EU malangizo RoHS - ndichiyani?

Panopa, dera lonse ndi kusamalira kwambiri zinthu zachilengedwe. Ndi leaps ndi malire ndi chitukuko cha umisiri watsopano, migodi, yothetsa m'madera a zipululu, ndi mapiri. Komabe, pamodzi ndi ubwino mbali imodzi ku mbali zawo zoipa: kuwonongeka kwa zachilengedwe, kutha kwa nyama ndi zomera, kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, Mpweya umene wakuta, zikutha m'mayiko chuma sanali zongowonjezwdwa , ndi zina zotero. zinthu zonsezi kungasokoneze moyo ndi thanzi la munthu, ndipo mbadwa zake. Pofuna kuteteza otsala chuma wachibadwa, komanso chisanadze empt zikamera wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda oopsa yoopsa kugwirizana ndi zimene zikuchitika masiku ano, mayiko amakonda kugwiritsa ziletso pa ntchito zinthu zoipa kwa thupi. Imodzi mwa mfundozi ndi kusankha RoHS. Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa ntchito ntchito - anafotokoza m'nkhani ino.

Kuletsa zinthu Wowopsa

Mu July 2006, pa msonkhano wotsatira wa European Union Member States malangizo wakhala anasaina, chimene amalowerera zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zina mu chitukuko cha zida zamagetsi kapena magetsi. chisankho Ichi chikudziwika ngati RoHS. Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti kumvetsa? Kuletsa zinthu Wowopsa - ichi ndi dzina lake lonse langizo la. mawuwa likumasuliridwa kuti "kuletsa zinthu mopitirira muyeso." Tikumbukenso kuti malangizo si woyamba wa mtundu wake. Izo basi watsirizika nambala likukulirakulira zolembedwa malamulo ndi umisiri watsopano zovomerezeka chilengedwe. Chigamulo koyamba, amene amadalira pa nkhondo ya chiyero cha dziko, wakhala Union a European WEEE malangizo. Sia chidule waima onse Zinyalala ku Magetsi ndi Intaneti Zida, kutanthauza "Zinyalala Magetsi ndi Intaneti Zida." Posakhalitsa anawonjezera RoHS chikalata. Kuti asankhe zimene zatchuka ndi kupeza thandizo, osati Europe komanso akutali malire ake, pikhalipyakunensa pyakwanga kupikhulupira. Komabe, pa nthawiyo, chifukwa miyeso anatengedwa mu munda wa malamulo padziko lonse kumenyera bwino zachilengedwe ndi ntchito ya umisiri wobiriwira.

Kucotsa zinthu woopsawo: asanu ndi "ayi"

RoHS chikalata chikundikakamiza ntchito zinthu zisanu pansipa.

1. Patsogolo. Mu dongosolo mankhwala nthawi, amafotokozera izi amatchedwa PB. Kutsogolera ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri, zotsatira zowononga pa zamoyo. Ndende apamwamba nkhaniyi ndi mankhwala ndi sachita mankhwala sayenera upambana 0.1% ya chonse pamodzi.
2. Cadmium. Ake Latin lakuti - Cd. Chiwerengero zili mchitidwe siziyenera upambana 0.01 kulemera timene lonse.
3. Mercury. Ichi ndi chinthu choopsa ndipo amatanthauza zitsulo tebulo nthawi amatchedwa kuti Hg. Zolemba malire ambiri nkhaniyi sangakhale kuposa 0.1%.
4. amafuna ofanana ndi Mercury ndi hexavalent chromium (Kr + 6). Ndi chikhalidwe chake, thunthu ndi oxidizer amphamvu ndi zipangizo kwambiri poizoni.
5. Komanso, pawiri poizoni kwambiri ndi bromine (br), monga biphenyls polybrominated.
6. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Nthawi zambiri zinthuzi (5 ndi 6) ntchito njira zamakono pakompyuta zinthu ngati kosamugonjera poyatsira mofulumira. Ndende pazipita wina wa zinthu zimenezi sayenera upambana 0.1% ya chonse pamodzi.

Chilakolako kusintha dziko

Inde, kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakumwamba zolinga zina. Pamene ntchito zambiri chosaopsa ndi wangwiro mankhwala opanga kutsogolera tikukhumba pazipita:

• kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa ndi chiwonongeko wotsatira wa nembanemba kwachilengedwenso dziko lapansi;
• negate ndi poyizoni zotheka zinthu zakumwamba, ndipo nkoyenera kwa izi ndi kupewa matenda a anthu amene ntchito kapena ntchito zida zamagetsi oopsa zipangizo zamagetsi.

Mafakitale zamagetsi

Amene zokonda amakhudzidwa ndi womulera chikalata RoHS? Kuti chigamulo inatheka, ndi kunja Europe - n'zosadabwitsa. Ndipotu m'mayiko ambiri Waogula Zinthu Kunja kwa katundu ku dera la Union. Choncho, pofuna kuvomereza kuti msika European, kompyuta kapena mankhwala magetsi ayenera chokwanira anawonjezera amafuna zachilengedwe. Ngati katundu ndi otetezeka kotheratu, ndi kuvala RoHS ndi chizindikiro ovomerezeka, kutanthauza "likukwaniritsa zofunikira za RoHS lamulo."

Chirichonse chimene tikukhala

Choncho, malinga ndi chikalata anafotokoza, ndi magetsi kapena pakompyuta zida, amene timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, ayenera kutsatira ndi chitetezo zachilengedwe. Choncho, RoHS piritsi ayenera mulibe adhesions otsogolera zinthu zina zoipa. Izi imakhudzanso zosiyanasiyana za magetsi ndi zipangizo, kachitidwe kuunikira, zidole, mindandanda yamasewera basi, magetsi ndi zipangizo zamagetsi ndi zina zotero. Panopa opanga mmalo ndudu ndi fodya komanso powasamalira chikalatachi. Nthawi zambiri mawu "ndudu RoHS pakompyuta» angapezeke m'masitolo. gulu la katundu, ngakhale si vuto lililonse kwathunthu (chifukwa kukhalapo kwa chikonga), koma anati chosowa zipangizo ntchito kulenga mankhwala, woopsawo ndi zinthu wonunkha.