Director Stanislavsky: "Sindikukhulupirira" - liwu limene wakonza tamutchula

Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky: "Kodi ayi!" Ndi kuphatikiza angayerekezedwe yekha kuti mawu a Mayakovsky za Lenin ndipo chipanichi. Ngati pang'ono M'mawu akeake, anagwira, likukhalira zotsatirazi - m'pofunika kumva mawu awiri a sakhulupirira chilichonse m'mutu mwanga yomweyo anamva dzina ndi dzina la tate wa Moscow Art Theatre. Chekhov.

Kutchuka oti

Ngati munthu sadziwa kanthu za wotsogolera uyu, otchuka wake dongosolo, iye mosavuta likugwirizana mzere oyamba wachiwiri. Chifukwa "Stanislavsky" ndi "sakhulupirira" - abale awiri. The kuluma mawu Konstantin Alexeev (ndi dzina lenileni) ntchito maphunziro a luso ndi rehearsal. Mawu akuti sanapange iye wotchuka, kuzindikira Wawononga talente, iye anamupangitsa iye wotchuka tamutchula padziko lonse lapansi, kunja kwa zisudzo.

Kukumbukira wotsogolera

Alekseevs - dzina, amadziwika Tsarist Russia. Atate - industrialist, msuweni - Moscow meya, banja anali zokhudzana ndi Tretyakov ndi Mamontov - akufuna kwabwino kudziwika. Inalidi "Mtundu wa Russia" imene, monga ife tikudziwa, iwo sanali aneneri anu. Limodzi likhoza anadabwa momwe woimira anthu otchuka ndi mafakitale apamwamba anakwanitsa kupewa milandu. Komabe, iye analandira boma mphoto onse, mutu wa Chithunzi academician ndi anthu. dzina lake lapatsidwa kwa misewu, ambiri m'mizinda, lofalitsidwa mendulo chamadzulo, pali dzina lake Prize - mphoto MIFF "Ine ndikukhulupirira. Konstantin Stanislavsky. " Kwa zaka zingapo, pali nyengo dzina lake. Izi maphwando zisudzo, amene anabweretsa zisudzo yabwino. Losaiwalika mawu a anthu poyera kuti chilichonse funso: "Ine sindimakhulupirira mu mawu a Stanislavsky" - anakhala airborne. mbali yoyamba, kunena wapadera zikumveka wamwano ndipo ngakhale onyoza. Koma wangwiro ndi dzina mellifluous cha kulolerana ndi kuthamanga kwa erudition wa interlocutor lapansi.

M'munsi mwa Moscow Art Theater

Mu chaka cha 1898, mu mmasate awo oyambirira, Stanislavski, pamodzi ndi Nemirovich-Danchenko anayambitsa latsopano Moscow Art Theatre. Pamaso pawo bwinobwino akafunsa kuti, luso kukonzanso siteji. Stanislavsky ndipo akuyamba kulenga machitidwe wake wotchuka, amene cholinga - kuti tipeze "choonadi cha moyo" zisudzo. Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri, mfundo yaikulu ya chiphunzitso chimenechi, si chofunika kuchita ntchito, ndi kwathunthu azolowere izo. Iganizireni ntchito zisudzo pa rehearsals anali mawu amene anali kuponya Stanislavsky: "Musati mukhulupirire izo." Anasunga zopelekedwa kanema wa yopuma-udindo. Ndi rehearsal wa kusewera "Tartuffe", ndi staging lotsiriza la Konstantin Sergeyevich, ndipo amapereka malangizo Ammayi V. Bendina kusewera Dorin atagona pa siteji, monga zikanakhalira Bodza ndekha mu moyo. Wapadera kanema. Ku bwalo la mu 1938, chaka cha imfa ya wotsogolera ndi wanzeru. Ngakhale Nemirovich-Danchenko, amene asapita akhala kwathunthu yodulidwa kwa zaka zambiri (awo ubwenzi-udani bwino kwambiri amafotokozedwa "ed buku" ndi Mikhail Bulgakov), famously anati: "Inu sanachite amasiye." Stanislavski anafa. "Ine sindimakhulupirira" zisudzo ndi sanati ayi.

zinsinsi Unayenera

Koma panali sukulu, anakhala Stanislavski dongosolo, amene anapanga maziko a Russian luso ed. Kwathunthu postulates ake akufotokozedwa m'buku lakuti "Moyo wanga mu Art" ndi "Ntchito ya wosewera yekha". Sami rehearsal awiri otchuka Mat zisudzo akhala anafotokoza luso zisudzo Toporkov ndi kuwayimilira yowala zopelekedwa umboni wotsogolera ntchito ndi asangalatsi.

masewera si ndi wosewera American sizingafanane kuti asonkhezere zikhumbo zake ndi zoona ndi luso aluso Russian wa akufa ndi amoyo, monga Plyatt Popov, Makovetskii Efremov. Iwo basi ena wapamwamba-ntchito. Pa kwambiri mndandanda TV, onse achilendo ndi zoweta, si nkhani. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale aulesi kwambiri kutchula mawu, "Monga Stanislavsky anati," sakhulupirira "," chifukwa iwo akadali wa "mkulu luso" zabwino kapena zoipa akuchita.

Zodabwitsa talente Stanislavsky

Monga munthu luso, Konstantin Sergeyevich anali luso zonse. Ndili wamng'ono kwa nthawi yaitali anagwira fakitale atate wake n'kukafika Mulingo wa Director. Zamgululi chopangidwa ndi kampani, sanali kutali ndi dziko la kukongola - anamasulidwa abwino golide ndi siliva waya - maziko yopanga tonyamulira. Onse anapatsidwa madzulo a kusewera zofufuzafufuza mu zisudzo Alexeyev. Chikondi zoti azivala potumikira monga zoonekeratu talente Stanislavsky ndipo muli agogo ake - ndi French Ammayi Marie Varley. Kenako Stanislavski anaphunzira pulasitiki ndi kuimba, anaimba bwino. Ochitira masewero bwino nyimbo za dziko dzina lake ndi dzina Nemirovich-Danchenko. Wotchuka luso theorist ndi wokonzanso a siteji luso, Stanislavski anali wosewera mphatso. chiwerengero A udindo wake wotchuka anabwera mosungiramo dziko la ntchito zisudzo '(mwachitsanzo, munthu wakale). Iye mabanga ndi chuma choyamba akatswiri. Komabe, mu 1916 iye kwathunthu amathera ntchito luso. Zosiyana anali kamodzi kokha - yokakamiza, pa ulendo wa zisudzo ndi kunja. Pakuti discontinuation zonse mwadzidzidzi kuimba pa siteji, ndipo patapita rehearsals waluntha, kuphatikizapo ambiri, ikhala chinsinsi. Zinali udindo wa Rostaneva "Sela Stepanchikovo" Dostoevsky, amene anakagwira ntchito kwa chaka. Tiyenera kuganiza kuti Stanislavski anati nthawi yoyamba mawu wotchuka pambuyo pake, kunena yekha, "Stanislavsky, ine sindikukhulupirira." Koma wotsogolera ndi ntchito ya sayansi, iye sanangokhala mpaka mapeto a moyo wake. Atamwalira anakhalabe ochitira masewero kwambiri mu dziko, dongosolo lake lodziwika la kusukulu ya luso ed, ophunzira luso ndi buku waluntha. Ndi mawu anakhala muyaya kukayikira chizindikiro chilichonse kapena kukhulupirirana - "Ine sindimakhulupirira."