Mfundo superposition ndi malire ake ntchito

Mfundo superposition amakhala mu kuti akupezeka m'makachisi ambiri m'madera a sayansi. Izi ndi malo amene ntchito zina. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa malamulo wamba thupi limene sayansi ndi sayansi. Ndicho chimene Iye ali chidwi kwa asayansi amene ntchito mu zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Ngati tikulingalira superposition mfundo tinganene kuti gulu kwambiri, malinga ndi iye, Uwerenge mphamvu kunja kuchita tinthu ndi wapangidwa ndi mfundo munthu aliyense wa iwo.

Mfundo imeneyi imagwiranso kachitidwe osiyana liniya, i.e. m'magulu otere amene makhalidwe tinganene kuti ndi maikwezhoni liniya. Chitsanzo ndi vuto yosavuta kumene yoweyula liniya propagates chilengedwe iliyonse, zimene zinachitikira katundu zake anakhalabe ngakhale mchikakamizo cha zipolowe akuwuka kwa aziweyulira. katundu izi anafotokozedwa monga azisiya obwera chifukwa cha aliyense wa zigawo zikuluzikulu amgwirizano.

Minda ya ntchito

Monga tanenera kale, superposition mfundo amakhudza kwambiri ukulu. bwino kwambiri zotsatira zake Tingaone mu electrodynamics. Komabe, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti pamene kuganizira mfundo superposition, sayansi saganizira zopanda ake makamaka, ndicho chifukwa cha chiphunzitso cha electrodynamics.

Mwachitsanzo, mu electrostatics mfundo yogwira ukugwira ntchito mwa kuphunzira munda electrostatic. kuyang'anira dongosolo pa mfundo makamaka amalenga nkhawa, umene zigwirizana Uwerenge mphamvu munda wa lililonse mlandu. linanena bungwe ili ntchito mchitidwe chifukwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera mphamvu angathe mogwirizana ndi electrostatic. Pankhaniyi m'pofunika kuwerengera mphamvu angathe lililonse mlandu payekha.

Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi Maxwell aone kuti pali, lomwe ndi liniya mu vacuo. Komanso motere chakuti kuwala si adamwazika, chimafikira linearly, kotero matabwa munthu sindikufuna kucheza ndi mzake. Mu sayansi, zodabwitsazi nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mfundo superposition mu Optics.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti chakale sayansi superposition mfundo motere kuchokera linearity wa maikwezhoni za kayendedwe kachitidwe munthu liniya, choncho ndi chiyerekezo. Bukuli lili ndi mfundo mozama zazikulu, koma moyandikana zimapangitsa izo si chilengedwe ndi sizokhazikika.

Makamaka amphamvu yokoka munda limafotokoza maikwezhoni ena, si liniya Koma mfundo sangathe ntchito zimenezi. Macroscopic mu atomu wakumunda komanso kosamugonjera mfundo imeneyi, pamene izo zimatengera kukopa minda kunja.

Komabe, mfundo ya superposition wa mphamvu ndi lofunika kwambiri kwadzidzidzi sayansi. Ngati kwina izo ntchito ndi zolakwika zina, kuti pa msinkhu kwadzidzidzi ntchito bwino kwambiri. Aliyense dongosolo kwadzidzidzi-makina ukufanizidwa ndi ntchito yoweyula ndi zamoyo zina za danga liniya, ndipo ngati umamumvera ntchito yake liniya, ndiye udindo wake ndi chimafotokozera mfundo superposition, ie, Iwo wapangidwa ndi munthu superposition aliyense boma ndi ntchito yoweyula.

Chithunzi cha mwachilungamo ochiritsira. The maikwezhoni wa electrodynamics chakale ndi liniya, koma si lamulo zofunika. Ambiri mwa ziphunzitso lofunika a sayansi zochokera maikwezhoni osalunjika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti iwo mfundo superposition si anachita apa zikuphatikizapo ambiri chiphunzitso cha relativity, chromodynamics kwadzidzidzi, ndi chiphunzitso Yang-Mills.

Mu ena kachitidwe komwe mfundo linearity zimagwira ntchito kokha, n'kutheka conventionally kugwiritsidwa ntchito mfundo za superposition Mwachitsanzo, ofooka yokoka ankachita. Komanso, tikaonetsetsa mogwirizana wa maatomu ndi tinthu monga mfundo superposition si anapitiriza, izi anafotokoza zosiyanasiyana thupi katundu ndi mankhwala zipangizo.