Dzhuliya Chayld: MBIRI, mafilimu ndi mphoto

Dzhulii Chayld khitchini akadali otchuka ndi amayi ambiri padziko lonse. Mkazi uyu ali ndi luso lake zophikira mukopedwe osati American anthu, komanso m'mayiko ena.

zaka zoyambirira

Wotchuka TV ophika ndi wolemba - Dzhuliya Chayld wobadwa Julia McWilliams - anabadwa August 15, 1912 ku Pasadena, mu North America boma la California. Iye ali wamkulu mwa ana atatu. Julia ankadziwika ndi nicknames angapo monga Juke, Juju ndi Jukies. bambo ake, John McWilliams, Jr., ndi maphunziro a Princeton ndipo ntchito ngati malo Investor weniweni California. mkazi wake, Julia Kerolin Veston, nakhala wolowa nyumba kwa mphero pepala. bambo ake anatumikira monga wachiwiri-kazembe wa Massachusetts.

banja Julia anali anapeza katundu ndithu chuma, ndi chifukwa, mwana ankakhala zambiri ndi tinganene kuti anali kuleredwa mwayi. Dzhuliya Chayld, buku kuphika mu mawu amene ndigwira anasangalala chidwi, anali ophunzira pa sukulu osankhika atsikana Ketrin Brenson kuti San Francisco. kukula panthawi imeneyo inali 6 mapazi 2 mainchesi, kotero izo zinali wophunzira yaitali m'kalasimo. Iye anali joker, malinga ndi zimene anzake akhoza nthabwala kwenikweni zakutchire. Julia analinso wofuna ndi sporty, ndi talente wapadera pamasewera a gofu, tennis, wokondedwa kusaka.

Jobs poyamba

Mu 1930, iye analembetsa ku Smith College ku Northampton, Massachusetts, ndi cholinga cha kukhala wolemba. "Pa nthawi imeneyo, panali ndithu odziwika novelists wamkazi, - anandiuza -. Ndipo ine ndinali kukhala mmodzi wa iwo" Ngakhale kuti iye ankakonda kulemba masewero lalifupi Julia anatumizidwa nthawi zonse kuti buku la New Yorker, palibe ntchito yake sichinayambe lofalitsidwa. Nditamaliza maphunziro, anasamukira ku New York, komwe anagwira ntchito m'dipatimenti malonda a yapamwamba katundu kunyumba kampani W & J Sloane. Pambuyo kulanda mtundu LA olimba Julia maganizo.

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse

Mu 1941, pa chiyambi cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, Julia anasamukira ku Washington, DC, pamene iye chibatizidwireni mongodzipereka ankhondo ngati wothandizira cofufuzila Ofesi ya Strategic Services (OSS) - boma latsopano popangidwa ndi mayunitsi nzeru. Mu malo ake Julia zatenganso mbali yofunika popereka mauthenga wachinsinsi zambiri pakati pa akuluakulu a boma US ndi alonda nzeru. Kenako, Julia ndi anzake ogwira yatumizidwa kwa ntchito mfundo zosiyanasiyana njira padziko lonse. Anapita China, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Mu 1945, pamene adali mu Sri Lanka, Julia anakumana ndi anayamba chibwenzi wantchito wa USS Paulo Child. Mu September 1946, pambuyo Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, Julia ndi Paulo anabwerera ku America ndipo atakwatiwa.

sukulu zophikira

Mu 1948, pamene Paulo unasamutsidwira Information Service United States pa American ofesi ya kazembe ku Paris, Childe banja anasamukira ku France. Ngakhale Julia ndipo panali chizolowezi French zakudya. Analembetsa mu kuphika sukulu Cordon Bleu, dziko wotchuka. Pambuyo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi wa maphunziro, zimene zinaphatikizapo Zochita ndi wophika payekha Max Benard. Pambuyo pake, Julia, pamodzi ndi ophunzira anzathu Cordon Bleu Simonoy Bek ndi Luizet Berthol anapanga kuphika yake sukulu L'Ecole de A Trois Gourmandes.

"Lophunzira Luso la French Kuphika"

Kuti azolowere zovuta French zakudya kwa America wamba, akamaphika atsikana atatu ntchito pa chilengedwe cha buku ziwiri buku la maphikidwe. Akazi analandira pasadakhale $ 750 ntchitoyo. Komabe, wofalitsa kuchepa mphamvu anakana pamanja chifukwa cha kutalika kwambiri 734 masamba. wofalitsa wina anayamba ndi Cookbook yaikulu, kumasuka mu September 1961, wakuti "lophunzira Luso la French Kuphika." Ntchito imatengedwa chilengedwe groundbreaking, ndipo bukuli anakhalabe bestseller kwa zaka zisanu pambuyo kulifalitsa. Kuyambira pamenepo, buku wakhala muyezo mtsogoleri dera zophikira.

Julia anathandiza kulimbikitsa m'buku lake akuitanira pa mitsinje ya kanema onse Boston kuti sanali kutali ndi kwawo. Chifaniziro cha mtundu wake anali rectilinear ndi nthabwala - izo yophika mazira mu mlengalenga. yankho anthu anasangalala, Julia analandira makalata ochokera owerenga ambiri, osanenapo osatha foni. Kenaka anaitanidwa ku TV kwa khalidwe la pulogalamu yake kuphika. Poyamba, Julia udachita $ 50 kuonetsa ndipo kenako amalipiritsa ndi anaukitsidwa kwa $ 200 kuphatikiza mtengo.

kupambana TV

Mu 1962, pa WGBH TV njira anayamba telecast "French kuphika TV", umene anafotokoza kuti tinachita "lophunzira Luso la French Kuphika" anatha kusintha maganizo American kwa chakudya, ndipo Julia wakhala wotchuka m'deralo. Posakhalitsa, "The French Olemekezeka" anasonyezedwa pa wailesi 96 kudutsa America.

Mu 1964, Julia analandira yapamwamba George oterewa Peabody linapereka, ndipo kenako mu 1966 - linapereka Emmy. Mu 1970 ndi 1980s, Julia anapanga maonekedwe wokhazikika pa ABC ndi m'mawa amasonyeza "Good Morning America."

Pa nthawi yomweyo ankayesetsa, ndi mapulogalamu ena, monga "Dzhuliya Chayld ndi Company" (1978), "J. Child ndi makampani zambiri" (1980), "chakudya ndi Julia" (1983). Panalinso kusamukira ndi kumene Julie anachita review wa cookbooks awo, anakhala bestsellers ndi kuphimba mbali zonse za luso zophikira. cookbooks ake zaposachedwapa anali "Master Maphunziro ndi Julia Child" (1995), "kuphika ndi Julia" (1996), "A nkhomaliro chokoma Julia" (1998) ndi "Zongotigwera nkhomaliro Julia" (1999), onse amene anali limodzi ndi oveteredwa.

otsutsa

Komabe, si onse anali mafani Julia. Nthawi kudzudzulidwa m'makalata a amaonetsa chifukwa zilibe osasamba m'manja mwawo, komanso mfundo yakuti, maganizo awo, khalidwe lake m'khitchini ndikolakwika. "Inu ndi onyansa mwamtheradi kuphika, mulibe kudziwa ngakhale kuchotsa nyama mafupa," - analemba ena. "Inde, ine sindikudziwa za anthu amene ali hypersensitive kuti ukhondo" - Iye adayankha Child. Ena anali nkhawa kofunikira kwambiri mafuta, ndiwo French kuphika. Dzhuliya Chayld poyankha kuti anapereka anthu onsewa pang'ono. "Ine angakonde kudya supuni imodzi ya chokoleti keke Russe, kuposa atatu mbale odzola" - iye anati.

Imfa komanso zotsatira

Ngakhale otsutsa ndi, Julia anapitiriza kufalitsa nsonga pa kuphika. Mu 1993, iye anali kupereka ntchito, mkaziyo anakhala mkazi woyamba kulowa Hall Omveka zophikira Institute. Mu November 2000, pambuyo ntchito zaka 40 kuti watidziŵitsa dzina lake kugwirizana ndi chakudya chabwino ndi oyang'anira zophika wotchuka mu dziko, Julia analandira mphoto apamwamba France - ndi Legiyo Ulemu. Ndipo mu August 2002 National Museum of American History Smithsonian anapereka chionetsero, kumene atatu otchuka kuphika limasonyeza Julia amaonetsa.

Dzhuliya Chayld, chithunzi chimene chili bwino kuti aliyense kuphika akatswiri anafa August 2004 ku matenda a impso kunyumba kwake mu Montecito, masiku awiri pamaso kubadwa kwake 92nd. Julie sanaleke ntchito zawo ngakhale mu masiku otsiriza. "Pensioners sasangalala, choncho tiyenera ntchito kwa kwambiri mapeto" - iye anati. Atamwalira buku autobiography kuti: "Moyo wanga ku France," linasindikizidwa ndi thandizo la Child mphwake - Alex. bukhulo lomwe limafotokoza nkhani ya Julia anazindikira kuti ndi ntchito woona, anakhala bestseller.

Kukumbukira Julia akupitiriza moyo ndipo tsopano mothandizidwa ndi cookbooks zosiyanasiyana ndi kuphika mumamuganizira. Mu 2009, mkulu filimu Nora Efuraini ndi "Julie & Julia" anakhala owonetsera kugunda kanema, limanena za moyo, umene unachitikira ndi Dzhuliya Chayld. Mufilimuyi anakhala chidwi chakuti filimu nyenyezi Meril Mzere ndi Amy Adams. Kuchitila ake Streep kum'patsa mphoto "Golden Globe" chifukwa Best Ammayi ndipo asankha kuti mphoto "Oscar".

August 15, 2012 chidzakhala chikumbutso 100th wa Julia. Mogwirizana ndi chikondwerero cha m'zaka za odyera mkazi kudutsa United States nawo ndawala "Mlungu wa odyera ndi Yuliya," Dzhulii Chayld maphikidwe nsembe pa menyu.