Jacques Louis David kupenta: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Wojambula amene ntchito zake kuonetsa magawo onse a moyo andale a France, ndipo anali wanzeru pagulu chithunzi, kukhala wochitachita mu gulu chosintha. Woyambitsa wa Wachiwiri-chakale kumva kusintha zikuchitika mmadera ndi malangizo kupenta, amene anapereka, apitiriza kukhala mibadwo latsopano aluso.

Mwachidule yonena za Mlengi

Velikiy Zhak Louis David amene zojambula anamuika wotchuka, anabadwa mu Paris mu 1748. Nditakwanitsa zaka 18, analowa Academy of Wabwino Tirhana, kumene wakeyo anali Zhozef Mari Vien - zojambulajambula wotchuka pa nthawi, ndi tsopano chosalungama kuiwalika. Iye umachititsa wachinyamata chikondi cha classicism ndi rococo ndipo amafuna kukwaniritsa "choonadi ndi ukulu" ntchito. David ankaphunzira ntchito za Michelangelo ndi Raphael, iye akufuna kuti akhale mu Italy kuwonjezera luso lawo mu kunayambira Kubadwa Kwatsopano luso. Analandira mphoto wophunzira yabwino ya sukulu, ndi wojambula achinyamata 1775 watumidwa ku dziko ndi chikhalidwe wolemera.

Mu Italy, izo amalankhulira ndi okonda Kale, amene anayambitsa iye katswiri wamkulu atione zojambulajambula, kusirira talente imodzi ya Osema wanzeru ndi amisiri, anazindikira kuti "ndi maso ake ngati mamba agwa." Zhak Lui sayesa kutsanzira ntchito za ambuye wakale, ndi kufunafuna njira: "Ine ndamva mmene ungwiro kanga, ndipo ndine wokonzeka pochitika kwambiri kuyandikira choonadi. Ndikufuna kuyesetsa kuti mlingo wa Raphael. "

Wojambula ndi chosintha

Back mu France, wosuliza view a ntchito yake ya Jacques-Louis Davide, amene zojambula zimabweretsa chiweruzo osokoneza anthu amagwira nawo kayendedwe chosintha. Iwo adjoins ndi ukasintha nako Robespierre ndi Marat, anakuvoterani pa imfa ya Mfumu Louis XVI, ndipo pambuyo Thermidor zokhumba iye amapita kundende chifukwa cha maganizo awo.

Pamene Napoleon anayamba kulamulira, kunachitika kale, amatenga nawo mbali mu moyo ndale ndipo anakhala admirer odzipereka ndi Mfumu, kumuika wojambula woyamba mu France ndi bwalo zojambulajambula. Pambuyo pa chiwonongeko cha Bonaparta Zhak Louis akuthamanga Brussels, pamene iye anafa mu 1825, kusiya 500 ophunzira.

Mawu a maganizo a wolemba

The luso la Mlengi kusanduka pamodzi ndi kalembedwe ake ndi akuti malingaliro zokongoletsa wa mmisiri. Iye anaperekedwa zojambula zake ndi zolinga za Roma ndi Greece, nkhani zake wodzipereka ndi ukoma. Zojambulajambula anasiya zovuta kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino zododometsa muyeso mwa mzimu ndi mankhwala mwatsatanetsatane wowoneka maziko. Ngati kubweretsa siteji ya khalidwe lawo, adawatuma kuwala wotchuka Jacques-Louis Davide.

Pictures, malingaliro amene yaitali ankakonda mlengi, uko mu bata ndi mtendere, kuchokera amangokhala ali pikitipikiti lapansi. mafano onse akale sanali lilibe otchulidwa pa chithunzicho, ndi kusankha nkhani sanamvere mumaganiza fashoni.

The mankhwala, amene anakhala inasintha mbuye

N'zochititsa chidwi kulankhula za zojambula, Mlengiyo umene unali nawo ntchito chosintha, ndipo ntchito zake Tingaone chabe kulungamitsidwa maganizo a zochitika, komanso nsembe imene analipira zigawenga. Kodi ankafuna kuuza amene anaona ndi maso awo kupasula dongosolo lakale, Jacques Lui Davide?

The kupenta "The lumbira kwa Horatii" inatuluka mu 1784 ndi kukhazikitsa mulingo watsopano - ndi classicism chosintha. Anamutengera bwino panayamba wolemba ntchito kuchuluka kwa njira khalidwe la malangizo.

Background wamagazi nkhondo

wojambula akuti umene unachitika nkhondo mbiri zinachitika pakati pa abale Rome ndi Horace Kuriatsiev la Alba Longa - wotaya amadza chifukwa cha mudzi waukulu wa Italica Union.

midzi iwiri anali kumenyera kutsogolera, koma wosamwerana madzi sangathe nthaŵi yaitali. Malinga ndi azambiriyakale, mzinda wopambana anali kuyesetsa pambuyo nkhondo asilikali amphamvu. Pankhondo wamagazi moyobe mmodzi wa abale Horatii, ndi Alba Longa anamvera malangizo onse a Rome. Pamene ine ndinamva za nkhondo mbiri ndinaganiza pochitika pa lingaliro wakutemwa achinyamata, Jacques Lui Davide.

"The lumbira kwa Horatii": malongosoledwe a chithunzi

wolemba likuthandiza mphindi kwambiri pamene atate amadalitsa ana ake kuphana, yakupereka iwo malupanga. abale atatu amene maganizo ndi wopanda kukayikira ndi zotsutsana, kulumbira kuteteza dziko. Iwo adzazindikira kuti akhoza kufa, koma kubwera ku nkhondo, kukhulupirira mwa chilungamo. N'zochititsa chidwi Aroma otsutsa - abwenzi ana awo Komabe, mfundo imeneyi sanaletse Horace akumana nawo. Inde lalikulu la Jacques-Louis Davide, malongosoledwe a zojambula amene amapereka wowerenga kumvetsa zimene zosaneneka talente anali lamanja la amuna olimba mtima akuonetsedwa gulu la chisoni akazi kumvetsa zikukhalira Imfa ya okondedwa.

Amayi otchuka ulemerero mokoma kundikumbatira zidzukulu, atakhala m'bale mlongo - mkwatibwi mmodzi wa albantsev, anaweramitsa mutu wake ndi otsutsa mlongo wake - mkazi wa mmodzi wa Horace. wojambula wasonyeza osati wokonzeka kudzipereka nsembe, komanso anakumana nazo akazi wosimidwa. Ngati abale ndi bambo kumujambula m'nkhaniyi, mayi ndi mlongo - ndi sekondale otchulidwa kuti zonse zikuchokera.

Chapansipansi ndi Jacques Louis David amene zojambula kusonyeza mfundo za Choonadi, anaika arches atatu lolingana magulu a kanjedza abale, akazi, ndi zida ana bambo kupatsirana.

Pa zilembo zazikulu za kuwala imatsogoleredwa kusonyeza kufunika, ndi maziko chithunzithunzi shaded kuti zimalepheretsa chidwi wokonzeka abale nkhondo. Zinthu kusonyeza zimakhudza akazi ndi amuna okhwima kokha kuchita ntchito yawo.

Nsalu, cholimbikitsa mzimu wa munthu

Mzere wa classicism amunamuna anapitiriza ntchito yatsopano ya zojambulajambula, amene anaonekera mu 1787. M'pofunika za chiweruzo chilungamo imfa nzeru zapamwamba tisanasankhe ponena za kupenta "Imfa ya Socrates". Jacques-Louis Davide anakhala chidwi tsogolo la ngwazi Greek, ataledzera ululu wa zikuchokera osadziwika. Nazhivshy adani nzeru zapamwamba, anasankha kuvomereza tsoka, anali ndi udindo "mwano wa milungu."

Pa nsalu ya, Socrates akulankhula ophunzira kutsanzikana ake. dzanja limodzi limaukitsidwa ndi zina kufikira kwa chotengera ndi ululu, koma musaukhudze. Ndipo kuchita zimenezi imatengedwa makiyi, iye amapereka kuganiza za nthawi alimira limati kufa kwa mzimu anthu, monga mphunzitsi, adatengedwa ndi mawu ake, kuiwala kuti sadzamwalira pang'ono kwambiri.

The chofunika zochitika amapereka otchulidwa, kayendedwe ndiponso anthu kuwerenga ukulu wapadera, komanso malo awo pamodzi ndege kutsogolo zojambula odzitukumula otchedwa mwapang'ono. Madzulo a ulimi, Jacques Lui David amene zojambula kumupangitsa wina kuganiza za wosatha, kuyesetsa kulimbitsa mzimu wa Mwachitsanzo French wa sichisinthasinthanso zosaneneka za Socrates, kuvomereza imfa.

Kwatsopano - kalembedwe latsopano

Chithunzicho utoto osati zojambula pa nkhani za mbiri yakale, analenga chiwerengero chachikulu cha zithunzi kuti zimasungidwa mu zakale zosiyanasiyana. Woyambitsa wa malangizo atsopano pa luso luso lapadera anaperekedwa ophunzira ake Komabe, ambiri kalembedwe neoclassical mofulumira kwambiri kunja mafashoni. Atagwa Napoleon, iye kwambiri mofanana ndi zochitika wamagazi m'mbiri ya France. Izo zinali m'malo mwa lililonse limatisokoneza, zikukhutiritsa zokonda za boma latsopano, kalembedwe wophunzira David - Jean Auguste Ingres.

M'nkhaniyi, ife anayang'ana pa mbiri ndi zojambula waukulu Zhaka Lui David (ndi maudindo kwa alitcha namatetule palibe vuto - iwo bwino kupereka akamanena za aliyense ntchito). Limodzi likhoza amasirira talente wapadera namatetule, msonkhano umene unakhala mchikuta chenicheni cha French luso.