Mark Avrely: MBIRI ndi mawunikidwe

Chithunzi - wolamulira, nzeru zapamwamba - woganiza. Ngati kokha amanena ndipo sachita, ndiye palibe wabwino sanamalize. Komano, nzeru zapamwamba kadzakuipsani ndale ntchito, kukusokonezani Iye kwa chidziwitso cha dziko. Chikutanthauza mwa olamulira onse Roma Maliko Avrely anali zosiyana. Iye anakhala ndi moyo wachiphamaso. Anali kutsogolo kwa aliyense, ndi ena anakhalabe chinsinsi mpaka imfa yake.

ubwana

Mark Avrely, amene yonena Adzaperekedwa m'nkhani ino, anabadwa m'banja lolemera Roma m'chaka 121. awisi anafa oyambirira, ndipo anakulira anali pachibwenzi agogo, Annius Verus, amene kawiri anapita malo Kazembe ndipo anali kugwirizana ndi Mfumu Hadrian, imene inali naye ofanana.

Young Aurelius analandila maphunziko kunyumba. Iye ankakonda kuphunzira nzeru Asitoiki. Iye anali kutsatira za moyo. bwino posachedwa ulemu waukulu kuphunzira mnyamata ankadziona Antoniy Py (mfumu yolamulira). Podikira imfa yake ili pafupi, iye anatengera Mark ndi anayamba kukonza malo ake mfumu. Komabe, Antonin moyo kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri kuposa ine ndinaganiza. Iye anafa m'chaka 161.

Chitunda ufumu

Mark Avrely sankaona kupeza mphamvu lachifumu mwanjira ina yapadera ndi zinasintha moyo wake. Anakwera mpando wachifumu ndi mwana wina anatengera Anthony, Lucius Verus, koma iye sanali oonekera talente kapena maganizo onse (anamwalira m'chaka 169). Kamodzi Aurelius anatenga impso mu manja awo, mavuto anayamba mu East, ndi Parthians anaukira Suriya ndi kulanda Armenia. Marc kusamutsa mabungwe zina. Koma kugonjetsa Parthians aonongeka mliri mliri umene unayamba mu Mesopotamia ndi kufalitsa kupitirira ufumuwo. Pa nthawi yomweyo m'malire Danube anaukiridwa zigawenga Asilavo ndi Germany mafuko. Marc analibe asilikali zokwanira, ndipo amayenera ankayimira mu asilikali achiroma a anthu omenyana. Mu 172, Aiguputo anagalukira. Kupanduka anali kuletsedwa ndi mtsogoleri wodziwa Cassius Abida, ananena kuti mfumu. Mark Avrely kutsutsana naye, koma pamaso pa nkhondo konse zinachitika. Cassius anapha achiwembuwo ndi Mfumu woona anapita kwawo.

ndikuganiza

Tikaonanso Rome, Mark Avrely kamodzinso anali kuteteza dziko motsutsa Danubian mafuko quads, Marcomanni ndi anzawo. Atasinkhasinkha kuopseza mfumu anadwala (monga buku lina - mimba chilonda, pa zina - mliri). Patapita kanthawi, iye anamwalira mu Vindobona. Mwazina wake mipukutu anapezeka pa tsamba loyamba limene linalembedwa "Mark Avrely. M'mbuyo. " maumboni awa ali mfumu zinachititsa kuti makampeni awo. iwo adzakhala kenako lofalitsidwa pansi udindo "Nokha ndi inu" ndi "Pita wekha." Pa mfundo imeneyi, tikhoza kuganiza kuti mipukutu sinafike m'buku, chifukwa wolemba kwenikweni apemphe kwa iye, lakeyo mawunikidwe zosangalatsa ndi kupereka ufulu wonse kwa lingaliro. Koma tiyeni si achilendo philosophizing. malingaliro a mfumu onse anakhudza moyo weniweniwo.

The zili ntchito nzeru zaumunthu

Mu "M'mbuyo" Mark Avrely limatchula zabwino zonse zimene iye anali ataphunzitsidwa aphunzitsi ndipo iye anapatsidwa makolo. Iye anayamikira milungu (tsoka la) kwa mwamwano wake chifukwa cha chuma ndiponso moyo wapamwamba, kudziletsa ndi kufuna chilungamo. Koma amakondwera kwambiri kuti, "akuyembekezera kuchita nzeru, ine sindinapeze aliyense wa wosokoneza ndi kukhala pansi ndi olemba critiques wa syllogisms, kufanana kuikirapo zakuthambo zochitika" (ikutchula otsiriza amatanthauza kuchotsa masewera kulosera, n'chimodzimodzinso ndi zikhulupiriro zina wotchuka pa Roma kudzitsitsa).

Mark ankadziwa kuti nzeru ya wolamulirayo si mawu, koma koposa zonse zochita. Iye analemba yekha:

• "Yesetsani ndipo musati kudandaula. Osati chifundo chanu ndi ntchito yovuta nadabwa. Ndikukhumba chimodzi: mpumulo ndi kusuntha kuti kuonedwa ndi woyenera malingaliro woganizirana ".
• "Munthu zosangalatsa kuchita chinthu achilendo kwa iye. A khalidwe la atasinkhasinkha za chilengedwe ndi mtima atsogoleri anzake. "
• "Ngati munthu akhoza kuonetsa incorrectness cha zochita zanga, ndidzakhala kumvetsera ndi zosangalatsa ndi kulipanga ilo mwabwino. Ndikuyang'ana chowonadi, chimene chimayambitsa sizingawononge; nomwe yekha amene ali mu umbuli ndipo chinyengo. "

Pomaliza

Mark Avrely, amene yonena ndi tafotokozazi, analidi namatetule: kukhala mtsogoleri wapamwamba asilikali ndi States, iye anakhalabe nzeru zapamwamba, kusonyeza nzeru ndi luntha mkulu. Tikhonza chisoni kuti anthu amenewa mbiri ya dziko mukhoza kuziwerenga pa dzanja limodzi: Mphamvu mmodzi sapanga onyenga, ena - makhalidwe, lachitatu - kwasanduka conformists, wachinayi akananena kuti njira kukwaniritsa m'munsi ayenera asanu kumvera chida yachilendo manja ankhanza ... chifukwa cha kutsatira choonadi cha m'Baibulo ndi kumulakalaka nzeru, Mark ndikugonjetsa mayesero a mphamvu popanda khama iliyonse. olamulira angapo anazindikira ndiponso kumvetsa lingaliro chomwe iwo: ". Anthu amakhala mnzake" Mu ntchito yake nthanthi ankaoneka wopita kwa aliyense wa ife: "Tayerekezerani kuti inuyo ndinu akufa, wamoyo kokha kutali. Nthawi otsala kwapatsidwa kwa inu owonjezera ziyembekezo, mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe ndi anthu. "