Chimphona sequoia: chithunzi. Chimakula sequoia chimphona kuti?

Chimphona sequoia kapena yaikuluyi mtengo (mmene aliyense umatchedwa) ndi chimodzi cha mitengo yaikulu mu dziko. Komanso, ochitidwa ndi cimodzi za zozizwa zambiri dziko. Banja la chimphona mtengo coniferous angafikire ndi kutalika kwa pa 110 meters, ndi kutsinde awiri ake mamita 12. The moyo amayembekezeka wa chozizwitsa cha chilengedwe Sindingachite. Chimphona sequoia amakhala a zaka zoposa 5,000.

Mbiri ya yatsoka

Pakali pano, asayansi kuona kuti mitundu mtengo Padziko Lapansi zaka 140 miliyoni zapitazo. Titha ndi Point ndipo mafupawa kuphunzira ndi zina madipoziti miyala, pa maziko amene n'zotheka kuwerengera pafupifupi nyengo ya zikamera wa chachikulu zolengedwa wachibadwa pa dziko lapansi.

Kale sequoia kuwonjezera ku gawo masiku ano umadziwika France, Japan, ndipo ngakhale mu Chatsopano Siberia Islands. mtengo waukulu kale mu nthawi Jurassic, pamene zinyamazi lokhalamo dzikoli, ndipo ngakhale ndiye nkhalango zatenga malo aakulu mu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Akatswiri amanena zaka 50 miliyoni zapitazo, chifukwa chakuti kutentha Padziko Lapansi watsikira kwambiri, ayezi zaka anayamba. Chimphona sequoia unatha Zafalikira dzikoli, ndi uthunthu wake kwambiri yafupika. Pambuyo n'kumawotha mitengo anakhalabe pa siteji yomweyo chitukuko anali kukula dera limodzi lokha.

Woyamba chimphona sequoia anapeza Spain, amene mu 1769 anatumiza ulendo wopita kudera la pano San Francisco. dzina lake mitengo Mammoth analandira kwa zilankhulo ndi katswiri S. Endlifera amene poyamba anawatcha "mitengo wofiira." Poyamba, palibe akudziwa zoyenera kuchita ndi izi moyo wautali kwambiri. Iwo nkomwe masuku pamutu, chifukwa chakuti makungwa cholimba kovuta kumugwetsera iye pansi, monga iwo sanatenge nkhwangwa kapena macheka. Kuwonjezera nkhuni zonse zinali osayenera kwambiri yomanga, monga mitengo ya paini kapena ena conifers. Forest chimphona sequoia ngakhale pansi awonongedwe mu 1848. Ndi nthawi oposa theka la mitengo zawonongedwa, boma la United States aganiza kuyamba kuteteza zolengedwa zodabwitsa za chilengedwe.

lero

Lero, nkhalango zachilengedwe a redwoods amaonedwa katundu anthu, koma iwo apirira yekha pa Pacific gombe la California. Komanso yaikuluyi mtengo amamera otsetsereka kumadzulo kwa Sierra Nevada Mountains. Awa ndi malo omwe mtembo wa chodabwitsa ndi chozizwitsa zimphona nkhalango adakali anapulumutsidwa. malo Izi chimakwirira kudera la pafupi 670 makilomita mwa nyanja ndipo pafupifupi 45 makilomita kumtunda. Chimphona sequoia limakula mkulu mu mapiri, chifukwa mkulu chinyezi wofunikila izo. Komabe yaikuluyi mtengo uzigwirizana ndi otsika kutentha kuti anathandiza zodabwitsa za dziko kuti apulumuke zaka ayezi.

Chaka chilichonse mu United States amakopa alendo masauzande ambiri amapita amene mukufuna kutenga zithunzi pa phazi la mtengo. Reserve, kumene amalima sequoia chimphona, ndipo otchuka pakati pa America, amene ngakhale dzina limodzi la dzina yaikulu ndi American ambiri otchuka. chimphona kutetezedwa ngati chipilala ina iliyonse, ndipo ndi cholowa chikhalidwe lonse la America. Ngakhale chidwi asayansi, zilibe kudula malingaliro iliyonse.

Tree "General Sherman"

Chimphona sequoia "General Sherman" Chimakula mu Sierra Nevada ndipo chimodzi cha zomera zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. The kutalika kwa mtengowo mamita oposa 83, ndi buku la thunthu lake - kiyubiki mamita 1486 ndipo zimalemera matani oposa 6,000. Akuti mtengo zaka penapake kuzungulira 2,700, ndipo akupitirizabe kukula. Chaka chilichonse, chimphona ndi anawonjezera nkhuni zambiri monga mphambu 18-mita mtengo. Asayansi kuphunzira kokha dziko coniferous zomera, zomwe waona mu moyo wake mbiri ya anthu.

chimphona wina wotchuka

Kuwonjezera pa "General Sherman" mu malo, pali mtengo wina wodabwitsa - chimphona Redwood (Sequoia). California, kumene unadulidwa, komabe amasunga m'munsi mwa chimphona lapansi. Komanso, wakhalanso kupereka ulemu wokhala zosavomerezeka boma chizindikiro. mtengo unadulidwa mu 1930 pa zaka 1930! Pakati pake penipeni, ena Boma pamodzi ndi utoto pa iwo kwalembedwa zotsatirazi:

1. 1066 - chaka cha Nkhondo ya Hastings.
2. 1212 - chaka kusaina kwa Magna Carta.
3. 1492 - chaka atulukira America.
4. 1776 - chaka Chikalata cha wodzilamulira.
5. 1930 - chaka yodula.

Kufotokozera redwoods

mtengo ali kutumphuka wandiweyani, amene makulidwe ndi masentimita 60. mtengo chinyezi wochuluka zinthu ndi kwina kwathunthu, koma wambiri utoto uli, kupanga izo kugonjetsedwa ndi moto aliyense nkhalango. Ngakhale mitengo ikuluikulu charred kupitiriza kukula zina, pamene conifers ena amavulala ngati kufa. Matabwa a mtengo uwu kosamugonjera kuukira tizilombo, bowa, matenda ndi kuvunda. inayambira kukula pamene tili mu dziko lapansi, kuti mwayi kuti mtengo imagwera pa gust amphamvu wa mphepo, ndi ziro. Chimphona sequoia, amene zithunzi ndi zithunzi m'maganizo, ali ndi kutumphuka duwa, amene akukhala redder pafupi ndi phata la. Izo yaitali si kuvunda, chingathe kupirira katundu wautali kwambiri choncho mwangwiro yoti zosiyanasiyana zolinga, ngakhale mwakhama ntchito.

kubalana

Wamkulu sequoia mtengo amapangira ndalama yaikulu mbewu, koma mbali ting'onoting'ono iwo bwinobwino kumera, ndi anthu amene njira zawo kudzera pansi, anakakamizika nkhondo moyo wake. chakuti zanthete nthambi pamodzi kutalika lonse, koma ukamakula kwambiri, kwambiri nthambi m'munsi atathetsa. Choncho mtengo ndipamene mzikiti olimba omwe mwamtheradi musaphonye kuwala kwa tsiku. Forest chimphona sequoias musalole chilichonse kukula pansi denga ili wobiriwira. Choncho, zanthete kulimbana ndi kuyatsa osauka pamaziko a izo izi ndi zovuta kulankhula za kufalitsidwa zachilengedwe a mitengo Redwood pansi. Kukachitika kuti anthu adzakhala mwakhama ntchito matabwa amenewa, muyenera kulenga nkhokwe wapadera, umene wakula Mitengo.