Chowunikira zozama zitsulo ndi manja anu: chiwembu, malangizo ndi ndemanga

Kwambiri mtundu zitsulo zoyesera amatha kudziwa zinthu pansi pa kutali kwambiri. Mabaibulo yamakono ya masitolo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, inu mukhoza kuyesa chowunikira zitsulo ndi manja ake. Chifukwa chaichi, choyamba anaitanidwa kunena kuti kusinthidwa muyezo kamangidwe.

kusinthidwa chiwembu

Kusonkhanitsa chowunikira ndi manja awo (chiwembu pansipa), tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zofunika ndi zipangizo damper pa microcontroller, ndi condenser ndi mwini cholembera. The chipangizo ulamuliro wagawo imakhala ya resistors. zosintha zina zimene anapanga galimoto modulators amene ntchito pa pafupipafupi 35 Hz. Ingoimani anapanga ndi lopapatiza lonse mbale mbale mawonekedwe.

kusonkhana chitsanzo yosavuta malangizo

Anasonkhanitsa chowunikira zitsulo ndi manja anu ndi wosavuta. Mu malo oyamba Ndi bwino kukonzekera chubu ndi angagwirizanitse kuti chogwirira. Kukhazikitsa ndi ulamuliro wagawo Pakufunika resistors wa madutsidwe mkulu. Pafupipafupi zikugwira ntchito chipangizo kumatengera zifukwa zambiri. Ngati tikulingalira zosintha kwa capacitors diode, iwo ndi mkulu tilinazo.

Opaleshoni pafupipafupi zoyesera ngati chitsulo ndi za 30 Hz. Zolemba malire kudziwika mtunda chinthu pa iwo ndi 25 mm. Ntchito kusinthidwa angathe mabatire lifiyamu mtundu. Microcontrollers msonkhano chofunika ndi fyuluta kumalo ozizira. zitsanzo zambiri akuwonjezeka masensa otsegula mtundu. Komanso Dziwani kuti akatswiri musati kulengeza ntchito Zosefera mkulu-tilinazo. Iwo amachepetsa kwambiri ndi lolondola kudziwika zinthu zitsulo.

Model wakuti "Pirate"

Pangani Chitsulo chowunikira "Pirate" ndi manja awo kokha pamaziko a Mtsogoleri yikidwa mawaya. Komabe, mu malo oyamba kumanga kukolola microprocessor. Kulumikiza adzafunika ndi blowtorch. Akatswiri ambiri kulengeza ntchito condensers gululi ndi mphamvu 5 PF. Madutsidwe ayenera anakhalabe pa microns 45. Pambuyo unsembe wa capacitors n'zotheka kuyamba soldering ulamuliro unit. The pachithandara ayenera kukhala cholimba ndi kupirira kulemera kwa mbale. Pakuti zitsanzo 4 ali osavomerezeka ntchito mbale awiri a masentimita oposa 5.5. System zizindikiro safuna kuti anaika. Pambuyo akhomere unit kokha ndi kukhazikitsa mabatire.

Ntchito wonyezimiritsira transistors

Ndi mwachilungamo zovuta ndi reflex chowunikira transistors ndi dzanja. Choyamba, akatswiri amalangiza kuchita unsembe wa microcontroller lapansi. Capacitors yabwino Pankhaniyi mtundu atatu-njira, ndipo iwo ali madutsidwe sayenera upambana 55 microns. 5 V, iwo ndi kulimbikira 35 ohms. Resistors ndi zosintha ali makamaka ntchito mtundu kukhudzana. Ali ndi polarity zoipa komanso ndi oscillations mu atomu. Komanso Dziwani kuti msonkhano amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire lifiyamu. M'lifupi pazipita mbale ndi kusinthidwa ngati liri 5.5 cm.

Model ndi transistors convection: amakambirana akatswiri

Anasonkhanitsa chowunikira zitsulo ndi manja awo kokha pamaziko a wokhometsa Mtsogoleri. Mu nkhani iyi, capacitors ntchito microns 30. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira ndemanga ndi akatswiri, si koyenera kugwiritsira ntchito resistors mphamvu. Pankhaniyi, mphamvu pazipita maselo ayenera 40 PF. Pambuyo unsembe wa Mtsogoleri ayenera kutenga ulamuliro unit.

zoyesera zitsulo Awa ndi ndemanga yabwino chitetezo chodalirika kwa yoweyula kusokonezedwa. Chifukwa chaichi amagwiritsa awiri diode mtundu fyuluta. Zosintha kachitidwe kuwonetsera n'zochepa kwambiri pakati zosintha improvised. Komanso Dziwani kuti amapereka mphamvu ayenera ntchito pa voteji otsika. Choncho, batire kumatenga nthawi yaitali.

Ntchito resistors chromatic

Kodi kupanga chowunikira zitsulo ndi manja anu? Model chromatic resistors kusonkhanitsa wosavuta, koma ayenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti zosintha kuti capacitors ndi saloledwa ntchito mafyuzi yekha. Akatswiri amanena kuti zosagwirizana wa resistors ndi zosefera mzere. ndikofunika kuti akonze isanayambe khamu yomweyo foni chitsanzo kuti adzakonza. Ndiye chipika akukonzerani. Nkokoma kwambiri kusankha ndi microns 4 ntchito pa pafupipafupi 50 Hz. Ali otsika madyaidya ndikuledzera chinthu, ndi mkulu molondola chingwe. Komanso Dziwani ndi kuti finders a kalasi adzatha ntchito bwinobwino zinthu chinyezi mkulu.

Model ndi zimachitika zener: msonkhano, ndemanga

Zipangizo ndi mkulu conductance pulsed zener allocated. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira maganizo a akatswiri, ndi zosintha kudzikonda zopangidwa ndi kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi zinthu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ngati ife kulankhula za magawo, yolondola kudziwika kwa iwo pafupifupi 89%. Yambani kusonkhana chipangizo waima ndi chikombole workpiece. Ndiye wokwera chogwirira chitsanzo.

Chotsatira wayikidwa ulamuliro unit. Ndiye wokwera Mtsogoleri amene zoyendetsedwa ndi mabatire lifiyamu. Pambuyo khazikitsa unit, mungachite capacitors soldering. Wachisoni kukana sayenera upambana 45 ohms. Katswiri Reviews akusonyeza kuti zosintha wa mtundu uwu zikhoza kupangidwa popanda Zosefera. Komabe, tiyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti chitsanzo kudzakhala mavuto aakulu ndi kuwasokoneza yoweyula. Mu nkhani iyi, capacitor anathabuka. Chifukwa, batire kwa zitsanzo za mtundu uwu msanga akatulutsidwa.

Ntchito otsika-pafupipafupi transceiver

Low-pafupipafupi transceivers mu zitsanzo kuchepetsa molondola zipangizo. Komabe, Dziwani kuti zosintha wa mtundu uwu amatha bwinobwino ntchito ndi zinthu zazing'ono. Pa nthawi yomweyo ali otsika kudziletsa kumaliseche mwina. Kuti kusonkhanitsa kusinthidwa ndi manja awo, Mpofunika ntchito basi anatumizanso lamya Mtsogoleri. The chopatsilira nthawi zambiri ntchito pa diodes lapansi. Choncho, conductance anaonetsetsa pa kuzungulira 45 microns ndi tilinazo 3 MV.

Akatswiri ena amalangiza kukhazikitsa Zosefera mauna kuti tizikonda zitsanzo chitetezo. Kuukitsa madutsidwe wa zigawo ntchito Transitional yekha. The kuipa waukulu makina onga imatengedwa amatopa Mtsogoleri. Pamene kuwonongeka ngati ndi mabvuto kuti akakonze wa zitsulo ndi dzanja.

Pogwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi transceiver

Pa transceivers mkulu kusonkhanitsa zitsulo chowunikira yosavuta ndi manja awo okha pa maziko a kusintha kwa Mtsogoleri wa. Pamaso unsembe, muyezo pachithandara ndi kukolola pansi mbale. madutsidwe Mtsogoleri, pafupifupi wofanana microns 40. Anthu ambiri sagwiritsa ntchito mu msonkhano wa contactors. Iwo ndi mkulu kutentha imfa, ndipo iwo akhoza kugwira ntchito pa pafupipafupi 50 Hz. Komanso Dziwani kuti mabatire lifiyamu kuti recharge ulamuliro wagawo ntchito msonkhano wa chowunikira lapansi. Pomwepo SENSOR anaika pa zosintha kudzera capacitor, amene mphamvu sayenera upambana 4 PF.

Model ankakhala ndi bowo kotenga

Pa msika nthawi zambiri anapeza chipangizo ndi cavities kotenga. Iwo kuima pakati mpikisano molondola kudziwa zinthu motero ungatithandizire pa chinyezi mkulu. Kuti kudziletsa kusonkhana chitsanzo kukolola chikombole, ndi mbale iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito awiri osachepera mamilimita 300.

Komanso Dziwani kuti chipangizo afunika kulankhula ndi Mtsogoleri msonkhano, ndipo expander wina. Zosefera akugwiritsidwa kokha pa akalowa mauna. Akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kukhazikitsa diode capacitors kuti ntchito pa voteji 14 V. Mu malo oyamba iwo kosakwanira kukhetsa batire. Komanso Dziwani kuti ali madutsidwe bwino poyerekeza ndi Anzawo zakutchire.

Ntchito Zosefera kusankha

Kupanga kwambiri zitsulo chowunikira ndi manja anu si kophweka. The vuto lalikulu ndi chipangizo sangathe kukhazikitsa capacitor ochiritsira. Komanso Dziwani kuti mbale amusankha kuti kusintha kukula kwa masentimita 25. Nthawi zina, poyimitsa ndi anaika ndi speculum a. Akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kuti kuyamba msonkhano ndi unsembe wa unit kulamulira. Ayenera kugwira ntchito pa pafupipafupi ndi zosakwana 50 Hz. Choncho madutsidwe zimadalira Mtsogoleri, amene ntchito zipangizo.

Nthawi zambiri izo amasankhidwa mbale kuonjezera kusinthidwa wa chitetezo. Komabe, zitsanzo amenewa nthawi zambiri ukagwira, ndipo sangathe ntchito mwandondomeko mkulu. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito adaputala azamagetsi ochiritsira, amene anaika mu mayunitsi condensing kuthetsa vutoli. chowunikira chokulungira wopangidwa ndi manja ake kuchokera unit transceiver.

Ntchito contactors

Contactors chipangizo anaika mayunitsi ulamuliro. Poyimitsa kutalika yaing'ono ntchito kusinthidwa, ndi mbale amasankhidwa pa 20 ndi 30 cm. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti chipangizo azitola pa adaputala azamagetsi adzionere. Mu nkhani iyi, capacitors angagwiritsidwe ntchito otsika capacitance.

Komanso Dziwani ndi kuti solder fyuluta pambuyo wagawo unsembe ulamuliro okhoza ntchito pa voteji 15 V. Mu nkhani iyi, madutsidwe chitsanzo anakhalabe pa 13 microns. transceivers ndi zofala kwambiri ntchito pa adaputala azamagetsi lapansi. Pamaso kusintha pa chowunikira ndi contactor kuchepetsa mlingo wa kukana negative. Anati chizindikiro ndi avareji wofanana ohms 45.