Ivan Pyryev: yonena, moyo, filmography, zithunzi

Ivan Pyryev - wotchuka Soviet wotsogolera film, amene anapatsa anthu ambiri mafilimu maganizo. Iwo amayang'ana tsopano. Penyani ndi osiririka. talente yake nthawi zosatha.

Anthu ambiri amakumbukira ndipo mukudziwa amene anali Ivan Pyrev. Wambiri moyo wa chithunzi wamkulu uyu wa mafilimu a kanema Soviet akadali mutu wa otsutsa zokambirana, olemba mbiri ndi mafani wa mafilimu Soviet.

ubwana

Anabadwa 11.04.1901 chaka. Malo obadwira: m'mudzi wa Kamen-na-Obi (Altai Gawo). Mofanana ndi alimi onse a nthawi imeneyo, makolo ake anakhala masiku lonse m'minda. Komanso, kuyesera kupereka banja ndi ndalama zina, mayi ndi bambo a Vanya pang'ono amene kutsegula mkate pa Bwato yaikulu. Mu 1904, atate ake sanali - anaphedwa mu nkhondo. Kenako, mayi anayamba kugwira ntchito, ndi Ivan anachoka m'manja mwa bambo ake Osip Komogorov. Ndipo anakhala mu lalikulu banja losangalala wa Old Okhulupirira agogo kwa zaka 10. Pamene Vanya anamaliza kalasi yachitatu, mayi ake anabwera kwa iye. Iye anamutengera Mariinsky, kumene azigona ndi Tartar Ishmukhametov Amirov. Iye anali kuchita malonda zipatso mu msika, iye anali munthu wa ndewu ndi yochepa mtima, ndipo pamene kumwa, analumphira mu nkhondoyo. Mayi ndi mwana antics Amirov pakadali pano. Koma pamene kukhwima Vanya sakanakhoza kukana. Pa lotsatira woledzera brawl bambo iye ndinatenga nkhwangwa nathamangira Amirov. Ndipo kunapezeka kukhala wamantha ndi scoundrel: iye ignominiously anathawa ndi anabisala kupolisiko ndi. Pambuyo kuti Ivan sakanachitira mwina, iye anapita "kwa anthu."

achinyamata

Mu 1915, Ivan Pyryev pamodzi ndi mmodzi wa sitima ndi ankhondo anapita kutsogolo. Anamenya mu 32 TH Siberia alumali, kawiri ndiwobvulazidwa. Pakuti Inagwira usilikali analandira mphoto ya George Cross 3 ndi 4 madigiri.

Mu May 1918, iye anadwala ndi Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi. Koma achinyamata amphamvu thupi mwamsanga kuthana ndi matenda. Ndipo nthawi yomweyo pambuyo kuchira analowa Red Army ndi Bolshevik Party. chilakolako chake bwino zinamuthandiza wa chilema Red Army anayamba kugwiritsa mtsogoleri woyamba andale ndiyeno kuti agitator lapansi. Zinali ndiye Pyrev anayamba kuphunzira pa sewero sukulu Gubprofsoveta. Pamenepo panabuka msonkhano wake fateful ndi Grigoriem Aleksandrovym, amene kwakukulukulu bwanji tsoka akatswiri Pyreva.

Ivan nawo mbali mu gulu la Ural Proletkult. Mu mzinda wa Yekaterinburg anatenga gawo dzina la Altai, anali mwachidule membala wa akatswiri sewero gululo. M'chaka cha 1921 mu Yekaterinburg anabwera Chachitatu Moscow Art Theatre. Grigory Alexandrov ndi Ivan Pyryev Anasangalala kwambiri ndi kudabwa ndi ntchito yawo, kuti posachedwa zopita ku Moscow.

Moscow Kugonjetsedwa

Mu likulu la ntchito woyamba ngati wosewera mu sewerolo anakhala mbali Sergeya Eyzenshteyna "The Mexico." Ndipo mu filimu choyamba anaonekera monga chisudzo kakafupi filimu "Glumova Diary." Ndiye Pyrev ntchito pa Vsevolod Meyerhold. Ambiri anakumbukira tsitsi lake wobiriwira pamene iye ankasewera udindo wa Bulanov mu "Forest". M'njiramo wotsogolera tsogolo Ivan Pyryev potsogolera zibonga angapo a zofufuzafufuza imene iye anaika mukubwadamuka ndi oratorios pa nkhani zokhudza zogwirizana panopa nthawi.

Mu 1923 bwinobwino maphunziro wophunzira GEKTEMAS akuchita dipatimenti. Ndipo wotsogolera, ankaphunzira kwa nthawi yaitali. Kenako analowa dziko la amaziona m'mafilimu amene anali wofunitsitsa. Pyrev poyamba ankagwira ntchito wotsogolera wothandizira. Luso ndi luso zinaonekeratu pasanapite nthawi nayamba kulankhula za iye monga "Mfumu ya othandizira." Pa akungoonerera wa pavilions ndi monong'ona kuti, Ndikukhala Pyreva othandizira, ngakhale mkulu anafooka bwino.

Mafilimu loyamba

Ndithudi, iye ankafuna kuonetsetsa kuti mphukira paokha. Ndiyamika mwamwayi wokondwa kwa mnyamata, mafilimu a kanema Soviet adadziwa amene Ivan Pyrev. Filmography iye anayamba ndi satirical sewero lanthabwala "mkazi wachilendo". The script filimu imeneyi, lolembedwa ndi N. Erdman ndi A. Mariengof, linaikidwa kwa chilimwe chikhalidwe. A yotentha 1928 anali mvula, kuwombera zonse kulephereka. Ivan Aleksandrovich yochepa masabata atatu rewrote zilembo ndi anajambula kanema. Choncho yotchinga adzasonyeza chithunzi chake choyamba.

Ulendo woyamba anali "osati kumugenda." Koma iye anatsatira pambuyo mndandanda wa zolephera. Chachiwiri satirical sewero lanthabwala "Akuluakulu ena", anajambula mu 1931, chinaperekedwa kwa kutsutsa nkhanza. Motero, kunali koyenera kusintha, chifukwa mwanjira amaona lingaliro filimuyo, ndi bwino wakhala molambalala mbali kupenta.

mu doghouse ndi

Ndipo mu filimu lotsatira "Mudzi wa otsiriza" akhudzidwa ndi zinthu zandale ndiponso nthawi, makamaka zikamera wa gulu ndi kulimbana kulaks lapansi. Pa msonkhano anaganiza kuti "zinthu za chithunzi zosemphana ndi zofuna za boma" ndipo Ivan Pyryev (onani chithunzi. Mmunsimu) inachotsedwa chiphunzitso cha.

Mu 1933, IA Pyrev finalizing sewero za umoyo wa atsikana atatu German, amatchedwa "conveyor imfa." Zisudzo anali mtsikana Ammayi Ada Voytsik, Tamara Makarova ndi Veronica Polonsky amene analimbana bwino chilengedwe cha zithunzi za ogwira ntchito achinyamata. Iwo anali mu njira ya ntchito pa filimu imeneyi, pakati Ada ndi Ivan Wojcik Pyreva mgwirizano pafupi. Patapita nthawi, atakwatiwa ndi mwana wamwamuna, Eric.

atapeza

Pambuyo yopuma ndi kutalika kwa zaka zingapo wotsogolera ananyamula kusewera pa TV wolemba Catherine Vinogradskaya ntchito, yomwe inali ndi mutu machitidwe a "Anka". Motsogozedwa IA Pyreva zisudzo (mutu udindo anaimba Ada Voytsik) mwangwiro amapereka sewero woona za mbiri. utsogoleri dziko anayamikira chithunzi. Mutu yomaliza ya filimu "The Party tikiti."

Komabe, kupambana kwakukulu filimuyo kum'patsa sanatero. Ndipo sikunali kokwanira kulimbikitsa udindo wa Ivan Alexandrovich pa "Mosfilm". Creative mavuto, si kwathunthu bwino olowa ntchito zinachititsa kuti chisokonezo mu ubale ndi mkazi wake. Pyrev, ndipo ngakhale anakangana ndi kasamalidwe, anapita ku Kiev, pamene anayamba ntchito pa anatengera kwa script screenwriter Eugene Pomeschikova. Zimene omvera akumaona sewero lanthabwala nyimbo "Olemera Mkwatibwi" (1939) anasangalala. Kayendedwe mofulumira, kukongola, changu ndi gaiety wabwino chinamulowerera zonse Zomwe zinachitika pa chithunzi, ndipo nyimbo Isaaka Dunaevskogo olembedwa makamaka kanema, anapanga nkhani kwambiri chimene moyo, zosangalatsa ndiponso zoti tingakwanitse. Udindo waukulu mu filimu anachita Marina Ladynina, amene anadzakhala mkazi wachiwiri Ivana Pyreva.

Marina Ladynina mkazi ndi imasonkhezera

Kenako sewero lanthabwala "thalakitala" pa nkhani pang'ono mobwerezabwereza m'mbuyomu. Komabe, apa khalidwe waukulu, umene kachiwiri kuonekera pa nsalu yotchinga M. Ladynina anali amphamvu wofuna ndiponso amphamvu. Apanso, mmene mpingo ukuyendera, ndiponso Pyreva Ladynin mwa kanjedza wotchuka kwambiri chikhalidwe cha nthawi.

Tikumbukenso kuti kugwa m'chikondi ndi Marina Ladynin, Ivan Aleksandrovich anasiya mkazi wake woyamba Ada Wojcik, koma chikondi cha mwana wake Eric sanamulole kupita kwathunthu. Kenako anabwerera kangapo kwa mkazi woyamba. Koma chikondi chatsopano komabe adalakika. Ladynina anali Pyreva kwa imasonkhezera izi. Iye nyenyezi mu inayi ya matepi ake, ndipo ambiri mwa anali ndi kupambana yaikulu ndi omvera. Ada Voytsik anavutika kwambiri. Izo zinanenedwa kuti iye anafuna ngakhale kudzipha. Koma ndiye nthawi kuchepetsa ululu ndi chisoni. Iye anasiya.

Ivan Pyryev anayamba mtundu wa poetics conflict- m'nyimbo Comedy, amene anaimba matamando a ntchito ndi moyo kwa ubwino wa Mama. Izi iye bwinobwino zili ndi "heiress" ndi "thalakitala Madalaivala". kutanthauzira ili la sewero lanthabwala wakhala ngati muyezo Soviet sewero lanthabwala m'ma XX atumwi.

zaka nkhondo

Kuwombera mmodzi wa comedies yabwino filimu Soviet "Nkhumba ndi m'busa" unayambitsidwa mu February 1941, ndipo mu June, nkhondo inayamba. Anthu ambiri a anthu ogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo ndekha, Ivan Alexandrovich, atsatira kutsogolo. Komabe, utsogoleri dziko analamula kutsiriza ntchito pa filimu. Ndi Ladynina mu udindo mutu chithunzi wopambana kwambiri, anakhala mmodzi wa zizindikiro za mphamvu ya Mzimu ndi chikhulupiriro mu bwino mu zovuta kwa anthu Russian nkhondo.

filimu ina, amene ankagwira ntchito ikuchitika panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri - ndi "Mlembi wa Communist" (1942). Limafotokoza ntchito olimbanawo. The mbali yaikulu, mkulu wa zigawenga Kochetov (ankaimba ndi wosewera Vanina), opandamantha zochita zawo amunamuna ouziridwa ambiri kuti agwirizane ndi "anthu obwezera asilikali."

nkhondo opunduka miyoyo ya anthu mamiliyoni nzika Soviet. Kuukitsa makhalidwe a anthu, IA Pyrev amachotsa filimu "Pa sikisi koloko madzulo pambuyo pa nkhondo." Mwamwayi, wotsogolera kulenga za njira akuneneratu chigonjetso anali ulosi.

Ndiye, mu filimu sitinachite ntchito mawu akuti "nyimbo". Koma zili mtundu wanyimbo izi anawomberedwa ndi "Pa sikisi koloko madzulo pambuyo pa nkhondo" ndi ntchito yotsatira Pyreva "Ballad la Siberia" (1948). M'nkhani ino ndiponso filimu ina yochita mbali kumene adamulowetsa mkazi wachiwiri wa Ivan Alexandrovich Marina Ladynina. Posakhalitsa iwo onse kupereka mutu wa ojambula zithunzi Anthu a USSR.

chikondi Last

Pambuyo filimu ina "Kuban Cossacks", umene wakhala mwambo. Izi sewero lanthabwala chikondi, imene M. Ladynina ankaimba wina wa ntchito zake zabwino, ndipo tsopano amasangalala kutchuka kwambiri pakati okonda kanema.

Icho chinali chimodzi cha ntchito mogwirizana lomaliza. Ivan Pyryev, moyo, ndi zomwe mpaka nthawi imeneyo anali nkhani ya zokambirana mu masamba onse kachiwiri chidwi aliyense ndi mwachikondi.

Kuyambira ntchito pa filimu "mayeso a kukhulupira" kapena Pyrev kapena Ladynina sanathe kuganiza kuti chithunzi adzakhala kuwamvera uneneri. Marina A. ankaimba mkazi amene mwamuna akupitiriza. Iwo anali pa nthawi ino, Ivan Aleksandrovich wakumana ndi achinyamata Ammayi Lyudmila Marchenko.

Iye, monga munthu wachikulire, kugwa m'chikondi ndi kukongola wamng'ono, kugona ake ndi mphatso ndi udindo watsopano. Komabe, Lyudmila, iye anali wamkulu mokwanira kuti makolo kapena grandfathers sanayankhe zonena Pyreva kapena "inde" kapena "ayi" poopa mkwiyo wa mkulu wa mkulu categorical kukana. Kenako anabwerera ku banja, ndiye wasiya kachiwiri. Zinatha kwa zaka zingapo mpaka Marina Alekseevna Ladynina osati akadandaule kusudzulana. Chisoni Pyreva, zomwe pakadali kuti ine ndinazindikira kuti Marchenko sinditi yolumikizana ndi moyo wake, anali aukali kwambiri. Anamuopseza kuti Ladynina wotaya ntchito: adzachite, kuti palibe wotsogolera sanawaitane ake. Komabe, akusangalala ndi khalidwe yolimba, koma linatha. Ndipo Ivan Pyrev, mbiri, moyo umene anayamba m'nkhani udachitikira chipani, anakwaniritsa kuopseza wake, I O Ladyninoy pafupifupi aiwala. Iye ankatchedwa pa pamphasa, iye anaimika chisautso cha Ammayi Lyudmila Marchenko, koma iye anati icho chinali chikondi ake otsiriza ndipo popanda Lyunechki (monga anaitana Lyudmila), izo sizingagwire ntchito. Zinali ndiye, Marchenko wokwatiwa kuposa chifukwa amavutitsa mkwiyo Pyreva. Ndi izo, iye amachita chimodzimodzi monga ndi Ladynina, ndi kuti amaletsa otsogolera anam'pempha kuti awonekere ndi kulenga zopinga ntchito ed.

Ivan Pyryev ndi Lionella Pyreva: moyo ndi ntchito zaka 50 -60h

Pambuyo retiring ku ntchito yake mutu, iye bwinobwino amachotsa anatengera Dostoevsky a "The chitsiru" buku. Komabe, analephera zotsatirazi ntchito yake pa buku la chimodzimodzi Dostoevsky a "White Mausiku".

Pa nyengo yolenga chatha anali makamaka kuchita zinthu chikhalidwe. Pyrev anasankhidwa ndi kazembe Supreme Soviet la USSR, ndi tira monga kazembe wapampando wa Wamkulu Tirhana Council kwa Utumiki wa Cinematography wa USSR. Nayenso mkulu luso la "Mosfilm" ndipo ngakhale mkulu wake.

Kenako anakwatira Ammayi, amene anakhala mkazi wake wotsiriza. Iwo Lionella Skirda. Ivan Pyryev ndi akazi akhala mutu wapadera nkhani matauni bohemians. Lionella anali wamng'ono kuposa mwamuna wake kwa zaka 37. Komanso, monga momwe kwanenedwera pafupi Pyreva anthu, sanasiye wachikondi anamukana Lyudmila Marchenko. Mkuluyu anali mu mkhalidwe maganizo, ndipo izi anatenga achinyamata Lionella.

Patsiku lomaliza la moyo

Pamene Union of Cinematographers, bungwe Pyreva, litavomereza, iye asaluza mpando kulondolera munthu wina, ndipo anayamba kumasulira maloto akale: ". Abale Karamazov" filimu anatengera Mndandanda woyamba anawomberedwa. Total anakonza zigawo zitatu. Iye ali, monga mwa nthawi zonse, ntchito ndi kudzipereka zonse. February 7, 1968, anabwerera kwawo, monga mwa nthawi zonse, mochedwa ndipo watopa. Ine ndinapita kukagona ndipo konse ndinadzuka.

Inde, iye anali munthu wodziwika maganizo. Koma zopereka zake pa mbiri ya mafilimu a kanema Soviet ndi chosaneneka. Iye analenga zojambula, umene umachokera chimwemwe ndi mwachikondi. Indomitable, indomitable, wofunitsitsa, uyu anali Ivan Pyrev, amene yonena zikutsimikizira ubale wake ndi dziko, kukonda. Iye ankafuna kuti abuluse pyonsene pya moyo ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku monga otsiriza.