Information dongosolo: mitundu ndi zitsanzo. Kodi izo - dongosolo zambiri?

Kufalitsa mauthenga, zosonkhanitsira ake anapitiriza ndi yobwezeretsanso masiku ano anthu ambiri chifukwa chuma chapadera: anthu, chuma, luso ndi zina. Panthawi ina, deta awa pamodzi pamalo amodzi, iwo kusasintha malinga ndi muyezo predefined, pamodzi mu zosavuta ntchito m'munsi wapadera. dongosolo mfundo ndi chida mwa chimene processing deta analandira. Ntchito yaikulu ya IP ndi kupereka mfundo zogwirizana wa anthu. M'mawu ena, ndimasangalala kufunika mu chinthu deta mkati m'dera anakonzeratu. Mankhwala zinthu zimene likulowa dongosolo mfundo deta ndi kusasintha chimango, zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya zikalata. Kenako m'nkhani tione woika, ntchito ndi katundu wa nyumba izi.

Gawo

kachitidwe Information, malingana ndi mtundu wa processing analandira deta anawagawa m'magulu awiri. Choyamba ndi dongosolo, amene ntchito ikuchitika pa ziwembu zovuta. kachitidwe amatha pokonza mfundo paokha. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu makina. The chachiwiri gulu Directory kachitidwe. Iwo alibe chipangizo mudziwe processing madera. dongosolo Information - dongosolo yomwe imapereka deta pa chopempha chapadera. Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti katengedwe mofulumira ndi yobereka zambiri mu mtundu yabwino.

dongosolo Information. mbali

Zolinga zikuluzikulu za nyumba imeneyi ndi chopereka, processing kwa yosungirako ndi popereka mauthenga kwa owerenga pa pempho. Mtundu ndi ochititsa ntchito zimene zimakhudza anapeza mu Buku yosungirako deta. The ndondomeko ya opereka mfundo anapempha zochokera kufufuza associative mu zinasokoneza makompyuta (yosungirako), kenako processing iwo mu mtundu wosuta-wochezeka. dongosolo Information ya cigawo Archive amalola kudziunjikira ndi sitolo deta kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndi zotheka kusinthanitsa mfundo ndi magwero kunja olembetsa. Munthu angathe tchulani zotsatirazi Zitsanzo: machitidwe Information: satifiketi m'tauni, kutumiza mabungwe utumiki, m'madipatimenti kafukufuku yosungiramo deta ndi ena.

Mu dongosolo pansi kulingalira zikuphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana. The Gawo zimaphatikizapo dongosolo nkhani:

1. Nawo yosungirako.
2. zipangizo apadera kuti atembenuke zambiri mu mtundu ndi mosavuta olembetsa.
3. njira zolankhulirana.
4. Chinthu chapadera (a "ubongo" a dongosolo, CPU) kuti njira mtsinje deta (a gulu la anthu kapena makina kompyuta).

Mitundu machitidwe Directory

Pali mitundu iwiri ya nyumba: zoona komanso zopelekedwa. Mbali yoyamba, kachitidwe ka mfundo lapakati ndi ziwembu kuti zochokera kupereka akonzedwa wamba mfundo: dzina la ndondomeko, dzina la zinthu, ubwino wa ena. A mtundu zopelekedwa a dongosolo ndi popereka mauthenga ndi kusungidwa mu izo mu mawonekedwe a zikalata: malamulo, malangizo, zikalata, ndi zina zotero. Nyumba yoona mtundu amasiyana mzake deta processing kwambiri. Mitundu zosavuta machitidwe oterewa ndi amene zochokera pa mfundo za kusaka anakhumba mfundo zapamwamba ake. More madera zovuta ntchito ndi processing zamalankhulidwe deta iwo ali nazo. Choncho, iwo amatha Mwachitsanzo, kusankha yekha zofunika (Chenicheni ndime) a lemba okwana chikalatacho. Yaikulu othandiza ntchito dongosolo wabweza mfundo zochokera osakaniza mitundu iwiri: chikalata yoona.

Aissa: kufotokoza

Mlingo wa zokha njira ya processing mfundo amakhudza kwambiri pa ntchito ya thandizo lililonse. Mu nkhani imeneyi, posachedwapa ambiri anayamba ndi zomwe zagwiridwa mapulogalamu makina kufufuza, deta ndi structuring. Iwo zochokera makompyuta amphamvu zamagetsi. Kudzera kutukula ntchito makompyuta wakhala ntchito kwambiri ndi ndondomeko ya kasinthidwe ndi kusunga. Zinthu zazikulu za kwambiri Aissa ndi:

1. Mbali luso. Zimenezi eni kompyuta, wokhala dongosolo ubongo, akonzedwa zida wothandiza kupereka mauthenga zipangizo athandizira-linanena bungwe, kulola wosuta ntchito ndi Nawonso achichepere, zamagetsi yosungirako deta zipangizo (mbale, matepi maginito, etc.).
2. Yosungirako deta ndi mapulogalamu. The makina olembetsa dongosolo mfundo ndi ogwirizana kudzera mwa zipangizo muyezo (teleprinters). Nawonso, chikugwirizana mwachindunji kompyuta kudzera telefoni kapena wanthambo ngalande. Makamaka wotchuka ndi olembetsa analandira kuwatonthoza ndi zowonetsera anamanga-mu. The polojekiti amasonyeza mfundo dongosolo Help. Amagwiritsidwanso okonzeka ndi mtima wapadera kiyibodi, imene kulamulira ndi deta kulowa chofunika.

kapangidwe Aissa

Yodzichitira dongosolo mfundo zochokera osakaniza repositories angapo. Iwo ali deta zonse zofunikira kugwira ntchito kwa nyumba imeneyi. mfundo lili ndi njira zina, kutenga nkhani zofunikira kwa mawonekedwe, mtundu ndi nthawi ya ntchito pambuyo pempho malangizo. Mlingo wa zambiri zili dongosolo kusintha khalidwe lawo ndi dongosolo mwachindunji zimadalira maonekedwe komanso kuchuluka yosungirako.

Masamu mapulogalamu Aissa

Pali wapadera ya mapulogalamu kuchita ma aligorivimu enieni akatembenuka deta ndi kusamalira njira zonse zikuchitika mu dongosolo. Mtundu wa pulogalamu wopangidwa ndi ochepa chabe "zilankhulo ofunda":

• kunja dziko kudzera mwa amene wolembetsa amapanga pempho dongosolo;
• nkhani;
• ndi zofunika kuchita;
• mapulogalamu.

zokolola

The zokolola za dongosolo lililonse Buku zimakhudza:

• Bungwe structural wa njira yochokera processing yotsatana;
• mulingo woyenera Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa zinthu zake ndi modes wa ntchito;
• zikumveka womvetsa malamulo wosuta.

Komanso, kuchuluka pafupifupi zokolola Aissa zimatheka chiyambi cha pulogalamu atsopano. Izo, nayenso amakhudza njira mawerengedwe ndi amalola ntchito mode multitasking.

NKHANI Aissa

Ntchito ya makono zambiri zokhudza machitidwe zochokera tanthauzo la zinthu zofunika pa ogwiritsa utumiki, kusankha ntchito zofunika kwambiri. Choncho pali latsopano mayikidwe ndondomeko zopempha ndi outputting mode zambiri pa ena intervals nthawi dongosolo. Nthawi ya sanali muyezo zikhazikiko za kafufuzidwe zambiri, kachitidwe komweko akhoza, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina, kupeza deta zofunika. Kapangidwe masiku ano popanda imfa ya nthawi ndi khalidwe la mudziwe kutumikira ogwiritsa angapo nthawi imodzi yomweyo (chiwerengero chenicheni anatsimikiza ndi luso thandizo). tanthauzo lake Aissa amapezeka m'magulu monga makampani komanso ulimi, mothandizidwa ndi njira makina zikuchitika mu makampani ndi mabungwe lathu sayansi. wotchuka kwambiri ndi malamulo zambiri ndi dongosolo kungapezeke kuti amalola olembetsa kuti Nawonso achichepere yaikulu kupeza zofunika pa anapempha kuchita normative.