Chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu Zhirovitskoy: ofotokoza ndi mbiri ya chizindikirochi

Mwa chifaniziro wotchuka wa Wodalitsika Virgin Mary chizindikiro Zhirovitskoy Amayi a Mulungu losaiwalika chifukwa cha mbiri yake yapadera ndi maonekedwe chifukwa zachilendo mu Zikatero, njira kuphedwa. Komanso, chimodzimodzi ulemu monga Orthodox wokhulupirika ndi malangizo kumadzulo otsatira Mkhristu.

Kufotokozera zithunzi wapadera

Mosiyana ndi zithunzi wathu mwachizolowezi Zhirovitsky fano ndi njanji chowulungika mawonekedwe a yopereka kwa Jasper. miyeso ake ndi ochepa - 5,7 masentimita h4,1h0,8, ndi kunja izo akufanana chapachifuwa mafano kapena cameo. The mbali n'zosiyana chithunzi yosalala. Jasper, kumene kumachititsa kuti, ali kuphatikiza chilengedwe cha mdima ofiira ndi obiriwira mitundu, ndi zithunzi zikuluzikulu za ocher hue.

Mayi Wopatulikitsa wa Mulungu linasonyeza atagwira dzanja lamanja la Mwana Wake Wamuyaya, pamene yotsalayi unkagunda pachifuwa. Bareheaded Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba anapambutsa kwa aphata Mwana wake ndi slug Wake. Baby Yesu anavala lalifupi malaya, kusiya poyera mawondo ake. Mutu wa amayi ndi Mwana korona. Pa mbali zonse za makalata wolemekezeka Greek, chikhalidwe mtundu wa zithunzi, ndi kuonetsera mayina awo.

Zhirovitskoy Icon wa Lady athu, kulongosola anapatsidwa pamwamba, wa mtundu iconographic amatchedwa "Eleousa" - Chikondi. Mtundu uwu wa zithunzi Marian ndi akale kwambiri, ndipo anaonekera mu Egypt mu nthawi Akristu oyambirira, pamene analandira ukuyanga otchedwa Chikoputiki luso.

Nakhodka wamng'ono cowherd

Mbiri ya chizindikirochi ndi monga zachilendo ngati chikuoneka. Nkhani (ndi anthu, monga ife tikudziwira, palibe sindinena), kuti mu 1470 chizindikirochi anaulula choyamba m'dera Grodno pafupi ndi mudzi Zhirovichi, dzina lomwe, inu anaganiza izo, ndipo anamutcha dzina lake. Izo zinachitika kuti ana a m'deralo msipu ng'ombe nkhalango, anali a fuko lomveka wolemera - ndi Chilituyaniya ndi kubadwa, koma mwa chikhulupiriro ovomerezedwa. dzina lake anali Alexander Soltan.

Mwadzidzidzi (ndi mawu zambiri nthawi zonse zosangalatsa kumayambira nkhani), adawona kuwala kwa moto chowala kuti kumachokera korona anakula m'mphepete mwa mtengo peyala. Kuthana ndi mantha, ndi cowherd anabwera pafupi ndipo ndinaona pakati pa masamba chizindikiro ang'onoang'ono, kumene mbali zonse zinali kunyezimira. Ndi bated mpweya, ana amachotsedwa mtengo mwafufuza zozizwa, ndi ankathamanga ndi kwa mwiniwake. Nkosafuna kunena kuti ichi chinali chizindikiro cha Amayi a Mulungu Zhirovitskoy - Blagozdravnitsa monga zinadziwika patapita nthawi zambiri kudzera mwa zozizwitsa machiritso.

Yambani zozizwitsa zosamvetsetseka

Alexander Soltan, ndi wodabwa kwambiri chidwi, sanadziwe choti achite ndi izo, koma ndi kupereka anyamata ndalamayo, mwina mwake chizindikiro zokhoma kuti chifuwa, anatsimikiza nthawi yomweyo kumutenga mu Grodno ndi kusonyeza bishopu diocesan. Mundinyamule zitsulo bokosi lamaliro - chinthu china chodalirika paliponse amaona (mtengo, zikuoneka) sinditi kulikonse. Taganizirani mmene ndinadabwira wake tsiku lotsatira, pofuna kudzitama kuti alendowo, anapeza bokosi lamaliro wapatali kanthu.

Oddly kuwopseza mtumiki mbuye mazunzo wosatha m'dziko lotsatira, ndi ndodo pa izo, onse adalumbira mukudziwa sadziwa chilichonse. Ndipo kiyi bokosi lamaliro ndi usiku wonse anakhala mu khosi lake. Chabwino, zikuonekeratu amene manja choncho. zipinda Soltan owazidwa madzi oyera, ndi kuganizira mmene kusiya. Mwadzidzidzi (kachiwiri, mwadzidzidzi) ndi m'busa chomwecho kachiwiri anaona pa nsonga ya kale kuwadziŵa kuwala ndipo pokonzekera ndalama zochepa kwambiri, anathamangira kwa iye.

Short moyo wa mpingo matabwa

Re-kupeza chizindikiro atolepo kuti chotulukira ndi kanthu kochepa wa chozizwitsa; ndipo Alesandr Soltan, osankhidwa a Mulungu, kudzera imene akuwonetseredwa. Pofuna anasonyeza oyenerera ulemu mkulu, mfulu analamula kuti amange m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, pamene m'busa anali Zhirovitskoy chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, mpingo matabwa, ndipo anaikidwa opatulika chawo.

Pa nsonga ya m'nkhalango wolemera, kumanga chinachake yaitali ngati choncho - kuyang'ana mwini sanatero, mochuluka bwanji chete nkhwangwa, ndipo ndinakulira pakati pa mpingo kudula-wokongola. Koma, inu mukuona, osati Yehova anadalitsa ntchito yake - miyezi yosakwana sikisi monga chidwi ndi mphezi ndi yapsya usiku, matabwa, komabe kununkhiza ntchito yomanga utomoni. Izo zinachitika usiku, ndipo pamene m'mudzimo anamudzutsa zapoloshny belu mpaka adathamanga - mphodza anali kanthu katsalira. Anakhalabe pa malo a mpingo uli kokha kusuta mulu wa makala.

Kupeza lachitatu mozizwitsa

Zinali zamanyazi wamba ankaona ntchito zawo, ndi mbuye wake - njira imawonongeka pachabe, koma koposa zonse chisoni chizindikiro zozizwitsa, lomwe likupezeka akufa pamoto. Lake chayali tasiya kuona mmene mwadzidzidzi (kachitatu chinthu ichi zonse mwadzidzidzi) ndi ana chomwecho, koma kubwera kwa sukulu - mwina cha m'ma XV m'mudzi Zhirovichi iye anali - anaona pafupi ndi mabwinja mpingo atakhala pa thanthwe Woman sikunachitekepo kukongola, anachita chizindikiro bwino manja.

Atamva nkhani ya anasokoneza anyamata akumidzi amene ankakhulupirira kuti anali kachiwiri anachezeredwa ndi vumbulutso la Mulungu, anathamangira kumeneko, musaiwale kufuulira Wansembe, amene nawonso, anatola apongozi ake dikoni ndi mbendera inde zithunzi. Ambiri, kuti phulusa Mpingo ine akutsogolera gulu.

Ndipo pamene iwo onse anali okonzeka chozizwitsa, koma involuntarily chisanu pamene mu mwala, linada ndi mwaye, kutsogolo kwa iwo anaonekera kwathunthu osafikiridwa ndi moto Zhirovitskoy chizindikiro cha Lady athu. Nkhani zingaoneke zosaneneka, koma kwa zaka pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi limodzi ndi kunthunthumira moyo kumvetsera ndi kuwerenga ndi mibadwo yambiri ya Akhristu Amayi Russia, ndi m'mayiko zabodza zopezeka.

Kachisi amene anayambitsa chilengedwe cha obisika ndi

Ganizolo pa Aleksandra Soltana chizindikiro adzabadwanso ku phulusa ngati Phoenix Fairy, anali ngati bingu ndi. Iye analamula kuti amange mpingo mwala iye, modzipereka kumutukwana wanga kuti stint woyamba, ndi kumanga mpingo matabwa kwa zotsalira kotero wapatali. Chabwino, inde, ndikutanthauza, monga mukudziwa, amalipira kawiri. Analemba ganyu amisiri, osema miyala, ndi anthu amene, anamanga mwala Mpingo wa Dormition, amene anali mwakachetechete anaika Zhirovitskoy chithunzi cha Amayi a Mulungu - kawiri ndi katatu zotayika zopezeka.

Pa chiyambi cha XVI m'ma mozungulira mpingo anapanga gulu kumene kumakhala Amonke, ndiye lidzasinthidwa amonke. Rhode Soltanov, mwachilungamo kwadzaoneni ndi nthawi anali akadali zafala mbali, ndi mmodzi mwa oimira ake m'malo mwa Yakobo ngakhale kanalalikira m'pingo mwala obisika panobe. Komabe, zolinga zake zinali tidzayesedwa akasintha monga pakati pa mudzi m'ma Zhirovichi anapatsidwa kwa ngongole ku banki kubweza Isaac Mikhalevich, ndi kugula olandira a Yakobo amene anapita ku nthawi Chikatolika.

Uniate obisika pansi pa ulamuliro

Mu 1605 Zhirovichi mwini kachiwiri wosinthika, zinadziwika Chilituyaniya fuko lomveka Ivan Meleshko chimanjamanja ili gawo la chuma chake obisika pansi ulamuliro wa Mpingo Uniate anasunga, monga mukudziwa, mbali ya kulambira Orthodox, koma kumvera Vatican. Choncho Zhirovitskoy chikale chizindikiro cha Amayi a Mulungu anaonekera mu mthunzi wa Roma papa.

Izi ang'onoang'ono kukula fano la Namwali Wodalitsidwa anabweretsa ansembe ndi wotchuka chifukwa zozizwitsa zake kuwonetseredwa mwa iye. Mwachitsanzo, pamene Chilituyaniya Hetman Pavel Sapega asilikali Russian anatha kupereka manyazi kwambiri kwa mudzi Polonka, ndi Virigoyu kupambana wake ankagwira ntchito ngati pemphero Zhirovitskoy chithunzi cha Amayi a Mulungu, omwe ndi kazembe poto poyera anawerenga pamaso nkhondo mu June 1660.

choonadi kuti m'dzinja chaka chomwecho pa Pskov Boyar Prince Khovanskiy anam'funsa kunyoza wabwino, anayesetsa Musamadziganizire, Chofunika, mazana a aulendo adadza kulambira mafano mozizwitsa, osati ndikuiwala kubwezeretsanso agulupa zopereka.

A Zojambula pakhoma inapezeka Rome

Zhirovitskaya chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, chithunzi ali m'nkhani ino wakhala zina ulemerero wa atumwi XVIII. Izo zinachitika kuti 1718 Roma Katolika nthambi ya mmodzi wa madongosolo a zipembedzo, kupanga kukonza, anapeza pansi wosanjikiza pulasitala Zojambula pakhoma, kupingasa tsitsi ndi logwirizana ndi fano pa Zhirovitskoy mafano. Linakhalanso, ndipo posachedwapa anabwera umboni choyamba kudzera mwa zozizwitsa zake.

Izi zinapangitsa akuluakulu a Vatican kulabadira kwambiri kwa mafano m'mudzi Zhirovichi ndi waupapa Chaputala - ndi gulu la atsogoleri ndi mpando Episcopal - anali kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane zolemba mazana awiri ndi zodabwitsa zake. Pamaziko a chizindikiro ichi umboni anazindikira zozizwitsa ndi anasankha pa coronation ake. Inde, Akatolika kumeneko ndipo ngati mwambo.

zithunzi Coronation

Zikondwerero adamangidwa Zhirovichi mu September 1730. Kale lonse m'mudzi ili sanamuona anthu ochuluka choncho. More madzulo a tsiku anamuika iye anafika akuguba atatu a wogonera, limodzi ndi Regiment wa Janissaries, amene anali pansi pa lamulo la mfumu Pan Radziwill. Kodi ntchito, ngakhale Catholic, koma mwambo Mkhristu anakopeka Muslims - nkhaniyo silitchula.

Chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu Zhirovitskaya amene mtengo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo wakula n'chachikulu, anavekedwa mu kukhalapo kwa amuna makumi anayi mphambu anayi, nakhala masiku asanu ndi atatu a kulambira anachezeredwa ndi zana limodzi zikwi makumi awiri. chizindikirochi akorona ziwiri zagolide anatumizidwa, mwapadera mu Rome ndi kubweretsa Zhirovichi kazembe wa upapa. Mwa njira, ndalama onse obwera ndi ntchito a mwambo, ndi mapwando zotsatira analanda mayi kazembe wa - mkazi wamasiye wa Polish mfumu Stanisław Radziwill Anna Katarzyna.

Kuyambira tsopano chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu Zhirovitskoy iye wakhala chimodzi mwa zinthu akulemekezedwa Akatolika. Amadziwika kuti chisomo cha Mulungu kutumiza pansi kwa iye osati kamodzi anapemphera munthu wapamwamba. Choncho, mu 1744 makamaka chifukwa cha ichi m'mudzi Zhirovichi anali ulemu ndi ulendo kwa Polish Mfumu August III, ndipo mu 1784 - mfumu yomaliza ya Commonwealth Stanisław August Poniatowski. N'zoona kuti iye anali pa ubwenzi ndi chizindikiro cha zozizwitsa bwino sizinayende, ndipo mu 1795, pansi pa kuperekezedwa wa dragoons Russian Mfumu anam'tengera Grodno, kumene anasaina kuchita kwa abdication.

Kubweranso kwa chizindikiro cha Mpingo Orthodox

Mu mmasate mochedwa wa XIX m'ma kumadzulo Russian dera, ntchito yokonzanso chilengedwe kuti chikale kulambira, ndi malo oyamba kumene anatsitsimuka, anali m'mudzi Zhirovichi. Amene anali obisika ake linadzazanso Orthodox. Popeza akathist Zhirovitskoy chithunzi cha Amayi a Mulungu, anamanga posachedwapa zitachitika, izo m'malo mwa anthu am'deralo samveka mapemphero Latin.

Matsoka anabweretsa ndi XX atumwi

Pa First World nkhondo, Grodno ndi madera onse ozungulira pa malo Kumenyana, ndi kusunga kachisi izo anagwidwa choyamba mu Moscow Cathedral wa Kupemphera pa mtsinje, ndipo kenako mu mzinda dera Vidnoe, kumene zaka zingapo kusungidwa mu obisika Catherine.

Mu kumudzi kwawo, kumene ankakhala pafupifupi anayi ndi theka zaka zambiri, chizindikirochi anabwerera mu 1922. Kudutsa dziko, ndiye ndawala odana ndi chipembedzo zinachitika, ndipo ophimba ake anali zinadzala ndi ngozi ndithu. Choncho, makamaka anafika mu obisika otchuka Archimandrite Zhirovicheskogo mozemba ndi chidina wapatali, kubisala mu mtsuko wa kupanikizana.

Osati mwamwayi kubweretsa zithunzi malipiro Zhirovichi, koma posakhalitsa ansembe a Pochaev Dormition ansembe yotchedwa anapangidwa makamaka Kyoto ake, komwe anali zaka zonse wotsatira. Kukhalapo ngati zithunzi laulemerero obisika chinathandiza kubwezeretsedwa ndi kukhazikitsanso mpingo waukulu - ndi Mfundo Cathedral. Mu 1938, ndi Zhirovitskoy akuguba chizindikiro tinachita m'madera ambiri Western Belarus, imene ndalama zonse anaukitsidwa kwa zopereka anapita kugwira ntchito yanu.

Tikumbukenso kuti ngakhale mazunzo onse kuti Mpingo zowawa nthaŵi zambiri za m'ma XX, kachisi wamkulu Zhirovicheskogo obisika idaleka ulendo. Chikudziwikabe lero.

Zhirovitskaya Theotokos zimene zimathandiza?

Yankho la funso limeneli akamagwira tipezeni anayambitsa ntchito zake zakale, ambiri amene ali yaitali ochokera m'mabuku a obisika, ndi malongosoledwe a chodabwitsa mwa zozizwitsa zake. Mukamanyalanyaza kutchulidwa m'malo n'ngwokayikitsa za thandizo operekedwa ndi chizindikiro cha Lithuanians mu zipolowe ndi asilikali Russian mu 1660 pansi Polonka zimene anauzidwa pamwamba, kwambiri za zolembedwa zimaonetsa chozizwitsa mankhwala anachita ndi mapemphero a Amayi a Mulungu patsogolo pa fano ili.

Funso la kudalirika zovuta chifukwa aliyense ali pa nthawi ina anasaina mbiri yabwino mboni. Ndipo osati chizindikiro pawokha ndi wochititsa chifundo cha Mulungu, koma ngakhale thanthwe lomwe angakhale pafupi mpingo mabwinja. Pa nkhani imeneyi, pali buku limatiuza mmene mbewu zochepa za izo zinabweretsa ndi chithatha cha mkazi kufa pakati, anabwerera ku moyo wake.

Choncho, malinga ndi mwambo kuti zachitika pakati pa anthu a Western Belarus anazindikira mchiritsi Odwala ndi ndendende Zhirovitskaya chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Kodi kupemphera pambali kupeza thanzi patsogolo njira imeneyi mwakhama? Palibe kukayika kuti kwachiyero Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba sikudzakhala pang'onopang'ono nkhosa, kodi ndi anayambitsa pempho. Chinthu chachikulu ndi pamene akukumana ngakhale mthunzi wakhala atathamangitsidwa mitima ya kupemphera kukaikira mphamvuzonse chifundo wopandamalire Mulungu Namwali Wodalitsidwa atipempherera mpando wachifumu Wake wakumwamba.