Elephant Man Dzhozef Merrik: Mbiri ya Moyo

Kumva mawu akuti "njovu munthu", nthawi yomweyo ambiri anakumbukira filimu za Joseph Merrick zowawa matenda zoopsa. Osati aliyense akudziwa kuti munthu wotereyu - osati wongopeka, munthu weniweni. anali ndani, nanga ndi mbiri ya moyo wake?

banja

Anabadwa Dzhozef Keri Merrick (Joseph Carey Merrick) mu English mzinda wa Leicester mu 1862. Poganizira, ziyenera kuti moyo wake unali wa mfupi - zaka 27, popeza iye anamwalira mu 1890.

Merrick Banja anali kwambiri kuti palibe munthu wamba, makolo anabwera kuchokera makalasi m'munsi: bambo ake ankagwira ntchito coachman ndi amake - wantchito. Iwo anakwatira mu 1861 ndipo posakhalitsa anabadwa awo oyamba kubadwa - Dzhozef Keri Merrick. monga mwana, ndi mwana wamkazi Marion a khunyu, zomwe zinachititsa kuti amwalire zake zosapsa pa zaka 24. Mu 1866 ndi 1867 anaonekera mu banja ali ndi ana awiri, koma mwamuna ndi mkazi womaliza mwana Merrick anafa fever. Mu 1873 iye anafa ndi mayi yekha Yosefe kutupa kwa mapapu ndi bronchi. atate wake posachedwa kukwatirana, koma osati vzljubili ondipeza stepson chifukwa cha ugliness ake n'kuyamba kupulumuka m'nyumba.

maonekedwe

Choyamba, kanthu kunja kwa mnyamata zizindikiro za vuto, koma ali ndi zaka zisanu, anayamba kuoneka zizindikiro woyamba wa matendawa. Khungu m'madera ena wakhala flabby, ndi ena - yankhaza, akhakula. Anayamba kusintha mtundu wake, wakhala ndithu amafanana pamwamba pa khungu la njovu. Kuwonjezera izi, Dzhozef Merrik mwana anavulala ntchafu yake mu kugwa, ndipo vuto chikwiyire kupunduka imene zowawa mpaka mapeto a masiku.

matenda patsogolo likunena, ndipo posapita imfa ya mutu wa Merrick ankawoneka ngati iyi: mbali mazunzo fupa wakhala yaikulu kumanga-ndi lamanja ndi kuseri kwa khungu Anapachikidwa mu makutu akhakula, pafupifupi kutseka diso lako lakumanja. Zinali ngati chotupa chachikulu. Ambiri, mutu anali masentimita 92 m'mimba mwake. Pamwamba pa khungu kwa kapangidwe ake anafanana ndi kolifulawa florets. Tsitsi pafupifupi sanali. Kutupa kumanja mutu napita kwa mphuno, ndipo milomo mavuto olumala. Chifukwa cha ichi, anali Joseph slurred.

Chakumbuyo, khungu akhakula amadziwikanso anapachika makutu yaikulu. Dzanja lamanja linali lalikulu kuposa kumanzere kangapo: okha dzanja anali masentimita 30 mu circumference, ndipo chala - 12 masentimita Sam Merrick analemba kuti kumaoneka ngati thunthu njovu .. Iye akhacita yekha ndi dzanja lamanzere, chifukwa pa nthawi yoyenera wakhala unusable. Pa mapazi ake komanso zophuka ndi khungu makutu.

Posachedwapa anatomists adzipangira kukhazikitsanso kompyuta maonekedwe ake. Ndimo momwe ena amaonekera Dzhozef Merrik, ngati anabadwa wathanzi.

Chifukwa Merrick amatchedwa "Elephant Man"?

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19 anali amoyo tsankho ambiri, makamaka, anthu ankakhulupirira kuti ena maganizo pa mimba zingakhudze maonekedwe a mwanayo. Ndipo ngati mayi Dzhozefa Merrika, pokhala mantha okwiya njovu, ugliness ake analemba ndendende chifukwa ichi. Mwatsoka, ndiye ife sankadziwa kalikonse za matenda majini zimenezi madokotala ndi Merrick adakhulupirira iye yekha mu Baibulo ili.

Koma chifukwa chakuti mavuto ichi Kalanga?

matenda

madokotala amakono apeza matenda angapo chibadwa, zomwe maonekedwe owonongeka maonekedwe Dzhozefa Merrika. Choyamba, izo neurofibromatosis lembani I (kapena matenda Recklinghausen). Iwo amakhala ndi chotupa-thumba woboola pakati, atapachikidwa formations ndi kukhalapo kwa mawanga inki lalikulu. Komanso, zizindikiro za neurofibromatosis monga asymmetry wa miyendo ndi mbali ya nkhope, monga unkachitika mu Merrick. Mu mawu osavuta, ndi kudwala wamba wa khungu, mafupa ndi mantha dongosolo. Mwatsoka, mankhwala ndipo tsopano ali pafupi palibe ndalama amamenyana ndi matenda m'thupi, koma anabadwa "Elephant Man" Dzhozef Merrik mu nthawi yathu, ngakhale kuti akhoza kuchotsa zonse timakhala-ndi mapangidwe khungu thumba-opaleshoni.

The matenda chachiwiri - ndi matenda Proteus. Iye amatchulidwa ndi chosowa kwambiri majini matenda yodziwika ndi overgrowth ndi kukula nthenda ya fupa ndi khungu. matenda ndi wosachiritsika, koma madokotala angathe kutalikitsa moyo wa odwala matenda izi.

Kupeza ntchito

Kodi Merrick osauka anakhoza kupeza chakudya, chifukwa panalibe ubwino chilema? Chifukwa cha nkhanza ndi kunyozedwa Yosefe anasiya maphunziro ake ku sukuluyi zaka 13. The atate anamupatsa msewu malonda, koma odutsa shied kuchokera maonekedwe ake. Choncho, Merrick anapita ku fakitale fodya, koma posakhalitsa anachoka, ndiponso ntchito imeneyi, chifukwa mtundu wa dzanja lake lamanja adatsogola kunena naye kuchita ntchito yake. Bambo ndi akulera ana opeza mowirikiza manyazi ndipo ankakonda kumumenya Yosefe, anachoka kwawo pa zaka 17.

"Cirque Du amati"

Ndatopa njira woyendayenda wa moyo, mu 1884 iye anapita pofuna bwanji Tom Norman. Inali njira yokhayo mwanjira zofunika pa moyo kwa anthu ngati Merrick. Mu zikutiuza ife amaonetsa zosiyanasiyana kuvulala. Mu kampani anam'chitira bwino, makamaka chifukwa kumeneko anakumana ndi anthu ndi tsoka chimodzimodzi.

ntchito zina zisudzo mlungu uliwonse. omvera moti nthawi zonse kuti tione chilema anthu, makamaka, ndipo pa "Elephant Man". ntchito yake anali kuonetsera thupi lake pansi kulira mantha ya mwinji wa anthu. Zinali zamanyazi, koma njira zina kuti azipeza kulibeko. Dzhozef Merrik ngakhale anatha kupulumutsa kuchuluka wabwino - 50 mapaundi. Panthawiyo, akanakhala ndi moyo wabwino kwa 2 zaka ndalama.

Koma posakhalitsa bwanji freak inaletsedwa ku England, ndi Tom Norman anakakamizika kugulitsa Dzhozefa Merrika mwini maseŵeralo ku Austria. Koma iye anali mwachinyengo munthu nanyamula zonse ndalama anasonkhanitsa Merrick. Popanda khobidi mu thumba lake, Joseph anabwerera kwawo. Iye anali kopita.

Ubwenzi ndi dokotala Sir Frederick Trevesi

Kumanja imodzi mwa masiteshoni wa London Mobisa Yosefe kuukira mphumu. Odutsa wotchedwa dokotala, amene ntchito khadi mwangozi kugona pa thumba Merrick a. Zinali ndikuphunzitsidwa thupi, membala wa London Society kwa pathological Sir Frederick Trevesi banja, amene anakumana Joseph, kuyankhula mu masewera aja a. Iye, ndithudi, anabwera ndipo linapereka thandizo lofunika. Kenako, iwo anakhala mabwenzi Joseph.

Mu Maulendo Ake, Dr. Frederik Trivz ananena kuti choyamba ataona "Elephant Man" pa siteji, ine ndinaganiza kuti mwina moronic ndipo mwamwayi, sankadziwa mantha onse a moyo wake. Koma sizinali choncho. Yosefe anali wochenjera kwambiri. Komanso, mu jekete chowopsya Sir Frederick Trevesi anatha kuganizira mtundu ndi mwamuna tcheru.

Kuyambira pa nthawi ya Dzhozef Merrik kale kuwasamalira, Sir Frederick Trevesi mkhalapakati ndi chotsimikiziridwa mu London Hospital Royal. Pali iye anapatsidwa chipinda osiyana, kumene iye akanakhoza moyo. Anamwino, woyamba mwa mayiko nastrozhenno mtima, sanachedwe mu chikondi ndi Joseph kwa wofatsa ndi wodzichepetsa.

Sir Frederick Trevesi kodi Yosefe adasunga mpaka mapeto a masiku ake. Iye anatenga wake mu ophimba ndi mawindo otsekedwa mu dziko, pamene iye ankakonda kucheza nthawi. Merrick anakhala chidwi kusonkhanitsa herbarium. Analinso zisudzo pafupipafupi. Iye ali ndi bwalo latsopano la abwenzi, ambiri a iwo anali anthu a udindo wapamwamba.

chakuti "njovu munthu" anali entree mu anthu osankhika, chifukwa iwo atadziwa lonse wa London chifukwa atolankhani. Malemba amanenera za iye, ndipo ambiri ankafuna aliyense payekha kuyang'ana ndi kulankhula ndi munthu wosawoneka. Ngakhale Mfumukazi Uelskaya Aleksandra zambiri ankabwera Merrick kuchipatala. Kumene, zonsezi ndi zosiyanasiyana linakhalapo zochepa.

mkati

Nthawi zambiri, anthu amene ali ofanana ndi tsogolo la "Elephant Man", udzasungunuka pissed pa Mulungu, anthu, ndi pozungulira. Merrik Dzhozef, amene yonena sanam'patse chifukwa aliyense kuti zinthu zidzakhala bwino, kotero, n'zosadabwitsa kuti sanali. Ngakhale kuti moyo wake wakhala phunziro la nthabwala wankhanza, iye sadana amuna kapena Mulungu. Komanso, wasunga ulemu wawo. Mnzanu wa Sir Frederick Trevesi odabwa mmene wachifundo, wokoma, ndipo ngakhale pang'ono chikondi anali munthu Merrick.

Yosefe anali munthu kulenga. zinamuchitikira wauzimu, anasonyeza kuti ndakatulo ndi prose. Komanso lofalitsidwa kabuku ndi autobiography wake. Ngakhale Merrick anali kugwira ntchito kokha ndi dzanja lake lamanzere, ankakonda kumanga chitsanzo ka tchalitchi, pamene Hospital Royal.

imfa

Apa ndi yochepa mbiri. Dzhozef Merrik anafa ali aang'ono: pa nthawi ya imfa alibe ngakhale anatembenuka ndi zaka 28. Izi zinachitika mu 1890 pa London Hospital Royal.

Mu zaka zomalizira za moyo wake, Yosefe sanathe kugona pa pilo, ndipo atakhala wolungama, chifukwa iye zinasokoneza zotupa ndi zophuka pamutu. Koma tsiku lina iye ankafuna kugona chigonere, monga anthu onse yachibadwa. kuyesera inatha mu kulephera: Yosefe atamwalira a asphyxia, chifukwa mutu anapita kwambiri khosi lake wosalimba. Imfa yake inali ngati zomvetsa chisoni, monga zamoyo zonse.

Dzhozef Merrik ( "njovu munthu"): ogwidwa, aphorisms

Wotchuka kwambiri ndi ndakatulo imene analemba Merrick. Apa ananena za tsiku ndi tsiku awo:

Inde, ndikudziwa kuti ndikuoneka kuposa zachilendo,

Koma akundinenezazi izi, ndipo amachititsa Mulungu.

Ngati ine ndikanakhoza kulenga okha mwatsopano,

Ndikufuna mwala inu.

Ngati ine ndinapita ku mtengo kwa mtengo,

Ngati ochepa scooped mpaka nyanja,

N'kulipereka kwa moyo wanga

Ndi malingaliro a munthu wabwinobwino.

Imodzi mwa mawu otchuka kwambiri Yosefe kuti: "Palibe ... palibe, konse ... kanthu Mwamsanga mpweya wa mphepo, mvula, mitambo yoyera, kugunda ... Palibe adzafa .." Popeza kuwawa wa kupatuka anthu, Merrick anamaliza mu chiganizo chimodzi: "Anthu amaopa zimene iwo sangakhoze kumvetsa."

Pafupi mafilimu a kanema a

Dzhozef Keri Merrick linkadziwika kuti "Elephant Man", anakhala ngwazi mafilimu angapo. Mu filimu "ku gahena" mu 2001, iye amapezeka zina mu British TV onena "Ripper Street" Sir Frederick Trevesi ndi Merrick anayamba mndandanda angapo a m'nkhaniyi. Koma mbiri yonse ya moyo wake zikusonyezedwa Davide Lynch filimu "Elephant Man", khalidwe lalikulu ankaimba ndi Dzhon Hort, ndi bwenzi lake Doctor - Anthony Hopkins.

Ndi Kalanga moyo Dzhozefa Merrika anayamba choncho ndi sakanachita, koma anapereka chitsanzo chachikulu cha mmene mungakhalire nthawi zonse anthu.