Lopeza - ndichiyani? Accrual wa benefiti. Benefiti "Gazprom"

Kumvetsa mawu akusaka mavuto a zachuma mphamvu aliyense. Komabe, pali mfundo, n'kumawotha moyo wa ngakhale townsfolk kwambiri ndalama unshod. Mwachitsanzo, lopeza. Kodi mawu amenewa, kodi ndi tanthauzo lake, cholinga ndi chikhalidwe - zonsezi ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi phindu?

Kumbali ya zachuma, benefiti - ali mbali ya phindu kampani linaperekedwa kwa ma sheya hoda pambuyo chobwezera cha malipiro onse chofunika ndi misonkho. Ndiyeno funso latsopano lakuti: "Ndani shareholder?" Munthu kapena bungwe amene padera ndalama zawo ku mafuko kampani kuti tipeze ndalama zina kwa kukula kwa phindu msika, ndiye. E. Only shareholder kudalira kubwerera pa ndalama mu chitukuko cha kumalo a ntchito.

Purchase a magawo - maziko ndalama

Tsopano tiyeni kuthana ndi magawo a. Iwo ali ofanana ndi omwe mukonda. Childs, pamene kuliika kuchuluka kwa gawo (kapena kusasiyana) likulu, ndilo gwero la ndalama kwa ndalama zonse bungwe. Kuchuluka kwa likulu kampani chikalata magawo wamba wa munthu wina phindu mwadzina. Mtengo okwana ayenera kukhala wolingana Uwerenge likulu ovomerezeka. Choncho, kulandira benefiti, muyenera kukhala ndi mwiniwake wa magawo, mu mawu ena, kugula iwo.

Lamanja la chisankho mu malangizo a phindu

Koma osiyanasiyana mu lingaliro la "lopeza". Kodi zina gawo la ndalama ukonde wa chilungamo ndi anagawira mwa ma sheya hoda ake ndi magawo kale bwino. Komabe, mtundu wa ndalama kulipira kapena kulipira - bungwe waganiza, kapena kani, msonkhano ambiri a ma sheya hoda, komanso kupereka mapindu - osati lamulo, koma ufulu wa anthu. Mwalamulo kuti kampani m'chaka kuti ndilengeze benefiti pa magawo mwini, koma chifukwa choti kutero. Lero, kokha kotala onse Russian kampani olowa katundu watero ndipo amalipira benefiti.

An bwino mulingo woyenera kapepala la phindu

gulu lirilonse akufotokozera ndi ntchito kuti azipeza phindu lalikulu. Choncho amafuna aganyali pofuna analandira gawo la mikango kwa chaka cha ndalama. Komabe, kwa nthawi yaitali, n'kosatheka kulipira benefiti kwa ndalama zake: ndi kugwa mitengo gawo zonse kugwa ndalama chikoka cha kampani. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti kuchepa profitability wonse. Choncho, makampani akufuna kufanana kwambiri mulingo woyenera kapepala wa phindu kwa reinvestment motalikira benefiti.

Izo zachitika pa ubwenzi woterewu mu mchitidwe dziko makampani onse: 8-15% ya phindu allocated kuti malipiro lopeza, ndipo ena akhala pa kutaya gulu ndipo anakhala mogwirizana ndi chitukuko kuti: patsogolo ulimi, ntchito yomanga nthambi yatsopano kapena kukulitsa luso maofesi a wogwila. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti makampani Russian sindikufuna zambiri azimukonda ma sheya hoda wa zoperekazo, ndi kuchuluka lopeza yaing'ono.

Amene wasankha pa malipiro a benefiti?

Kupewa mikangano zotheka pakati pa ma sheya hoda ndi mwalamulo malamulo kudziwa kukula ndi lopeza amayesedwa kuti anaona mosamala kwambiri:

• Msonkhano ma sheya hoda 'zidzapita chikalata pa malipiro a benefiti;

• gulu la otsogolera, zinthu zofuna za ma sheya hoda onse, Mzimuyo kukula kwa benefiti m'chaka panopa ndi akuonetsa kuti Msonkhano General;

• ma sheya hoda sakuyenerera kukhazikitsa osiyana ndi wokongola kwambiri ku maganizo awo, kukula kwa malipiro (iwo amati kupereka kapena bolodi kapena waive lopeza ndi amayesedwa).

Kuchuluka lopeza amayikidwa mu rubles Russian pa gawo, ukonde wa msonkho kumana.

Mbali yofunika kwambiri kulengeza lopeza

The lopeza ananena - ndichiyani? Popeza tafotokozera kukula, msonkhano ma sheya hoda wasankha, mwa kulankhula kwina, watero benefiti, anauza ophunzira kukula, mawonekedwe awo ndipo nthawi malipiro.

mawonekedwe a malipiro nthawi anaika mu mayunitsi ndalama. Komabe, ena makampani amachita ndi njira zina, monga chuma. Pankhaniyi, mfundo imeneyi iyenera operekedwa ndi kampani ya hayala.

Mwalamulo nthawi imene kampaniyo chofunika kuti kulanda benefiti kwa ma sheya hoda ake. M'malamulo panopa, nthawi malipiro lopeza akhoza anatsimikiza ndi hayala a kampani kapena msonkhano ma sheya hoda. Ngati pazifukwa zina izi sizichitika, ndiye, malinga ndi lamulo, pasanathe masiku 60 kuchokera tsiku limene lopeza amayesedwa ma sheya hoda alandire ndalama chifukwa iwo.

kalendala ma sheya hoda: Tsiku X

Kotero, kuti benefiti akhoza ma sheya hoda amene mwachita (kulembamo kulanda umwini kwa depository kapena kaundula) magawo pamaso tsiku linalake yolemba ndandanda wa anthu ofunika kulandira ndalama. Lero bodi alinga kuti chiganizo kuti lachiweruzo msonkhano ma sheya hoda. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za tsiku lino kampani imapereka ma sheya hoda ndi 5 masiku kuchokera tsiku pochimanga. Iye lisindikizidwa pa webusaiti kampani boma.

Pa tsiku lomwelo, kampani kulemba mayina a anthu oyenera kukhala nawo mu Msonkhano wa ma sheya hoda. Ichi ndi chikalata osiyana. M'matangadza amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwa mwini wina ndi mzake, ndipo pa tsiku yoikidwiratu, malinga ndi buku la mndandanda, mmodzi wa ma sheya hoda adzakhala kulandira nawo msonkhano ma sheya hoda, ndi munthu - .. Kuti tilandire benefiti. Pa kugulitsa masheya pambuyo kulengeza za tsiku kulembetsa wa mayina a anthu amene ali ndi ufulu kulandira benefiti kwa wogulitsa, kuzindikira sheya izi, koma m'gulu mndandanda (popeza amachita mwa inali iye pa nthawi ya kulemba) ali anapitiriza ufulu umenewu. Kupeza magawo pambuyo yokonza mndandanda anati sapereka mwini latsopano n'zotheka kulandira lopeza kale chaka ndalama. Komano, kupeza magawo mpaka tsiku la kulembetsa pa mndandanda, mwiniwake umalowa mu mndandanda wa anthu ofunika kulandira lopeza ndalama nthawi yonse, ngakhale kugula anali kuimaliza kukonza mu masiku angapo pamaso mndandanda kulembetsa. Motero, magawo a wogulitsa mpaka tsiku la kukafola mndandanda silingathe kumlandira benefiti, ngakhale iye anali mwini wa magawo a chaka chonse ndi anawagulitsa kwa ola limodzi pamaso chonse cha kaundula wa. Pankhaniyi, palibe kanthu nthawi ya umwini wa masheya, n'kofunika okha amene Akuzigwira pa tsiku yoikidwiratu.

familiarization ndi mndandanda wa Shareholder

Lamulo imapereka Ndondomeko yofotokoza mndandanda wa mayina a ma sheya hoda amene ali oyenera kulandira benefiti:

• Kodi shareholder apereke pempho kampani timudziwe bwino chikalata ichi, komanso ndi ufulu wotilamula buku la izo;

• Organization (pasanathe masiku 5 kuchokera tsiku ntchito) pa maziko ufulu amapereka shareholder mwayi timudziwe bwino mndandanda wa makampani m'dera, komanso pa pempho la shareholder akhoza kusamutsa buku la bukuli, mtengo wa buku limene sayenera upambana ndalama zake kupanga.

Non-malipiro a benefiti: Zoyambitsa ndi Zotsatira

Malipiro a benefiti kwa ma sheya hoda akhale ndi kuti makalata kapena kusamukira kubanki. Pezani iwo kapena kudzera mwa munthu wina ndi ulamuliro wosindikiza odziwitsa a.

Kulephera kutsatira kudzipereka kampani kwa ma sheya hoda ake mu mawu a benefiti salipidwa zokwanira kulangidwa kwambiri. shareholder ali ndi ufulu wochita apilo ku khoti ndi kunena kuti wolakwayo m'gulu chifukwa iye kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndi chidwi pa chifukwa nthawi yomweyo. Chidwi mu nkhani iyi ndi kupereka kwa nthawi ya malipiro mochedwa, kuchokera tsiku zotsatirazi tsiku lomaliza la nthawi mwachindunji malipiro.

Ngati sanali kupereka benefiti kwa shareholder yekha mlandu (Mwachitsanzo, kodi sanena mfundo m'mphepete mwa nkhani zimene kampani ndi kupanga kulanda), liwu la Kuthi siingakhale.

Kodi Ine kudziwa za benefiti?

Masiku ano, makampani onse ayenera kupereka mfundo zachuma ndi ntchito pa ntchito yaikulu. Choncho, pa webusaiti bungwe la boma, inu nthawi zonse kupeza mwatsatanetsatane pa benefiti ananena pa magawo, kukula, mawonekedwe ndi nthawi malipiro.

The lopeza zokolola za makampani Russian

The chizindikiro chachikulu cha mphamvu ya mfundo pamaso pathu ndi lopeza zokolola, amene masamu monga anthu, monga chiŵerengero cha zasungidwa pa cholowa mtengo msika. Tikumbukenso kuti Russian kampani mchitidwe kulipira benefiti ang'onoang'ono magawo, ngakhale posachedwapa anaonekera issuers amene amasamala onse magulu a ma sheya hoda ake - ochepa (zing'onozing'ono) ndipo ambiri (lalikulu).

The lopeza zokolola za makampani Russian pafupifupi kuzungulira 5-8%. Kutsogolera udindo pa chizindikiro ichi cha 2013 ndi azikhala benefiti "Bashneft" pa magawo wamba zinali 17,82% mu magawo yochezera - 12,93%. Phindu la sheya mu 2013, oposa 10%, zotsatirazi makampani m'dera: OJSC MGTS, JSC "Akron", JSC "E.ON Russia". Benefiti "Bashneft", nditapatsidwa dziko la profitability, amatha kuonjezera chikoka ndalama za kampaniyo ndipo kwambiri kuwonjezera phindu lake shareholder. Kodi zina ndi Obst SA?

"Gazprom" lopeza mu 2013 ndi kwambiri m'munsi - zokolola zawo anali 5.2%. Komabe, kampani chaka ndi chaka amalipira ndalama chifukwa ma sheya hoda lapansi. Msika mtengo wa masheya ikukula likunena, mkhalidwe wachuma wa JSC kuposa khola. Malinga ndi Zoneneratu wa akatswiri chilungamo, "Gazprom" lopeza m'chaka panopa zingawonjezere, kufika mlingo wa 2011.

Benefiti ndi misonkho

Mofanana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa ndalama, lopeza analandira mwa shareholder ku kampani phunziro kwa msonkho. Mlingo msonkho, malinga ndi msonkho Code, anatsimikiza kuti aliyense m'gulu la amakhoma misonkho payokha.

Nzika ndi alendo malamulo okhazikika m'dziko msonkho anthu, mlingo msonkho ndalama lopeza amamasulidwa pa 9%. Nzika amene alibe udindo tatchulawa, msonkho ndalama amenewa adzakhala masamu pa mlingo wa 30%. Kwa anthu malamulo alibe udindo wa msonkho wokhala ya Russian Federation, mlingo msonkho - 15%.

Monga ulamuliro, ndi Russian makampani onse mwalamulo ngati wothandizira msonkho ndi kulipira benefiti kwa ma sheya hoda ndi woyambitsa, kale chodalira ofunika kusunga ndi posamutsa kuti bajeti, kotero palibe kanthu m'pofunika ayambe shareholder.

Mlandu wotuluka lopeza

Tchati panopa nkhani imapereka dongosolo bwino mlandu wa gwero choterocho, monga lopeza a. Nkhani 75 "midzi ndi ma sheya hoda" kudziunjikira mfundo zonse za mawerengedwe ndi malipiro ya ndalama zimenezi. Kuyambira zolowa zomwe zasungidwa, ndalama, kopeleka malipiro, msonkho munthu ndi ena chifukwa limafanana bwino. Apa ndi kutenga mu benefiti nkhani. Zolemba kusonyeza accrual, mphamvu ndi kupereka ndalama zimenezi, motere:

• Deuteronomo 84 kt 75/2 - chiwerengero cha phindu allocated malipiro a benefiti.

• Deuteronomo 75/2 kt 70 - amasonyeza kuchuluka kwa accrued ndalama kwa ma sheya hoda, antchito kampani.

• Deuteronomo 75/2 kt 68 - msonkho munthu kumana pa benefiti kwa ma sheya hoda amene si ntchito ndi kampani.

• Deuteronomo 75/2 K-50 T 51 - malipiro a phindu la ndalama kapena ndalama kutengerapo ku zikusinthira (Pamudzi) wa nkhaniyi.

• Deuteronomo 75/2 kt 91 - amasonyeza nkhope mtengo wa bilu ngati malipiro opangidwa ndi wachilekaniro kuwombola ndi kampani.

• Deuteronomo 91 kt 58/2 - mtengo lenileni la kugula zolemba promissory anasonyeza pa nkhani 58/2.

• Deuteronomo 91 (99) kt 99 (91) - chifukwa chuma (phindu kapena imfa) kwa kutaya zolemba promissory.

• Deuteronomo 75/2 kt 90 (91) - anasonyeza kugulitsa mtengo wa katundu kapena chuma ena kuchuluka ngongole ndalama, pokhapokha hayala amapereka kuwerengetsera kampani lopeza.

Kotero, ife penapake Mukalongosola akamanena za mfundo chuma "lopeza" (kutanthauza, kodi ubwino kuulandira), ndipo tikuyembekezera kuti nkhani imeneyi kudzakuthandizani kumvetsa "zikusowa" bizinesi Russian.