Gloxinia: posamalira kunyumba?

Bright ndi zokongola, maluwa decorates mkati iliyonse ndipo amakonda wa amayi ambiri. Kodi gloxinia capricious? Kodi kumusamalira kuti anamvera maluwa? mokoma amafunitsitsa kumene wamaluwa onse, ngati ali kunyumba uko anati mbewu. Today tidzayesetsa kuyankha mafunso onse pawindo anu nthawi zonse chokongoletsedwa ndi mabelu zazikulu.

Kodi gloxinia

maluwa kwambiri mwakuti inu mwina anamuzindikira kufotokoza bwino. Lonse, ngati veleveti, pepala ndi yaikulu yowala inflorescence Bell - ndi makhalidwe waukulu Pet izi wobiriwira. Chinthu chapadera ndi maluwa pachimake bouquets lonse, amene amapereka chithumwa kwambiri kwa mbewu. Pafupifupi bungwe lirilonse, ngati si mu lililonse nyumba, kukula gloxinia. Posamalira izo, anthu ambiri kudziwa chifukwa cha zinachitikira ake othandiza, koma osati nthawi zonse ndi tatikulu kwambiri moti kuganizira zinthu payekha mbewu.

Dzina lachiwiri la maluwa - kuchimwa wosakanizidwa. kwawo - Brazil, nkhalango zotentha za Peru. Ndi zomera osatha ndi tuberous tsamba veleveti, mapulaniwo ndi nyuzi maluwa yochepa - grammofonchikami. Chekeni awo osiyana kwambiri, ndi pamakhala ali ophweka ndi m'mphepete awiri. Ndi izi zosiyanasiyana alimi maluwa musaleme gloxinia. Kodi kumusamalira, kawirikawiri nyanda kapena ogulitsa pa sitolo kumene anagula maluwa wanu. Koma mfundo zikhoza kukhala zosatha, ndipo patapita kanthawi inu munazindikira kuti Pet ndi maonekedwe kukongoletsa yosiyana, monga mmene amafunira.

mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera

Monga taonera, pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu, zimasiyanasiyana mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa maluwa. Koma si onse: pali zosiyana kukula gloxinia. Posamalira microminiature chomera, amene kutalika si upambana 4 cm? Mfundo imeneyi ndi zogwirizana wamaluwa novice, ndipo ife kukambirana. Kakang'ono mitundu kukula kukula masentimita 5 mpaka 12. Izi bwino kwambiri mu chisamaliro cha maluwa. Mtundu wachitatu - yaying'ono gloxinia, kuyambira masentimita 12 mpaka 25 m'litali. Pomaliza, muyezo, onse kukongola mwachizolowezi ndi masentimita oposa 25 kutalika. Onse a mitundu izi ndi zofunika zina wokhudza chisamaliro, limene ife tsopano akukhala.

The chikhalidwe choyamba kukula - kuyatsa wabwino

Gloxinia kwambiri svotolyubiva. otgadka oyamba funso mmene kusamalira gloxinia mu nyumba, ndi malo osankhidwa bwino pawindo. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kutalika masana. kuyatsa mulingo woyenera amati zidzabalalika dzuwa. Chovomerezeka zili mu mthunzi tsankho, koma mu nkhani iyi mmera kwambiri anatambasula ndi kutaya kukongoletsa. Muli ndi ufulu kusintha mwamphamvu kuwala potengera maonekedwe a ziwetozo. Ngati masamba anakonza horizontally mu zitsulo ndi, ndi wokongola, mdima wobiriwira mtundu, ndi phesi ndi yochepa wandiweyani, ndiye kusankha kuyatsa mulingo woyenera. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri mphindi zomera achinyamata, monga anatambasula, zopotoka Rosette zikuwoneka osati zabwino. Kupanda dzuwa mosavuta matenda masamba sanauke. Pankhaniyi, owonjezera ultraviolet poizoniyu ndi kungasokoneze mbewu. Masamba kutembenukira chikasu ndipo potelani, ngati kukumbatirana m'mphepete mphika. Zizindikiro izi zikusonyeza kuti maluwa ayenera pritenit.

Kutentha akadakwanitsira

Kupitiriza kukambirana mmene kusamalira gloxinia panyumba, m'pofunika onani mode kutentha. Chomera anabwera kwa ife kuchokera m'nkhalango, ndiye kutentha ndi dzuwa, izo sakonda. Kutentha akadakwanitsira, amene anakhalabe mu mthunzi wa rainforest - izo ndi madigiri 20. kusinthasintha Sikoyenera mkati madigiri 2. Pakuti chomera wamkulu ndi ulamuliro zachilengedwe kutentha, imene, mwa njira, monga kupunthamo okongola kwambiri maluwa gloxinia. Kodi kusamalira mbewu pa mfundo iyi, tiona pansipa, koma tsopano muyenera kukumbukira kuti mpweya pa kutentha 28 pamwamba chomera ikutha kukula, pali kutenthedwa a dongosolo muzu, masamba si ukufalikira, maluwa mwamsanga zokha. Kupulumutsa gloxinia, ayenera anasamukira ku malo shaded ndi ozizira. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ngati kutentha m'munsimu madigiri 18, kuletsa kukula kwa mphukira, masamba anayamba kutembenukira wachikasu, kapena kuti wakuda, masamba kuguluka, ndi mizu akhoza kuvunda.

Zonse izi ziri zowona, ngati chomera okhwima, koma ngati musankha kukula duwa kuchokera tuber wamng'ono, m'pofunika kupereka apamwamba kutentha - pafupifupi 25 madigiri. Izi adzalola Pet wobiriwira kukula mofulumira ndi kupanga mphukira zatsopano.

Kutsirira ndi chinyezi

mpweya youma sakonda mvula alendo, pafupi Redieta izo ndi bwino. Apo ayi, udzapeza mitundu ang'ono ndi yonyansa. Gloxinia (posamalira mu yozizira, kudzasanthulira payokha) amafunikira mpweya chinyezi. Ngati inu sangathe kupereka zinthu zabwino kwa iwo, masamba anayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndi potelani, ndi masamba ndi kuguluka, ngakhale kuwulula. Kukwaniritsa zina semblance a m'dera lotentha, m'pofunika zambiri kuti utsi madzi sprinkler padziko chomera kapena bwino komabe, ikani mphika mu thireyi wodzazidwa ndi timiyala kapena yonyowa kukodzedwa dongo. Mukhozanso ayike potted sphagnum Moss, umene kukhutitsa ndi madzi pa ulimi kusunga chinyezi zofunika. Koma mu nkhani iyi muzionetsetsa kuti masamba musati kuvunda asanakumane ndi Moss yonyowa.

Pakuti kupopera ndi ulimi wothirira m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kuthetsedwa. Musaiwale kuti pa masamba waubweya wa madzi sayenera kugwa, simungathe utsi masamba. Nthawi zambiri kuthirira ayenera lochepa, koma zaukhondo. masamba madzi ndi maluwa sangathe kuthamangitsa, ngati kuthira mu malo tuber - ichi chikhonza zoipa bwanji mizu ofooka. M'pofunika kwa madzi angathe ndi spout woonda molondola kugawa chinyontho mu pamwamba wopatsa moyo wa mphika. Muyeso ulimi wothirira zingachititse kuwonongeka kwa mizu, umatheka ndi tsinde.

Kusankha nthaka ndi mphika

Tandiuzani ndi zofunikira amasamalidwa kuti ayenera n'komwe. Tsopano tiyeni tione dongosolo lonse kukula gloxinia, kuyambira ankafika wa tubers wamng'ono. Muli lingaliro lililonse posamalira gloxinia mu mphika, mpaka kusankha nthaka bwino. Lamulo lalikulu - kuti dziko lapansi lotayirira ndi breathable. Munthu angathe kugwiritsa ntchito kugula zatsirizidwa kale pepala kapena osakaniza a nthaka, mchenga ndi peat dziko. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zina kwanu, bola ngati dothi sichikwiya katundu, madzi bwino permeable. Iwo ali osavomerezeka ntchito peat koyera. dziko akadakwanitsira pH sayenera upambana 6.5, mu dothi acidic kukula gloxinia zoipa. Musanayambe kudzala maluwa, muyenera decontaminate nthaka, zimenezi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala wapadera kapena ochiritsira permanganate potaziyamu.

Kusankha mphika, kupereka mmalo ndi ziwiya lonse ndi osaya. Choncho nkhani imene anapangidwa, kungakhale dongo aliyense, pulasitiki. The awiri a mphika sayenera waukulu kwambiri; pakuti tubers wamng'ono chidebe zokwanira ndi awiri a 7-10 cm, ndi zomera wamkulu - 11-15 masentimita miyeso amenewa amalimbikitsa kukula ndi chitukuko cha mbewu, pamene ikuluikulu mphika gloxinia angaiwale za pachimake pa ..

kubzala tuber

Kodi muli achinyamata gloxinia. Kodi bwino kumusamalira kuti anamvera ndipo molemera akuda? Tiyeni chintchito funso mfundo ndi mfundo. Mu February ndi March, ndi tubers zasungidwa mu m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, ayamba kumera. Ngati iwo anali mu mphika ndi nthaka akale, iwo ayenera kutenga ndi omveka bwino a chaka chatha a mizu ndi dothi. Onetsetsani kuti zilowerere tuber mu njira ofooka permanganate potaziyamu (zimatengera pasanathe ola). Ngati mukufuna mofulumira kukula duwa, ndiye zilowerere mu ogalamutsa zina kukula.

Komanso, tuber zomera mu mphika wokutidwa ndi dothi. Izi ndi yovuta kwambiri, monga kugwirizana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu. Nthawi zambiri, ndi tuber pa nthawi ino waphedwa ndi lawola, ndiyo imfa yake zokhudzana ndi chinyezi mopitirira muyezo wa nthaka. Mfundo yakuti koyamba kunayamba kukhala mbali dziko, kenako okha anapanga latsopano mizu. Choncho, madzi ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, mosamalitsa m'mphepete mphika, mpaka chinyezi kuwala nthaka.

Posamalira ndiponso kudyetsa

Gloxinia woyamba masabata sikisi eyiti mutabzala sayenera kudya. Panthawi imeneyi, ndi bwino kuika mphika mu thumba ndi kuika pa dzuwa lowala ndi ofunda (25 ° ^C), koma palibe mwachindunji. Zofunika! Bzalani ayenera kuiulutsa tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 15. Pambuyo kuoneka masamba woyamba potsekulira paketi ya makondomu komanso kuchotsedwa masiku 3-4. Pamene kukula kwa tsinde pang'onopang'ono kudzaza pansi. Bola ngati mbewu mu phukusi, si koyenera kuti madzi: nthaka amakhalabe lonyowa ndi lotayirira, mizu mwamsanga kukula ndi zomvetsa pafupifupi konse zimachitika.

Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri kwa nthawi yoyamba adzakhale okonzeka kudyetsa gloxinia wanu. Momwe kuliyang'anira m'nthawi maluwa, tikambirana patsogolo pang'ono, koma kufunika koyamba kuti fetereza. Mukhoza kusankha mankhwala aliwonse maluwa yokongola. Izi zikhoza kukhala "Etisso" chifukwa muzu feteleza. Onetsetsani kuti njira sindinafike masamba ndi mfundo kukula. feteleza choyamba ayenera kukhala mchere (n'zotheka, kupatula amene tatchula kale, kuti "Uniflor Mphukira" kapena "Humate"), ndi kubwereza ndondomeko masabata awiri, koma ndi feteleza organic, ndiye ndi munda ochiritsira ndi njira ya mullein.

Pamaso pa Kubwera kwa masamba woyamba alternated ndi organic feteleza asafe. Iwo chifukwa yogwira kukula vegetative, koma pafupifupi munthu maluwa anapanga pamene owonjezera. Mkubwela kwa masamba loyamba zowonjezera asafe m'malo mwa phosphorous - iwo patsogolo maluwa. Kutalika kwa maluwa ayenera kupanga feteleza potashi ndi micronutrients. An kusankha kwambiri adzakhala mankhwala "Kemira Maapatimenti". Samalani pakati subcortical unachitikira masabata osachepera awiri.

Posamalira gloxinia pa maluwa

Ngati wachitsatira onse a ayamikira ndi anaukitsa zomera bwino, pambuyo mapangidwe awiri wachinayi wa masamba tsamba anayamba kuikidwa. chiwerengero chawo mosiyana kwambiri - izo zimatengera kulemera kwa tuber, komanso ngati zinthu, chinyezi kutentha ndi zikuchokera nthaka. Wa maluwa chisamaliro zomera zikuphatikizapo kuthirira zonse, kukhalabe mulingo woyenera chinyezi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zonse fetereza zofunika. Maluwa mphika ayenera kutetezedwa dzuwa, koma ayenera kokwanira kuyatsa. Ngati duwa ataima mu mithunzi, ziyenera anatembenuka nthawi zonse kwa kuwala gwero. Ena hybrids akhoza pachimake kawiri, makamaka ngati maluwa anali oyambirira. Yotithandiza zikamera wa masamba atsopano, mmera kudula pa muzu, ndi kudyetsedwa. Posakhalitsa anayamba kukula mphukira zatsopano.

Nthawi zina

Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa novice ndi mmene kusamalira gloxinia pambuyo maluwa. Si monga zovuta monga zingaoneke koyamba. Mu September ndi October, kuthirira pang'onopang'ono mpaka kusanduka, ndipo pambuyo masamba kuyamba ziume, amasiya kuvuta. Pamene gawo aboveground afa kutali kwathunthu, ndi tuber wamwalira ndi kugwa tulo tatikulu kuti adzakhala 3-4 miyezi. Tsopano ntchito yanu ndi kuonetsetsa zinthu mulingo woyenera zimene angathe overwinter gloxinia. Posamalira yozizira, zomera? Inu mukhoza kuika mphika wa tubers mu malo ozizira, kutentha ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 10 madigiri. Pa nthawi yonse imene zina n'kofunika moisten nthaka ndi mizu musati adzauma. Pali njira ina: mizu anakumba ndipo anaika mu mchenga lonyowa, kusungidwa pa malo ozizira. Njira yabwino chifukwa sizingatheke kuti aletse chikhalidwe cha tubers ndi. Sand mwina pang'ono chabe yonyowa pokonza, ndipo mukhoza kusunga pansi pa firiji.

kubalana gloxinia

Pali njira zambiri kuti mtengo watsopano. Mophweka kwambiri - kugawikana kwa tuber lapansi. Pa nthawi ya kubzala masika, inu chingalekanitse achinyamata Khanda ndi kuika mu mphika osiyana. Yachiwiri - ndi kufesa mbewu. Mbewu iyenera kusonkhanitsidwa pambuyo maluwa, pamene thunthu ndi bokosi ndi mbewu. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kubweretsa pepala lanu ndi kugwedeza pa bokosi, kugwedeza kuchokera ang'ono mbewu fumbi ngati. Bzalani iwo mu February ndi March. Pa masiku 12-14 mbewu kuyamba kumera. Care ndi kukhala ndi kutentha akadakwanitsira ndi chinyezi. About patatha mwezi umodzi anapanga Sankhapo woyambayo ndi mwezi mphukira pansi mu makapu payekha. Pambuyo pa 5 miyezi, iwo adzaphuka. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo nthawi matalala si anakhalabe, zomera chidzakula kudzera yozizira.

The njira yosavuta ya kafalitsidwe - ndi vegetative, ndiye ntchito cuttings tsamba. Pa maluwa ndi gawo zitsulo m'munsi ndi kudula masamba umodzi kapena kuposerapo. bwino, ngati phesi ndi yochepa wandiweyani. Kuyenera kumizidwa m'madzi ndipo tiyeni tiyime choncho mpaka mizu. Pambuyo kudula izi anabzala mu nthaka, ndi mphika ali ndi phukusi kumaliza rooting. Pamafunika za milungu itatu, kenako udzakhala ndi latsopano maluwa gloxinia. Posamalira (chithunzi zikusonyeza mmene kukongola adzaphuka Pet wobiriwira) kwa iye mu nthawi zomera ndi enawo Takambirana kale.

matenda gloxinia

Nthawi zambiri amadwala alendo otentha chifukwa kuthirira kwambiri. The tubers kuyamba kuvunda, ndi chomera msanga amakhala achikasu. Pa siteji koyamba matenda tuber angapulumuke ntchito kumuika. Pa gawo lotsiriza la tuber kuvunda anadabwa kwathunthu, ndipo akhoza kukamutaya. matenda wamba ndi mochedwa choipitsa. Izo sizingakhoze ankachitira, kotero mmera anawonongedwa pamodzi ndi dziko.