawa zimachitika.

2. zaka, kuyambira nthawi iliyonse nthawi mu moyo wa munthu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ena upandu. Mwachitsanzo, wachinyamata nthawi zambiri tikudzipereka kuba, kugwirira chigololo, kuba, hooliganism. Anthu opitirira zaka 50 ali amakonda kuchita umbanda zachuma, kuchita oletsedwa ndi ntchito ya akuluakulu, ndi zina zotero.

unzika

Mtundu uliwonse ali ake miyambo yekha, maziko. Anthu ndaleredwa mu mwambo uliwonse, kusonyeza mawonetseredwe awo pa chifukwa chakuti zinthu zina akanati am'peza ndi mlandu pakati pa abale, sibwenzi anatumikira athamangitsidwe ku malo awo mwachizolowezi. Mitundu ya zochita chigawenga khalidwe likhoza kulumikizidwa ndi zochitika yamkuntho wamba mu njira imodzi kapena State wina.

i ena

Njirazi ndi monga:

1. Religion. Chochititsa chidwi criminological kufunika Mwachitsanzo, chakuti Asilamu sangakhale ndi vuto mowa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti upandu pa maziko a uchidakwa m'dera sadzakhala ndi mtengo mkulu.

2. banja. Midzi latsopano Siberia pa nthawi anali yodziwika ndi upandu, ankaikira achinyamata ndi ana. Mu nkhani iyi, amachita monga chizindikiro zofunika chiwerengero cha nzika, kuphatikizapo ana, amene amakhala m'nyumba zosaoneka bwino, monga momwe makolo awo kapena iwo, ndi grandmothers / grandfathers. The zolemba otsiriza zambiri bungwe kulamulira.

Mbali zachuma

Popeza ndi yogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe mmene anthu akamanena za chinthu upandu. Pophunzira criminalization secrete zinthu monga:

1. Kufunika kwa mabungwe ndi makampani a specialization osiyana.
2. Umoyo-akatswiri Kapangidwe ka nzika (antchito a sayansi ndi chikhalidwe, zaumoyo, mafakitale zoyendera ndi zina zotero).
3. Population kapangidwe ndi revenues ukubwera ndi ndalama. Izi zimatengera magwero nkhani ndalama, kukula ndi chikhalidwe cha ndalama (pa olumala okhutira, kulera ana entrepreneurship, ndalama, etc.). Komanso, amaonanso kukhalapo ndi chiwerengero cha anthu osowa pokhala komanso anthu amene ali gwero okhazikika ndalama.
4. The chiŵerengero cha makampani ndi mabizinezi umwini osiyana ndi mtundu gulu malamulo.
5. Kulunjika mapangidwe ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu opaleshoni m'chigawochi. Izi amaganizira kupezeka kwa kupanga zoweta, kukopa anthu oyendetsa nyengo, zolaula ndi zizindikiro za kusowa ntchito zobisika, kusamuka umayenda.
6. Kupereka likufunikiradi ofunika kwambiri kuti apulumuke ndi kubalana.

Kulunjika mwa ntchito za mabungwe ang'onoang'ono kuti ntchito mu chigawo chomwe mufuna, ndi mbali yaikulu pa makhalidwe a criminalization. Makamaka, kuphwanya dongosolo la yobereka zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, ndi miyala kuti boma ndi ambiri apo, pomwe iwo ali migodi. malonda oletsedwa makamaka chikuchitika mu gawo la predominance nyumba payekha malonda.

Mbali andale

kuphunzira zinthu zotsatirazi adzakhala ku malo awa:

1. Kupezeka / pakalibe kusiyana lakuthwa mu zinthu andale a magulu ena a anthu, njira kuthetsa iwo. Mwachitsanzo, ndi zotsutsana exacerbation pakati pa nyumba osauka ndi olemera angayambe zachiwawa, moto, kulanda.
2. ndi kayendedwe ndale ndi maphwando kugwira ntchito mu dera chiyani, nanga ndi dongosolo la mapangidwe awo, zikuchokera, makhalidwe a mogwirizana awo.
3. Kodi m'dera mphamvu kupereka kwa anthu wamba chidwi.
4. Kodi mapangidwe nyumba ntchitoyi, ngati pali kuyan'anila za ufulu wa ndale ndi china Munyumba ya anthu.
5. Features wa ubale ndi mabungwe, mabungwe a m'dera lawo komanso maboma a m'mayikowo.

Mphamvu ya chikhalidwe

The yamakolo mbali ya kuphunzira upandu chikugwirizana ndi kuphunzira zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. chiwerengero ndi dongosolo la mabungwe a, chikhalidwe ndi mmene nkhani za anthu chidwi.
2. Miyambo olakwika, miyambo, njira yokhazikitsidwa ya kuthetsa kusamvana ndi amakumana ndi mavuto.
3. Mlingo wa maphunziro akatswiri ndi kuphunzitsa anthu.
4. Features zofuna ndi zosowa za anthu pa za dziko la mizimu.

Ntchito masewero, mabungwe chikhalidwe zimakhudza chikhalidwe cha yopuma. Izi ndi zoonekeratu makamaka m'madera achinyamata ndithu. Ndiyeno zimenezi umaonekera upandu m'dera yopuma (mwachitsanzo, anachita kuba Ndinapereka ndalama ku kasino). mlingo maphunziro watsimikiza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha mitundu yambiri ya khalidwe chigawenga. Mwachitsanzo, munthu zambiri mwaluntha anayamba zambiri kuchita zoletsedwa mu dera zachuma.

Pomaliza

chitsanzo Statistical kumadalira kusintha malamulo wachifwamba. Pa nkhani imeneyi, m'pofunika nthawi anapereka, kaya kuwonjezeka zolakwa chikugwirizana ndi criminalization, ndipo kuchepa - ndi decriminalization. Pali chinthu china chofunika kwambiri. Limachita mbali yaikulu ku chikhalidwe malamulo, maganizo a anthu kafukufuku pa nkhondo yolimbana ndi umbanda. Ngati nzika musati amakonda kugwirizana ndi mabungwe yazamalamulo, ali pokha pokha kwapadera, idzasimba pa mfundo chigawenga. Zikatero, ndi kachedwedwe (invisibility) achiwawa kwambiri.