Ivana Velikogo Bell Nsanja ya Moscow Kremlin

Pa Cathedral Square a boma la Russia belu nsanja ya St. Ioanna Lestvichnika, yemwenso amadziwika kuti Ivan Wamkulu Bell. Boma la Russia ndi nyumba zake zonse kujowinamo amodzi umodzi mu mtima mwa likulu. Mu 2008, chipilala ili a zomangamanga anatembenuka ndi zaka 500.

Mpingo wa St. Ioanna Lestvichnika

Ivana Velikogo Bell Nsanja ya Moscow Kremlin unalembedwa zaka zingapo mbiri, ndipo akuyamba kuwerengetsa yake 1329. chaka kuti anakhazikitsidwa Mpingo wa St. Ioanna Lestvichnika mu ulamuliro wa Ivan Kalita. kachisi unakhazikitsidwa ngati belu nsanja, kotero chipinda analoledwa kuwomba mabelu zambiri zogwirizana, anaika pa milingo chapamwamba cha mpingo. The zofukulidwa kuti kunachitika mu zaka XIX-XX, ananena kuti kapangidwe ka Nyumba amatikumbutsa akachisi a Armenia wakale. Kunja kwa mpingo iye anali mbali zisanu ndi zitatu, ndi gawo lamkati la mpingo ali ndi mawonekedwe chamtanda. Kum'mawa kwa apse ili mu arches semicircular ndi mabelu anaikidwa pa nsanja yachiwiri. kachisi analipo kale chiyambi cha m'ma XVI.

Bonovskaya belfry

Mu 1505 mu ulamuliro wa Grand Prince Vasily III, mpingo wakale anawachotsa. Pa malo omwewo linamangidwa mpingo watsopano zinalengedwa ndi ambuye ku Italy, dzina Bon Fryazin. kachisi anamangidwa pokumbukira Tsar Ivan III. Yomanga zinachitikadi pa zaka zitatu. Mu 1508, awiri-tiered belu nsanja anali wokonzeka. Miyambo ya zomangamanga, ankaikira Italy pa nthawi imeneyo, zinakhudza kwambiri Kamangidwe kachisi. N'chifukwa chake nyumbayi anali nsanja angapo belu, amene anapezedwa payokha Chrixitu. mpingo ndinalandira dzina lina - ". Bonovskaya belu nsanja" Chidwi ndime anagwirizana variegated Kremlin akachisi mu gulu loyimba limodzi. Zinali wachiwiri mwala mpingo mu Moscow. Wachifumu wa St. Ioanna Lestvichnika unayambitsidwa pansi loyamba kukonza.

Mu 1532, kumbali ya kumpoto kwa belu nsanja ya belfry anali anamanga kachisi wa Ascension wa ntchito ya mmisiri wina ku Italy - Petroc Minor. Mulungu anafuna kuti belu olimba zolemera mapaundi 1,000, amatchedwa "mlaliki". Akamaliza kumanga belfry mu 1543 wopereka m'misili. Mwachindunji kachisi inali pa phaka lachitatu, zimene zinachititsa kuti makwerero wapadera. Majestically ili pa Belfry ng'oma ndi mzikiti a.

kopanda belfry

Mu 1600, zokolola m'dziko lonselo linali ndi mavuto njala m'dzikoli. Boris Godunov, kupulumutsa anthu ake, anaganiza kuti achite kukonzanso yaikulu ya Bonovskoy belu nsanja, imene imagwira anafika ndi anthu onse malire. Iye analinganiza kuti adzatsirize gawo limodzi, ndipo kulenga Wamkulu Mpingo wa St. John cha pansi. Choncho, dongosolo lonse ndinali kuvala dzina lina - Ivan Wamkulu Bell. Mayina pansi anali cylindrical mu mawonekedwe, ndi kutalika kwa belu nsanja anali ziwonjezeke kwa mamita 82. Zinali dongosolo lalikulu la m'nthawi imeneyo. Kuti mlingo pamwamba, icho padzafunika ipyole madigiri 329. Mu mzikiti wa kachisi anali losema ndi lolembedwa mu makalata golide, zimene zikusonyeza kuti tsiku la zomangamanga ake ndi maina a mafumu amene analamulira pa nthawi (Boris Godunov ndi mwana wake). Pa malo ozungulira belu nsanja, imene anatenga dzina la Ivanovo, werengani malamulo onse a mfumu. Kuyambira pamenepo, ndi chionetsero cha "akukuwa onse Ivanovo".

Mu theka lachiwiri la XVII m'ma belu nsanja kwathunthu adzamangidwenso. Mu ulamuliro wa Mikhail Romanov ndi bambo ake Orthodox Filaret, mu 1624, kumpoto inamangidwa Filaretova yomanga Bazhen Ogurtsova. Kapangidwe anali woyera mwala piramidi hema yokutidwa ndi matailosi. Ivan Wamkulu Bell Moscow Kremlin analandira dzina latsopano - ndi Mfundo Belfry.

Belu nsanja ya Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

The Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812 amadza zingawononge chipilala cha zomangamanga. Asilikali a asilikali French kuchotsedwa mtanda gilded ku nsanja ndipo anayesa kuwomba izo. Koma zowawa yekha Filaret alumikiza ndi belu nsanja ili kumpoto. Nkhondo itatha, mbuye D. Gilardi kwathunthu kubwezeretsedwa belu nsanja chakumene zinthu, kusintha zina za kufanana ndi kalembedwe wonse wa zomangamanga. Ndipo zaka 1895-1897 Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower mu Moscow linakhalanso S. Rodionov.

mbali structural

Kutalika kwa Ivana Velikogo belu nsanja limatuluka mamita 82. Kuyambira mfundo ulemu dongosolo akhoza kuganizira kufupi makilomita 30 kuzungulira likulu. Ngakhale zomangamanga osavuta a belu nsanja, nyumbayi ndi osiyana ulemerero ndi kukongola. Anapangira zinthu zake zonse amasankhidwa m'njira kuti amalenga wolimba kwambiri mapulani gulu loyimba. Zikomo ambuye odziwa, anathandiza pa chilengedwe chake, Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower ndi chidwi mbiri chipilala mu Moscow.

The mabelu mu belfry ndi

Kumangidwa okwana ndi belu 34, ndi 3 yekha anakhalabe pa Filaretova annexe ndi belfry. Kale, belu anapachikidwa pa mtanda wa matabwa, koma mu zaka XIX-XX, iwo m'malo mwa chitsulo. mabelu zonse zinalengedwa mwa ambuye wa akuponya milandu Nthawi osiyana.

The wamkulu wa iwo - "The Nyamuliranani", masekeli matani oposa 7, anaponyedwa mu 1501. Kwambiri kwambiri ndi noticeable belu ndi "Dormition" ( "Tsar Bell") ndi kulemera matani 65, amene anaponyedwa mu 1819 ndi ambuye Zavyalov ndi Rusinov ku zinthu zakale. Belu wachiwiri kukula ndi "Howler", masekeli matani 32, kulengedwa ndi Anton Chekhov m'chaka cha 1622. Iwo amagwirizana ndi yanthaŵi wina zoopsa, pamene mu 1855, belu kukhazikitsidwa anathyola ndipo, zouluka 5 apansi, iye anagwa pansi, kupha munthu kuposa wina. Belu wachitatu wofunika kwambiri ndi "Sunday" ( "Semisotenny") yolemera matani 13. Izo analengedwa mu 1704, ndipo I. Motorin ili pa Filaret alumikiza.

Bell nsanja 18 lili mabelu onse. Pa pansi pali 6 a pakati amene ali wamkulu, pafupifupi - 9. sitimayo chapamwamba lili 3 mabelu, mbiri ya amene sakudziwika.

belu nsanja owonetsera zakale

Pa mlingo woyamba wa Akukwera Belfry ndi kowonera zakale holo kumene ntchito ya luso.

Belu nsanja ya boma la Russia History Museum ili mu Moscow, amene amasonyeza zitsanzo za nyumba zakalekale woyera mwala wa XIV atumwi, amasonyeza panorama wa Moscow ndi zinthu zina pachiyambi. belu nsanja ya makomawo chokongoletsedwa ndi zolosera misewu yosiyanasiyana. The kuonerera sitimayo amapereka maganizo lalikulu la boma la Russia ndi madera ozungulira. Alendo pali wapadera Audio kalozera, zomwe zimathandiza kuti alendo ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana kuphunzira mabuku a mbiri yakale wa chipilala ili a zomangamanga, monga Ivan Wamkulu Bell, kufotokoza ndi mfundo zochititsa chidwi.

The chipilala a zomangamanga mu masiku athu

Lero, Ivan Wamkulu Bell - ndi m'nyumbayi panopa, amene alandira zikwi la alendo padziko lonse tsiku lililonse. M'nyumbayi amasonyeza luso zinthu zakale. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamakono n'zotheka recreate maonekedwe osati kupulumuka kwa nthawi yathu zipilala.

Mu kukhalapo kwa Soviet Union, belu nsanja zinali kutsekedwa kwa alendo. Kachiwiri mu mabelu kachisi Belo mu 1992, tsiku la Woyera Isitala. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, misonkhano ya mpingo yonse mu boma la Russia aang'ono imachitika pansi chimes lapansi.

Ivan Wamkulu Bell mu boma la Russia - chipilala wapatali a zomangamanga lomwe lili ndi mbiri olemera ndi chidwi. Aliyense amene anabwera kwa Moscow, akhoza amasangalala kuona dongosolo limeneli.