Emulsion - osakaniza madzi

Emulsion - chisakanizo cha zinthu. Amakhala ndi chimodzi particles chabwino insoluble mu zina. pophika limeneli limatchedwa "omwazika gawo". chinthu china - kupezeka sing'anga. Mu chigawo chake choyamba ndi anagawira. "Emulsion" - mawu ali ndi chiyambi Latin. Kumasulira limatanthauza "mkaka, mkaka". Tiyeni tione mfundo izi mwatsatanetsatane.

mwachidule

Chifukwa zakumwa ziwiri zimene sizimayenderana kapena kukhumudwa mankhwala, n'zotheka kuti apange emulsion. Chimodzi mwa zigawo ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse madzi. chinthu china imakhala ndi ofooka kumalo ozizira kapena ndale mamolekyulu (mwachitsanzo mafuta). Woyamba kudziwika kwa emulsion onse - mkaka. Apa, particles mafuta dispersible mu madzi. Kukula kwa particles zing'onozing'ono za gawo omwazika ndi 1-50 .mu.m, kotero emulsions ndi machitidwe coarsely omwazika. Low-ndende madzi - unstructured. Zosakaniza ndi ndende mkulu - kusasintha. Pa thermodynamic malo mafuta emulsion - ndi dongosolo osakhazikika. Makulidwe mu m'malovu gawo lalikulu, ndi osakaniza ndi unstructured.

Gawo

Mtundu emulsion analandira zimadalira gawo magawanidwe voliyumu ndi zikuchokera awo, kuchuluka ndi khalidwe la emulsifier, ndi ntchito zake mankhwala, njira ndi kusakaniza njira.

1. Direct kusakanizikana ndi tinthu tina take tating'onoting'ono ya madzi apolar ndi insoluble mu gawo kumalo ozizira (o / yakumadzulo - mawu akuti "mafuta mu madzi"). Pakuti zosakaniza zoterozo emulsifiers angagwiritsidwe ntchito amene ali sungunuka m'madzi, monga particles phula. mamolekyulu awo adsorbed pa filimu padziko mamita-gawo, kuchepetsa osati mavuto, komanso kupanga olimba filimu.
2. Osiyanitsidwa (V / m) osakaniza, amene ntchito emulsifier madzi insoluble.

Zotsatira mankhwala pa emulsion ndi, kuthamanga, kusintha zikuchokera kungayambitse inversion.

1. Emulsion amaundana - osakaniza aumbike zokha zokha. Amaona kuti thermodynamically khola. Zitsanzo ndi otsutsa emulsions khola pamene kutentha malire kukhotera mbali. gulu ili mulinso lubricants ndi madzi chifukwa yozizira.
2. Lyophobic emulsion - osakaniza popangidwa ndi makina, lamayimbidwe kapena aziphatikiza magetsi. Iwo thermodynamically sinkakhala. Chotero zosakaniza popanda emulsifiers kwa nthawi yaitali kulibeko. zigawo wabwino kuphatikizapo: surfactants, mkulu maselo kulemera, madzi sungunuka zinthu ndi mkulu zolimba kupezeka.

phwando

Pali njira zamakono kupanga awiri emulsion. The choyamba - njira yabwino onongani magulu. The chachiwiri - filimu-kupanga ndondomeko, kenako chotupa mu tiziduswa tating'ono ting'ono. Mu chimake choyamba, chinthu anawonjezera pang'onopang'ono kupezeka pa. M'pofunika kuti takeover zonse pa yogwira liwilo. Pankhaniyi, khalidwe la osakaniza kudzadalira zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Makamaka pa mlingo kusakanikirana oyendetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala dispersible, ndende zake, kutentha ndi acidity. Yachiwiri njira - njira imene filimu aumbike padziko gawo lina. Pansi zokula mpweya. Mutsanulira kuichotsa filimu mu madontho ang'onoang'ono chipolowe buku lonse la madzi. Mu nthawi yathu anayamba ntchito mpweya m'malo ultrasound. Izi zimayambitsa kotheratu kwa filimu powomba ngakhale ang'onoang'ono.

chiwonongeko zosakaniza

Popeza kunyema mowiriza wa emulsion pa nthawi. Pali nthawi pamene m'pofunika imathandizira ndondomeko ndi kuchepetsa ambiri pawiri lapansi. Kufunika zogwirizana pamene pamaso pa emulsion kwambiri moyikirapo kumalepheretsa ndondomeko ya chithandizo cha chuma kapena ntchito zake zolondola. Kuti imathandizira pa ndondomeko ya kuchepetsa ndende ya yankho mu njira zingapo:

1. The njira mankhwala. Ntchito reagents kuwononga padziko mafilimu a emulsifier lapansi. Pankhaniyi mlandu zoipa moonetsetsa padziko filimu kwatha. Pa mfundo yomweyo, ntchito zina organic zowonjezera zakudya (- demulsifiers biologically yogwira zinthu) zochokera.
2. Kuwonjezera wa emulsifier kuchititsa mapangidwe cations, amene kukopa zoipa padziko mlandu ndi pamwamba mafilimu chifukwa kusokoneza emulsifier. njira boma bata amachepetsa.
3. M'malo ena emulsifier surfactant chigawo (PAVom). Iwo dilutes ndende ya woyambayo, koma iko kokha kupanga mokwanira amphamvu filimu.
4. Matenthedwe njira. Ndi njira imeneyi, emulsion pansi pa zotsatira ikukhudzana kamene kamayambitsa mtolo wake.
5. Mawotchi njira. Njira chimake amatchedwanso olekanitsa. emulsion anali jekeseni pang'onopang'ono mu onsewo ndi lalikulu okhota mathamangidwe chidebe. yankho A n'kugwa mu tuzigawo twa chigawo chimodzi mwa kulemera.
6. Njira zodabwitsa magetsi kapena kuwonjezera electrolyte kuti emulsion lapansi. Mu njira iyi kusokoneza okhazikika zoipa woyang'anira padziko zosakaniza filimu.

ntchito

Osiyanasiyana ntchito emulsions makampani kwambiri. Makamaka, mankhwala ntchito:

1. Kupanga margarine ndi batala.
2. Mu kupanga sopo.
3. Kupanga zipangizo zopangidwa mphira achilengedwe.
4. Yomanga. Mwachitsanzo, phula emulsion - pawiri izi nonflammable.
5. Mu ulimi: mankhwala - zosiyanasiyana mankhwala kuti awononge mbewu tizirombo.
6. Mankhwala zolinga: izgotolvenie osiyana mankhwala, mafuta, mafuta odzola.
7. Mu kupenta, ntchito utoto zosiyanasiyana emulsion.
8. Tsitsi Zodzoladzola, emulsion, kuteteza pamwamba tsitsi pamene penti. Mwachitsanzo, emulsion naonetsere (ichi oxidizer kwa utoto).
9. The makampani mafuta amagwiritsa chisakanizo cha madzi ndi mafuta, mmene kupezeka kwa gawo limodzi zamadzimadzi wina chimachitika ndi m'malovu kakang'ono - globules.