Funso kuchokera chidwi: zaka zambiri, Snow Buthu?

Tsopano pafupifupi sukulu ya mkaka ana azungulila mtengo Christmas, ndiye ndi Santa Claus ndi mdzukulu wake wokondeka, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi ndodo matsenga ndiponso amasangalatsa Ana, "Herringbone, kuwala!" - mu anzeru fluffy mtengo anayatsa nyali ndi.

Mbali mbiri vuto

Kumene, funso zaka zingati pa Chipale Buthu, adadi zambiri chidwi (ndikungocheza), koma ngati mulankhula vuto la sayansi mudabzala, choyamba kumvetsa, pamene Russian Ufumu, panali amachita chikondwererochi Chaka Chatsopano ntchito makhalidwe bwino kuti kuyambira tili ana.

Ndipotu, kuchita izi makamaka sikuti nthawi zonse zinakhalapo ndipo si mbadwa Russian: mu M'madera a zitunda awa zambiri atalemekeza mitengo ina - birch, linden, thundu. Mtengo wa Khirisimasi akhala anakongoletsa Germany - nawo miyambo ndi "anagwidwa" ku East, zomwe sizodabwitsa kuti: Romanov mafumu kwambiri nawo magazi German. Makamaka likulu mtengo Khirisimasi anakonza Mfumukazi Maria Fedorovna, ndipo izo zinachitika mu 1817.

Motero, mafunso zaka zimene Snow Buthu, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti (Mulimonsemo, ndi khalidwe Chaka Chatsopano) ayenera kukhala palibe oposa mazana awiri. Fashion analowa Mfumukazi, ambiri padziko 1830: chiyambi cha mitengo Khirisimasi anapereka anthu olemera okha, ndiye - ndalama pafupifupi.

Mpingo, ndi chikhalidwe chake ndiwofatsa, ndi "German akusasatitsa" nkhondo. The Synod Woyera analetsa ngakhale kuti angakonze holide mu masukulu Komabe, kupambana si akwaniritsa: Mtengo wa Khirisimasi ankakonda anthu achikulire ndi ana, ndi chifukwa cha harmlessness ake, kulimba kwa Abambo anayang'ana azidana kwambiri.

Ded Moroz - ndi naturalized mlendo, ndi Chipale Buthu - mbadwa Russian

Patapita nthawi panali Santa Claus. chithunzi ichi kumayambitsa, pa dzanja limodzi, ndi chithunzi cha St. Nicholas, otchuka mu West, ndi pa dzanja ena - pa Russian folklore khalidwe amene poyamba pa Granddaddy wabwino alibe kuyang'ana ngati: A nthano za Jack Frost, kwambiri kulanga anthu aulesi, tonse kumbukirani. Agogo Frost Red Mphuno ku ntchito Nekrasov nawonso sanali chabwinobwino: basi lero mu sukulu kuphunzira kwambiri abridged Baibulo.

mwanjira ina, koma khalidwe nthano mu malaya ubweya ndi ndodo yake komanso zikuoneka kuti "osati athu kwathunthu." Koma Buthu - yekha Russian mtsikana. Analogues kulikonse mu dziko kulibe.

chithunzi ichi koyamba pa folklore, kotero funso wa zaka zingati pa Chipale Buthu chimodzimodzi, palibe amene adzayankha. Folk nthano ali kuti asabereke ana angapo, akhungu chidole cha chisanu anayamba kuona chozizwitsa Msungwana moyo. Makolo anasangalala anaganiza mwana ankaphunzira ofunda, kuti inatha mwachisoni kwambiri.

Kamtsikana mu luso

Potengera nkhani zoterezi, Ostrovsky analemba kusewera mu 1873, malinga ndi kutanthauzira zaka Snow Buthu ngati nthano inali mtsikana palibe zaka zoposa 12-13, mu sewerolo tikulankhula mtsikana amene chimasungunula osati pa dzuwa monga kwa chikondi.

The staging choyamba ntchito, ziyenera anati, alephera momvetsa chisoni. Anthu anachita mavuto wa chisanu buthulo monyodola, Wolemba wina zinkagwera pa snickers ndi epigrams. More n'zosadabwitsa kuti pamene Rimsky-Korsakov za zisudzo za dzina lomweli analengedwa ndi nkhani yomweyo, anthu omwewo ankasamba mu ulemerero wa iwo - ndi kwenikweni ali zaka 9 pokhapokha kuchoka wa sewerolo! Ndithudi, omvera - kukhala mphepo ndi zimasintha.

Tsopano funso zaka zingati pa Chipale Buthu, anathana payekha aliyense tchuthi. magulu zaana kupereka mdzukulu wa Santa Claus "wake." The cutest ndi / kapena mtsikana ndawala amakonda kusewera udindo wa Snow Buthu. Ngati khalidwe chofunika monga njira ya lowoneka Santa, zokonda zapatsidwa kwa dona akulu: pambuyo pa zonse, pamodzi ndi ana kwambiri mosavuta kusamalira kuposa nokha.

Bwererani holide anthu

Pali umboni kuti m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa Buthu kale: zidole mawonekedwe a atsikana chisanu chokongoletsedwa mitengo Khirisimasi m'makomo ambiri. Koma ngati wothandizira ndi msuweni wa Santa Claus chithunzi icho chakhazikika pambuyo ulimi wa chaka 17.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti poyamba ngakhale mwambo wa zokongoletsa mtengo Christmas, ziribe kanthu momwe zaka zambiri, Snow Buthu, palibe agogo zovala maphwando a otsatira lalikulu Lenin sizinali chidwi: anaganiza kuti "zaka ulamuliro" miyambo ya anthu Soviet chirichonse. Anthu Communist mwakhama adzathetsedwa zonse wakhala ndi ya Khirisimasi. Only mu 1935, utsogoleri chipani anaganiza kuti zoipa anayenera kubwerera kwa anthu anzawo ena chimwemwe cha moyo, ndipo timawerenga kuti udzakhazikitsidwanso mtengo ndi kachigawo kamodzi chabe cholembera (pambuyo buku la "Choonadi" wa nkhani zogwirizana, yolembedwa ndi mamembala a Politburo mwambo mmbuyo mu masiku ochepa).

Mu 1937, pokondwerera chachikulu Chaka Chatsopano unachitikira pa Nyumba ya Soviet Union - choyamba anaonekera ndi Santa Claus ndi "chisanu mtsikana": funso zaka zimene Snow Buthu, linathera mokomera "Achikulire". Izo zinali kokha mu 40s izo ofanana udindo boma anapatsidwa: azitsulo zitsanzo muyezo holide chaka chatsopano kulemba icho chiri - ndi mdzukulu wa Santa Claus.

Lero, kulimbana ufulu ankaona malo amene atsikana lowoneka anapambana Kostroma, zomwe amapezera mwayi chifanizo cha Buthu ndi bwino kuti anthu amawakonda. Mu malo awa, Ostrovsky analemba sewero lake, anajambula pafupi ndi filimu chomwecho. Kenako chilengedwe anasamukira ku Kostroma bungwe paki "Berendeevo ufumu" apa. Apa mu Nyumbayi wokongola pa magombe a Volga, ndipo amakhala Buthu wosangalatsa, ulendo umene kukaona ndi anthu okonda nthano.

The Hostess wachimwemwe kulandira alendo: achititsa ulendo wa kunyumba, anayambitsanso anzake ndi tiwonana kuwaza matalala "chifukwa sizinatheke." Chakumapeto March - oyambirira April, ndi kuchuluka kwa Kostroma amakondwerera tsiku la kubadwa kwa heroine okondedwa ambiri (ndiko kumene, mwinamwake, ife tikhoza kupeza zaka zingati tsopano Snow Buthu). mwambo inayamba mu 2009, ndipo kuyambira ndiye okha osauka. Mapwando tchuthi chichitike, fairs, mpikisano, zisudzo ed - ochepa masiku mzinda ndi lidzasinthidwa ikulira mng'oma chimwemwe, kuitana anthu ake ndi alendo ofanana kusangalala zinkakhalira holide zamatsenga.