Cichlids African: mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kufotokoza ndi okhutitsidwa Aquarium ndi

Nice kuti mu Aquarium kunyumba monga particles za chilengedwe, ndi doubly wosangalala pamene anthu nsomba chachilendo ndi zosowa, shimmering mitundu yowala. A wamba kwambiri ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi cichlids African, amene amasiyana kukula, mawonekedwe ndi maonekedwe ochititsa kaso.

kwawo nsomba

nthumwi zonse cichlidae banja amakhala dera Great Lakes, kuphatikizapo Kivu, Albert, Edward, Rudolph, nyasa, Tanganyika ndi Victoria (zalembedwa mu malo akwera). Best kufufuza anthu a matupi awiri otsiriza a madzi, kumene anakakhala onse niches zachilengedwe kuti angathe nsomba. Mu koma nyanja ina Africa - Malawi - pali pafupifupi 500 mitundu.

Chiwerengero cha ovuta ndi zokongola nsomba - 1500 mitundu. Amadziwika kuti onse anachokera kwa kholo limodzi, mofulumira divergence (zaka 10 miliyoni) chinachititsa kuti zosiyanasiyana ano. Malinga ndi malipoti a posachedwapa, mu Nyanja ya Victoria cichlids African akupereka mitundu 200, zomwe amasiyana amakonda chakudya ndi mbali morphological. Ndi yodabwitsa. Makamaka anapatsidwa chakuti nyanja unapangidwa zaka 400,000 zapitazo, ndi yogwira speciation akufuna nthawi yochulukirapo ndi kudzipatula anthu wina ndi mzake. Aquarium nsomba amakopeka osati kukongola zakunja komanso khalidwe zoseketsa, luso, amaona kuti akhoza kuzindikira mbuye wake.

African Cichlids: kufotokoza

Izi ndi nsomba mwachilungamo chachikulu ndi thupi mkulu wothinikizidwa kuchokera kumbali, ndi mutu waukulu, umene mwa mwamuna zaka anapanga mafuta "mtsamiro". Kumatako ndi dorsal zipsepse amafikira pamodzi thupi, mitundu pali dimorphism kugonana. Miyeso osiyanasiyana monga masentimita 5 mpaka 70, makamaka tilapia African ukufika ku mita theka m'litali. Pakuti zili kunyumba ndi chidwi cha kukongola chakuya otentha. Amaona kuti ndi zina mwa zolusa, ndilo wachibadidwe cholakwika. Ndi bwino kwa mawonekedwe, inu mosavuta ndi seamlessly anazolowera kuti nsomba zina. Iwo nthawi yaitali ndipo ngakhale mu ukapolo zikhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka 25.

chakudya

Pali zifukwa kukhulupirira kuti cichlids African chimodzi omnivorous kapena zimadya makolo. Kenako kusanduka ndipo anayamba specifications yopapatiza, uliwonse wa anatenga kagawo kakang'ono chakudya: .. Zam'madzi, algae, zomera, tizilombo, nsomba kapena mamba, etc. kulekana Zimenezi zinkathandiza kuti azikhala ndi anthu ambirimbiri, kusunga zosiyanasiyana wolemera. Zimenezi sitingakane pamene zili cichlids mu Aquarium kunyumba. Komabe, vuto wambiri sadzatenga.

cichlids African: okhutira

Nyanja cichlids kukongoletsa kwambiri, mmodzi wa ubwino - anatengera mwachangu chilengedwe chatsopano. Iwo wofuna kudyetsa m'munsi, kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda, osati udzafunidwa pa kutentha madzi ndi kwanilitse kuti zibalane chilengedwe limene amakhala. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu - osauka kulolerana acidic sing'anga ndi madzi zofewa, iwo ayenera kuonetsetsa pH wa 7,0-5,8, kutentha zokwanira kukhala pa + 25 ° C. M'chilengedwe, malo achilengedwe madzi amakhalabe zikutsatiridwa, kotero nsomba chiyani sadzalekerera yofanana kutentha Komanso, kwa munthu oimira Tanganyika nyamuka kutentha pamwamba 30 ° C wodwala.

Kuvomerezedwa chobwerapo cha Aquarium limene iwo akukhala cichlids African, ndi kapangidwe kukongoletsa zanyengo. Kotero, m'pofunika kuti amange potsanzira formations zachilengedwe thanthwe la miyala, ndi makonde ndi mapanga. Best wa onse, ngati kamangidwe ndi adzaikidwa khoma kumbuyo kwa Aquarium kutalika zonse. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito laimu ndi za nsangalabwi. Zomera mbewu sakuvomereza, koma inu mukhoza kuwonjezera mkati mwa Oak, lemongrass. Koma ndi algae wobiriwira ayenera Komanso, m'pofunika kuti awapatse kuluka miyala ndi mbali linga la chotengeracho. Organic Mankhwala oipitsa cichlids tcheru, choncho onetsetsani kuti kuika mpweya fyuluta, kusintha madzi nthawi zonse koma osapitirira 10% pa mlungu chonse pamodzi.

mitundu wamba

Lembani mitundu yonse ya nsomba zimapezeka m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera, m'nkhani imodzi sizotheka, tidzakhala kuweruza ndi ochepa.

1. Mfumukazi ya Burundi - okhala. Tanganyika imatengedwa insectivores. Osiyana kudumpha mphamvu, choncho tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba Aquarium galasi. cichlid African (onani chithunzi pamwambapa) mtundu yodziwika wolemekezeka mchenga odula mtundu ndi buluu kulocha ndi golide "ndolo" pa gill chimakwirira. Zili zonse muyenera gulu la mbalame 6-10.
2. Blue Dolphin. Akuluakulu khalidwe mtundu wa nsomba, ndi amuna kwambiri kukula mafuta pamphumi pake. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa oimira waukulu wa cichlids, ndipo ngakhale pamene zili mu Aquarium akhoza kukula kwa masentimita 25 m'litali. Ndi chikhalidwe cha bata ndi nsomba ngakhale kupsa mtima, mwamtendere azikhala ndi mitundu ina.
3. Melanohromis Johans - yaing'ono nsomba mpaka 10 cm, ndi dimorphism bwino kugonana. Amuna ndi wakuda ndi buluu ndi mikwingwirima kuwala buluu kapena mawanga (wachiwiri chithunzi), akazi - lachikasu lalanje. mafoni kwambiri, ndi omnivorous.
4. Hummingbirds - miyoyo Lake Malawi, nyama zina, koma chifukwa obereketsa wamba mu m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera. Iwo ali khalidwe la chingolopiyo-chikasu, kumatako ndi dorsal chipsyepsye ndi buluu gulu. Kuswana awiri ndipo muyenera Aquarium ya malita pafupifupi 80 mu buku.
5. Mfumukazi ya Tanganyika - zikusonyeza ndi zokongola nsomba buluu ndi mikwingwirima mdima (mu chithunzi choyamba). Amakula masentimita 35 m'litali, ndi chidwi amuna pamphumi mphamvu osiyana ndi anayeza khalidwe mbali chidwi chikhalidwe ndi luso. Favorite chakudya - nkhono, chakudya chachikulu - nyamayi, nsomba fillets, shrimp.