Ella Fitzgerald: yonena, chithunzi

Jazz nyimbo anayamba ndi anthu ambiri mu 20 ntchentche za m'ma XX, chifukwa zikamera aluso kwambiri luso ntchito mu mtundu wanyimbo izi. Mmodzi wa iwo anali Ella Fitzgerald, kanthawi yonena tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino. Ndiuze zambiri za ubwana wake, kulenga njira, moyo wake ndi zaka zapitazi.

Childhood ndi unyamata

Childhood za tsogolo woimba kwambiri si zogwira mtima. Iye anabadwa April 25, 1917 mu banja la woyendetsa galimoto ndi antchito zovala. Komabe, makolo ake sanali mwalamulo utoto mwamsanga omwazika pambuyo maonekedwe a mwana wake. mayi Ella, 23 wazaka kudziletsa Fitzgerald, natenga mwana wake, anasamukira ku mbali ya kum'mwera ya New York. Pali anakumana ndi Chipwitikizi Joseph de A Silva, yemwe anadzakhala bambo a woyimba. Mu 1923, m'banja mwana wina wotchedwa Francis. Fitzgerald anakhala bwino kwambiri, lendi chipinda pamdadada. Makolo Ella anali anthu achipembedzo, kawirikawiri mtsikanayo anapita ku tchalitchi, pamene anaimba mauthenga. Monga mwana, iye alinso amakonda kuvina, mafilimu a kanema ndi masewera.

Ella Jane Fitzgerald mbiri limafotokoza nkhani imeneyi, ndinaona amayi ake anamwalira zaka 14. Kudziletsa anafa mwadzidzidzi ndi nthenda ya mtima kuti kwambiri wolumala mtsikana. Chifukwa cha imfa ya mayi, iye anasiya sukulu ndi ubale ndi bambo ake kwambiri sakuyenda. Chifukwa, anasamukira ku azakhali ake ndipo ndinayamba ntchito ngati wosamalira mu mahule. Pamene Izi zinadziwika kwa utumiki m'ndende, Ella ananditumiza kunyumba kwa ovutika ana. Koma Fitzgerald posachedwa anathamanga kuti kwa kanthawi anakakamizika kukhala moyo pa msewu.

Chiyambi cha njira kulenga

Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa siteji, Ella anatuluka mu zaka 17, ankachita nawo mpikisano talente, umene unachitikira mu zisudzo "Apollo". Poyamba, iye anafuna kuvina, koma pa mphindi yotsiriza anasintha maganizo ake ndi kuimba. wopambana The anatsimikiza mwa omvetsera anawombera m'manja, amene anakuwa loudest, pamene khamu anati: "Ella Fitzgerald". Wambiri ya ntchito yake anayamba kwa mphindi. Mu 1935, iye anayamba kuchita ndi Chick Webb Orchestra, amene mabanga izo pa kulankhula, "Apollo". kugunda wake woyamba anali nyimbo A-Tisket, A-Tasket, lomwe linalembedwa pa maziko a rhymes ana. Mu 1938, Webb anafa ndi Ella analanda kasamalidwe Banda, renaming izo Ella ndi wake otchuka Orchestra. Pamodzi ndi oyimba walemba pafupifupi 150 songs, koma sanathe kukhala otchuka. Band unasweka mu 1942 pamene Ella anaganiza kuganizira ntchito yake payekha.

Atachoka gulu, woimba zinasaina pangano ndi situdiyo nyimbo Decca Records, ndipo ntchito yake anayamba kulimbana ndi Milt Gabler ndi Norman Granz. Ella anayamba kuoneka kawirikawiri pa jazi nyimbo, pamene Iye anayesera kuyimba mu bebop kalembedwe, kuwongolera awo nyimbo luso. Mu 1945, Fitzgerald analemba nyimbo Flying Home, ndi otsutsa nachiyika pa ndime ndi ojambula kutsogolera, kuphatikizapo Louis Armstrong. 2 Patapita zaka, Ella anamasulidwa nyimbo O Lady Limbani, kenako anatchedwa zabwino jazi vocalist wa khumi.

Pachimake pa ntchito zoimbira za Ella

Ntchito wotchuka Ella anafika mu 50s ndipo 60s. Mu 1955, iye oyima mgwirizano ndi Decca Records, ndipo iye woyang'anira Norman amatipatsa amalenga ake kujambula situdiyo iye. Mu 1956, anamasulidwa Album wake woyamba ndi songwriter wa mndandanda nyimbo, ndi zina nyimbo ndi mawu kuti nyimbo Ella analemba nokha. Anadzatchedwa Albums wina 7 ija, amene anabweretsa woimba yaikulu akaikwera. Pakati pa matepi a oimba Fitzgerald tinakaona US ndi Europe. zoimbaimba ake anasonkhana maholo wonse Rome, Berlin, Hollywood, Chicago, Los Angeles.

Mu 1960, Ella Fitzgerald, zithunzi zimene zili m'nkhani ino, walandira yapamwamba mphoto "Grammy" chifukwa ntchito yapadera nyimbo "The Ballad wa Mack mpeni." Koma mu 1961, chizindikiro Ella zogula MGM kampani, umene posachedwapa asiye ntchito ndi woimba. Mu 1967, woimba amene kutchuka analowa kuchepa, anaganiza kuchoka ku jazi tingachipeze powerenga ndi kuyamba kuyetsa nkhani zawo kulenga.

Ella Fitzgerald: MBIRI wa malemu

Pakutayika chizindikiro wake, Ella anayamba kugwirizana ndi situdiyo Capitol, Atlantic ndi Reprise. Album adzawalitsa Corne, linatuluka mu 1967, anakhala zosonkhanitsira 35 a imba. Pamafunikanso zikondwerero ambiri otchuka Mkhristu ndi nyimbo za nthawi. Kuseri kwa Iye kukubwera Album Khirisimasi songs, ndi chaka kenako anamasulidwa magulu Ella m'dziko kalembedwe, amene analibe nawo ntchito iliyonse kutsutsa kapena omvera. nyimbo yake yomaliza, imene anacititsa pamwamba zotchuka, anali nyimbo Konzekera, lofalitsidwa mu 1969.

Live jazi Album mu 1972 kunali bwino malonda, ndi Norman Grits ankapitabe kuti akonze chizindikiro watsopano, kumene Ella Fitzgerald, amene yonena ali cikumbutso oposa 90, anamasulidwa 20 zopereka zambiri. Polemba zoimbaimba ku London unachitika mu 1974, chathandiza kutchuka kwa imba. Otsutsa amanenela imodzi asangalatsi zabwino ndi ntchito. Chaka chotsatira, iye mobwerezabwereza kupambana kwake pa zoimbaimba ku Hamburg.

moyo

Kawiri pa moyo wake anakwatira Ella Fitzgerald. Wambiri ya woimba ananena kuti mwamuna wake woyamba anali Benny Carnegie, amene anali mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo moonlighting padoko. Komabe, moyo olowa iwo sizinayende ndipo patapita zaka 2 ukwati otchedwa yosagwira ntchito. ukwati wake ankasinthana mu 1947, pamene Ella anakwatira jazi woimba Ray Brown. Iwo ankakhala moyo palimodzi mpaka 1953, kenaka kuti achoke chifukwa amatanganidwa. Akukhulupirira kuti Ella atakwatiwa kachiwiri mu 1957, koma izi mudziwe sipanatenge anatsimikizira.

zaka Last ndi imfa

Kumapeto kwa mawu 70s Ella linkakula chifukwa kusintha obwera ndi ukalamba. Mu 1991, iye anakakamizika kusiya chojambulira situdiyo Albums chifukwa cha matenda. Mu 1986, imba zowawa opaleshoni ya mtima, kuwonjezera, anayamba kutha maso chifukwa cha ng'ala anaonekera. maonekedwe ake onse otsiriza zinachitika mu 1993, chaka chomwecho chifukwa shuga woimba udulidwe miyendo. Woimba anamwalira mu 1996. masiku otsiriza anakhala kunyumba kwake atazunguliridwa ndi mwana wake ndi mdzukulu.

A chopereka zikuluzikulu jazi ndi nyimbo otchuka anapanga Ella Fitzgerald. Wambiri, mwachidule zomwe Mungawerenge mu izi, yodzazidwa ndi zokondweretsa Yehova. imba anakhala chithunzi kwambiri American nyimbo za m'ma XX, chifukwa mu moyo wanga wonse, iye analemba Albums oposa 90 amene agulitsa Mabaibulo.