Chitetezo Social - ndichiyani? mtengo

chitetezo Social - kodi thupi ili, zomwe zimagwira ntchito? mafunso awa analeredwa ndi achinyamata ambiri amene anamva nkhani a anthu achikulire ndi dzina. Mu Soviet Union, anali zotchinjiriza moyo zotchinjiriza moyo bungwe. Iye anagwira ntchito thandizo moyo wa zigawo pachiopsezo cha anthu. Kufuna thandizo invalids, pensioners, osauka, mabanja ndi ana ambiri. Panopa ntchito zake kugawidwa pakati pa thumba penshioni ndi maulamuliro zotchinjiriza moyo. Komabe, kufunika kwa mawu "zotchinjiriza moyo" ulipobe, chifukwa m'badwo achikulire sangathe kutenga dzina lina.

Zimene muyenera kudziwa

chitetezo Social - zimene bungwe lino akuchita chiyani? Nkhani akudzutsa anthu ambiri amene anamva kukambirana anthu okalamba chinthu choterocho. Komabe, tanthauzo boma la chikhalidwe chitetezo kulibe. Mawu amenewa ntchito kokha kulankhula colloquial.

Mu Soviet Union, otchedwa zotchinjiriza moyo boma, amene akhala akugwira ntchito ndi zigawo pachiopsezo cha anthu: pensioners, invalids, ana amasiye. Poyamba, mu chikhalidwe chitetezo penshioni ngakhale anapanga kunja. thupi ili analankhula anthu amene malipiro siyana boma anali gwero la n'zodalirika. zotchinjiriza moyo ankathandiza yekha kwa anthu amene amafuna thandizo la ndalama kuchokera boma.

mawu olembedwa

Mu Soviet Union, anapereka ankamvetsa, ubwino ndi penshoni malipiro nawo chikhalidwe chitetezo ulamuliro. Anthu amanena kuti ndi zotchinjiriza moyo. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti achidule ndi wosavuta ndi "zotchinjiriza moyo".

Poyamba, mulinso zosiyanasiyana mankhwala, malo ndende, penshoni, mankhwala ndi prophylactic mabungwe.

Panopa ntchito zotchinjiriza moyo anachita ndi mabungwe moyo chikhalidwe. Iwo motani poika phindu zosiyanasiyana, zolimbikitsa ndi ang'onoang'ono. Kumeneko, monga m'mbuyomu, akusandutsa anthu osauka ndi anthu ochokera m'mabanja lalikulu. Security Social ayenera amathandiza anthu amene amafunika, ndi kokha pa malo malamulo.

kusintha

Mu 2000, mfundo chikhalidwe lasintha kwambiri. zotchinjiriza moyo ndi chinthu chakale kutali ndi ntchito zake kugawidwa pakati pa thumba penshioni ndi kuteteza moyo. Komabe, Achikulire akukumbukirabe za mawu "zotchinjiriza moyo", ndi acronym womwenso kwa yosavuta - zotchinjiriza moyo.

Pambuyo pa kusintha, pensioners onse ndi ana amene ndalama yokonza Boma mogwirizana ndi imfa ya breadwinner, ndipo anthu olumala asamukira ku thumba la ndalama za penshoni. maofesi ake zakhazikitsidwa mu dera lililonse.

Komabe, anthu osauka, amayi osakwatiwa, anazunzidwa, anamenyela ntchito, komanso amayi apakati amene anachotsedwa ntchito, n'zodalirika, pitirizani kufunafuna thandizo ku mabungwe moyo chikhalidwe. Izi a anthu angagwiritse ntchito kuti pali nthawi ankamvetsa, ubwino ndi zikalata zofunika ang'onoang'ono.

ntchito

chitetezo Social - kodi thupi ili, zimene ali competences? Nkhani zimenezi zakonzedwa pafupifupi achinyamata onse amene sanamvepo mawu ochokera pakamwa pa anthu achikulire. Koma anthu ochepa kwambiri amene kwenikweni cholinga chake. Ngakhale kuti zotchinjiriza moyo apita, kuloŵedwa m'malo ndi mabungwe moyo chikhalidwe. Iwo amagwira ntchito zotchinjiriza moyo wa anthu, koma osankhidwa, ndipo samapereka penshoni. Limachita yekha ndi RPF lapansi. Komabe, zodzitetezera pa umoyo akupitiriza kuti athandize mabanja akuluakulu ndi amayi osakwatiwa, pensioners, anazunzidwa. Magawo onse mosadziteteza nzika ndi ufulu wochita apilo kuti thandizo ndi kupeza mayankho a mafunso awo.

mtengo

chitetezo Social ayenera kumvetsa ngati chikhalidwe chitetezo ulamuliro. Mu Soviet Union, bungwe ili chikuchita ndi Kukhazikitsa malipilo a ubwino osowa, nzika amapeza ndalama zochepa. Iwo NKHANI nawo thupi zodzitetezera pa umoyo ndi thumba penshioni. Mu anthu, bungwe la amatchedwa "zotchinjiriza moyo". Tanthawuzo la liwu - zotchinjiriza moyo.

Panopa zotchinjiriza moyo, momwe iwo analiri kale, kulibe. RPF chimaika ndipo amalipira penshoni ya. Matupi zodzitetezera pa umoyo wa anthu zikugwira ang'onoang'ono, ubwino ndi ankamvetsa.

Komabe, tanthauzo la "zotchinjiriza moyo" ali ndi tanthauzo lofanana monga mu nthawi lakutali Soviet, mwachitsanzo zotchinjiriza moyo wa nzika akufunika thandizo boma.

Nchifukwa chiyani amatchedwa

Mawu zotchinjiriza moyo akuluakulu a anthu achikulire amadziwa zodzitetezera pa umoyo wake. A malo mungalandire phindu lochuluka, ankamvetsa ndi ang'onoang'ono kwa zofunikira. Poyamba, pali anasankhidwa ndi penshoni. Komabe, anthu ambiri wamng'ono, kumva mawu, kuti: zotchinjiriza moyo - ndichiyani ndi momwe decode izo? Iwo okha amatanthauza zotchinjiriza moyo. Monga anthuwo anatengedwa kuchepetsa dzina, kuti anatchedwa zotchinjiriza moyo.

Ngakhale tsopano, anthu ambiri a anthu achikulire amene anakhalapo nthawi Soviet, otchedwa zodzitetezera pa umoyo wake. Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti ambiri mwa ntchito wakale wa ulamuliro apa salinso m'gulu. Ndi kosavuta ndi bwino. A wamng'ono nayenso, mukudziwa kuti RPF chinkhoswe mu malipiro penshioni ndi Security Social phindu ndipo ankamvetsa. zipatala ndi kuthamanga ndi unduna wa zaumoyo.

Mu nthawi yakale Soviet chitetezo chikhalidwe ntchito mu madera onse a mzinda. Tsopano zonse ndi zosavuta. Kuti subsidy kapena wosamasula, nzika amapita ku m'deralo ofesi Security Social. Komanso, m'mizinda ikuluikulu, pali malo Mipikisano zinchito, kumene mukhoza kukonza zonse.