Vinogradovo, nyumba - malo ozungulira mbiri ya Russia

Manor Vinogradovo (chithunzi chomwe chili m'nkhaniyi chikuyimira maofesiwa) ndi chimodzi mwa malo akale kwambiri ku Moscow. Mawebusaiti ena pa intaneti, amaikidwa ngati osungidwa mpaka lero. Anthu ambiri amapita ku Vinogradovo kuti akakhudze mbiri yakale, kuti azisangalala ndi Long Pond yakale, kuti ayende pamsewu womwe umayenda kudera lonse la malo. Koma kodi n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito tanthauzo la "kusungidwa" motsutsana ndi Vinogradovo? The farmstead (akatswiri ndemanga kumenyana ndi alamu) alidi mu mkhalidwe wowawa. Tsogolo la malowa ndi okonda kale lomwelo linalosera zowawa kwambiri kuposa zam'tsogolo, ngati siziyamba kubwezeretsa posachedwa. Koma okonda alibe chiyembekezo chochepa pa izi.

Wogona m'nyumba ku Dolgoprudny

Malo amodzi okongola kwambiri ndi malo a Vinogradovo ku Dolgoprudny. Zithunzi zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi zimakulolani kuyamikira nyumba zomwe zikukhalapo. Kukongola ndi zosiyana ndi zomangamanga za nyumba zopanda chidwizi, komanso malo okongola omwe amamangapo, amachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azikonda zachikondi. Malo a Vinogradovo ku Dolgoprudnyi amakopanso ojambula filimu. Nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi, kuwombera kumachitika apa. Vinogradovo ndi malo okhala ndi mbiri yakale komanso yosangalatsa, yoyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndi kuphunzira.

Chiwonetsero: za eni

Pafupifupi zaka 400 Malo a Vinogradovo amabisa zinsinsi zake. Amene sanangopita ku makoma akale awa. Chidziwitso choyamba chokhudza nyumbayi chinabweranso ku 1623. Vinogradovo - malo olemekezeka, omwe eni ake a zaka 17-18 anali oimira banja la Pushkin, ndiye chumacho chinapita ku banja la Benckendorffs. Mwini womaliza wa nyumbayo anali Emma Banza. Ku Vinogradovo ankakonda kukachezera miyambo yodziwika bwino ya Chidziwitso - Gabriel Derzhavin, Ivan Krylov, Nikolai Karamzin.

Pushkin

Vinogradovo ndi malo omwe poyamba anali a Pushkin. Malo omwe Pushkin anali nawo anali ndi zaka zana, kuyambira 1623 mpaka 1729. Mwini woyamba wa nyumbayo anali Gavriil Pushkin, wolemekezeka, wonyenga wamkulu komanso mmodzi wa anthu otsimikiza a False Dmitry I. Bambo wa ndakatuloyo anali wandale wonyenga amene angasunthire kumbali ya mdaniyo. Mndandanda wa chiwonetsero cha sewero "Boris Godunov" uli ndi mawu a Alexander Pushkin, momwe amavomerezera kuti mmodzi mwa omwe akukonza chiwembu pantchito yake akuyimira mmodzi wa iwo.

Pambuyo imfa ya mwini woyamba, malo a Vinogradovo ku Dolgoprudny adadutsa kwa oloŵa nyumba. Pambuyo pake, mmodzi wa iwo adzapachikidwa, ndipo wina adzatumizidwa ku Siberia kuti akalowe nawo mumtsinje wa streltsi. Ana a Gabriel Pushkin - Grigory ndi Stepan - anamangidwa ku Vinogradovo, tchalitchi choyamba cha matabwa cha Vladimir chizindikiro cha Amayi a Mulungu. Nyumbayo inakhala mudzi.

Kwa zaka 50 zotsatira, mwiniwakeyo anali Matvey Pushkin. Mu 1696 mpingo wa Vladimir unamangidwanso pamwala. Koma, mosasamala kanthu za kupambana mu utumiki, mapeto a moyo wa Matvey Pushkin nayenso anali okhumudwitsa. Chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi kutumiza anyamata achichepere kukaphunzira kudziko lina, iye adatengedwa ukapolo. Ndipo mwana wake Fyodor Peter I anaphedwa ngati mmodzi wa kupanduka kwa Streltsy. AS Pushkin adanena za zochitikazi m'mabanja ake.

Yakov atamwalira, m'bale wake wa Matvey Pushkin, chuma chawo chinayamba kukhala ndi achibale awo akutali - Peter ndi Ivan Pushkin. Kuyambira nthawi ya Pushkin mu malo okhawo maziko okha ndi Long Ponds, omwe adapatsa dzina ku madera a Moscow ndi misewu ina ya likulu, adasungidwa.

Vyazemsky

M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, malowa anali a Prince Vasily Dolgorukov. Mu 1729 malondawa anabwezeretsedwa kwa iwo. Mfumukazi Maria Vyazemskaya anakhala mwini watsopano. Anali ndi iye, monga momwe olemba mbiri amanenera, ndipo maluwawo adayamba.

Glebovs

Wotsatira mwiniwake wa nyumbayo anali Prosecutor General Alexander Glebov. Pamene iye anali mu malo, nyumba yatsopano mu kachitidwe ka classic, paki pamphepete mwa dziwe, ndipo tchalitchi chinamangidwanso.

Glebov ananyalanyaza kwambiri nyumbayo. Ndi dzanja lake lamanja pakati pa zaka mazana asanu, panaoneka gulu la zomangamanga, logawidwa ndi dziwe ndi Dmitrievskaya msewu. Kumtunda wa kumanzere, osati kutali ndi tchalitchi, ndi nyumba imodzi yamatabwa yomangira nyumba, munda wamaluwa unasweka. Ku tsidya lina tchalitchi cha Vladimir chinamangidwa, chomwe chiri ndi mawonekedwe achilendo osadabwitsa. Palibe amene amadziwa dzina la womangamanga. Malinga ndi zabodza, wolemba ntchitoyo anali Kazakov kapena Bazhenov. Pafupi ndi tchalitchi tinamangidwa bell, nsanja ndi almshouse kwa okalamba, kupanga phwando limodzi limodzi ndi kachisi.

Literary malo Moscow dera. Benckendorff

Pambuyo pake Glebov Vinogradov anayamba kukhala ndi EI Benckendorff. Vinogradovo ndi nyumba yapamwamba yomwe inkayendera mosavuta ndi olemba otchuka a nthawiyo: Kheraskov, Annenkov, Nikolai Karamzin, Gabriel Derzhavin, Venevitinov. Ndiponso Tatishchev, Vyazemsky, Ivan Krylov. The fabulist anakhalapo chaka chonse ndi odzipereka Sophia, mwana wamkazi wa master, fable "The Picky Mkwatibwi" ndi "The Oak ndi Njira." Koma nyumba yake yosungirako zinthu zakale inamwalira ali wamng'ono (anaikidwa pafupi ndi mpingo wa Vladimir).

Kuwonjezera pa nyumba ndi zomangamanga ku Vinogradovo, panali nyumba zonse zofunikira pa famu: malo odyera, nyumba zosungiramo zitsamba, nkhokwe, nyumba yamatabwa, nyumba zowonongeka, etc. Mu 1812, pa nkhondo ndi Napoleon, kumalo amodzi kwa milungu iwiri amaimira azimayi a ku France Vinogradovo Anagwidwa kwambiri. Malingana ndi mkulu wa akim Pavlov, mwiniwake, kachisi, nyumba ya anthu, munda, famu yonseyo inavutitsidwa. Atabwerera kwawo, Benkendorfs adayika malowa, kenako adakhala kuno kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Banjali linafa pafupifupi nthawi imodzi, ndi kusiyana kwa miyezi ingapo. Amaikidwa m'manda pafupi ndi manda a mwana wawo wamkazi.

Ndipo wolowa nyumbayo anali mwana wawo - AI Benckendorff. Anthu a m'banja lake ankakonda kupuma m'nyengo yachilimwe pa manor. Iwo ngakhale atulutsa magazini awo omwe pano. Pamene ana adakula, malowa analibe kanthu. Pambuyo imfa ya mwiniwakeyo, anaigulitsa kwa amalonda Buchumov.

Buchumovs

Mgulitsa Mikhail Buchumov adatenga malo kumapeto kwa zaka za XIX. Anayambitsa ntchito yomanga dachas pano. Mbali imodzi ya dzikolo inagulitsidwa kwa anthu osauka. Panthawi yolembetsa msonkhanowo, eni eniwo sanatchule zomwe zidzachitike pa katunduyo. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti akugulitsa malo enieni okha. Chifukwa chake, katundu wamalondayo anali zithunzi za makolo, zikalata, zinthu zapakhomo ndi zinthu zina zamtengo wapatali zomwe sizinali zosangalatsa kwa mwini watsopano ndipo posakhalitsa zinatha.

Dachas anawonekera pamphepete mwa nyanja. Buchumov, pa zinthu zovuta kwambiri, kubwereka kwa anthu akulima ndi nkhalango. Chifukwa cha umbombo wake, adawalipira mu 1905: nyumbayi inatenthedwa, kuchokera ku nyumbayo kunali tchalitchi komanso ziboliboli zokha.

Banza ndi Herman ndi eni otsiriza

Asanayambe kusintha, mu 1911, mwini womaliza wa nyumbayo anali mwini nyumba, wachibadwidwe, wachikazi wa E. M. Banza. Iye adalamula kuwonongedwa kwa dacha. Pamodzi ndi iye, nyumba yamatabwa ya neo-classic inakulira pano. M'nyumbamo, zowoneka ngati khonde la nkhonde la khonde lakumaso, malo osungirako miyala ndi masitepe ku paki. Nyumbayi imadziwika kuti nyumba ya Banza.

Anali mbuye womalizira wa nyumba yomwe idabwezeretsedwa, kumanganso kwakukulu kunayesedwa mu chikhalidwe cha eclecticism ndi neoclassicism. M'minda yamaluwa ya maluwa inathyoledwa, kasupe anamangidwa. Zopindulitsa kwambiri za malowa zimadalitsidwa ndi kukula kwa chuma, zomwe zimaphatikizapo, pamodzi ndi nyumba zatsopano, mahatchi ndi zinyama zamphongo, komanso chipinda cha cinema m'malo 40 ogwira ntchito. Kuwonjezera apo, mu nyumbayi munali nyumba ya nyumba ya alonda, zipata zolowera ndi mlatho, zinyumba zambiri.

Nyumba yomanga nyumba ya Banza inamangidwa mu 1911, ndi nyumba ya mpongozi wake Herman - mu 1912. Mlembi wa polojekiti ya nyumba ya Rudolf Herman Vasilyevich, mpongozi wake wa mwiniwake, anali mkonzi wotchedwa IV Rylsky. Nyumbayi ndi chitsanzo chodziwikiratu. Mphepete mwazitaliyo inkagwirizanitsa nyumba yamatabwa iwiri yokhala ndi phiko la khitchini, nsanja ya belvedere inakongoletsedwa ndi kutsanzira ola, mivi yomwe nthawizonse inkawonetsera 11:51.

Kupyolera mu zovuta za nkhondo ndi kusintha

Pa Nkhondo Yoyamba Padziko Lonse, Herman mu malowa adakhazikitsidwa kuchipatala kwa odwala ndi odwala. Kunyumba ya nyumba kwa anthu osauka ndi oweta anaikonza zikondwerero za Khirisimasi. Amphawi awo ankakonda kwambiri eni nyumba. Panthawi ya chisokonezo cha 1917, iwo anapulumutsidwa nyumba zawo kuchokera ku chiwonongeko ndi ogwira ntchito-otsutsa ochokera kumudzi wa Khlebnikovo. Usiku eni eni ake anathawa kunja.

Ananena kuti atachoka, mwini nyumbayo anaponya mphete yamtengo wapatali ndi ruby mu dziwe lakumidzi. Pa ntchito yoyeretsa mu 1950s dziwe linathiridwa. Anthu am'deralo amayesa kupeza mphete, koma sanaipeze.

Nationalization

Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa dzikoli, dziko la nationalization linatembenuza Vinogradovo kukhala famu ya boma "Madzi aatali." M'nyumba ya mbuyeyo, malo osungirako ana aang'ono anali okonzedwa. Kwa kanthawi kunali malo a zosangalatsa a dera la ogwira ntchito pamsewu.

Mbiri Yamakono

Panthaŵi ya Nkhondo Yaikulu Yopembedza Patchalitchi ku Vinogradovo linali likulu la amitundu. Mu 1959, sanatorium ya ana a m'derali, mtima, anatsegulidwanso apa.

Lero

Anawo adapatsidwa malo m'nyumba ya Banza. Ambiri a nyumba ya Herman lero alibe kanthu ndipo amawonongedwa mosasamala. Makomo ndi mawindo akukwera, denga likuyenda. Pamwamba pa nyumbayo ndi chikhomo chophiphiritsira: "Chiwonetsero cha zomangamanga. Ikutetezedwa ndi boma ".

Zotsala zotani?

Pa gawo la manor the Church of Our Lady wa Vladimir anasungidwa, chapelino ndi mabelu omwe anamangidwa mu zaka za zana la 18, almshouse. Anasungiranso nyumba za kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chinayi - nyumba ya Dutch yomwe ili pamphepete mwa nyanja ndi chapente.

Kuchokera mkatikati mwa nyumba kufikira lero lino, malo okwera mapulaneti, masitepe akuluakulu, miyala yamtali, zitseko zapamwamba, zitseko zamkati ndi zitsulo zamkati mumalowa. Makoma akuwonongeka molakwika ndi mapulasitiki amakono.

Vinogradovo, nyumba: maulendo

Nyumbayi ili ndi mbiri yakale komanso yomangamanga: nyumba yochititsa chidwi yopangidwa ndi neoampir, tchalitchi cha Vladimir chokhala ndi belu, nyumba yokhala ndi nsanjika ziwiri yokhala ndi matabwa yokhala ndi galasi yopita ku khitchini yokometsetsa, zidutswa za kutentha kutentha ndi dera lalitali, necropolis yakale, ndi zina zotero. Malo. Pano pali zinthu zakale zojambula, zolembera, mabuku omwe ali ndi buku la Pushkin. Pa gawo la malowa pali dziwe lokongola ndi paki yakale.

Popeza pakalipano pali malo osungirako ana mu malo, malowa sapezeka. Kamodzi pa nthawi, ana amathandizidwa ndi kuphunzira panthawi yomweyo. Koma popeza palibe amene wakhala akukonzekera nyumba kwa nthawi yayitali, awonongeka kwambiri moti chipinda choyang'anira nyumbacho chaleka kugwira ntchito. Komabe, iwo akufuna kuti abwere kuno paulendo amapatsidwa yankho lolakwika.

Kodi mungapite bwanji ku gawoli?

Ngakhale kuti lamuloli linali loletsedwa, okonda kuyenda pakati pa chikhalidwe chokongola ndi chodzaza ndi mzimu wa m'deralo amakopabe ndi malo akale a Vinogradovo. Kodi n'zotheka kulowa gawo? Magaziniyi ili pa intaneti yofunikira kwambiri.

Sitima ya Dolgoprudnaya ili pafupi ndi theka la ola limodzi kuchokera ku Moscow. Kuchokera kumalo okwerera njanji kufika ku malo omwe ali ndi makilomita awiri. N'zotheka kuyenda kumalo. Amene akukonzekera kupita kuno kuti ayende, olemba mapulaniwa amalangiza: mukhoza kufika ku malowa kudzera m'mabowo apadera mu mpanda.

Adilesi

Pa intaneti mungapeze funso: Malo a Vinogradovo ali kuti, mungapezeke bwanji kwa iwo omwe akufuna? Ogwiritsa ntchito akusangalala kugawana malangizowo. Chifukwa cha iwo, malo a Vinogradovo amapezeka. Adilesi ya malo ake: Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Dmitrovskoye Highway 167.

Ndingatani kuti ndifike kuno poyendetsa galimoto?

Kotero, malo a Vinogradovo ali kuti, momwe mungabwere kuno?

• Kuchokera ku Art. Metro ya "Altufevo" nambala 685 kapena 273 imatha kufika pambali. Vinogradovo.
• N'zotheka kuchokera ku luso. Metro "Petrovsko-Razumovskaya" kuti afikitse malo ndi basi nambala 763.
• Tengerani sitima kupita ku sitima yapamtunda Dolgoprudnaya (Savelovskoe malangizo), ndiye yendani pafupi 2 km.

Njira

Mabasi oyendetsa sitima / mabasi othamanga pakati pa Moscow ndi Dolgoprudny:

• Kuchokera ku Art. Metro "Altufevo" (mzere Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya) - No. 456.
• "River Station" (mzere wa Zamoskvoretskaya) - No. 368.
• "Planernaya" (Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya mzere) - No. 472.

Ndi galimoto

Anthu amene akufuna kudziwa komwe malo a Vinogradovo ali ku Dolgoprudny, momwe angabwere kuno, njira ina imaperekedwa. Ngati mutayendetsa galimoto pamsewu waukulu wa Dmitrovskoye, ndiye pafupi ndi 1 km kuchokera ku MKAD (msewu wa Businovo-Khovrino) muyenera kutembenuzidwa kumanzere. Pambuyo pa sitima yodutsa pamsewu pali malo apolisi apamsewu. Apa ndikofunikira kupita ku Likhachsky Proyezd.

Vinogradovo, nyumba: ndemanga za alendo

Anthu amene abwera kuno, amavomereza umboni umodzi: Vinogradovo akhala akumbukira kwa nthawi yaitali, apa mukulota mukulakalaka kubwerera. Malo okongola a malo ano, komanso zokongoletsera zokongola za mabwinja ndi zomwe zatsala, olemba a ndemanga anadabwa kwambiri. Vinogradovo amatchedwa malo okongola kwambiri, ali pamalo okongola pamphepete mwa nyanja yokongola. Koma apa pali chododometsa: sichiri chovomerezeka kwa abwenzi zosangalatsa.

Khalani chete, mukudandaula ...

Kusokonezeka kwa ndemanga za manor ndi kuwonongeka kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka. Vinogradovo, malinga ndi okaona malo, zikuoneka kuti sizingatheke. Mwinamwake, nyumbayi idzakhala posachedwa.

Olemba a ndemanga akunena kuti kuwonedwa kwa chipasuko chowoneka ndi chowawa kwambiri. Winawake amachititsa zimenezi pamene zolemba zakale za ku Russia zikuwonongedwa, zoopsa.

Kutsiliza

Pakalipano, malo osanjikizana a nyumba zamatabwa ndi a dacha nyumba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazo akutha msanga.

Pafupi ndi chiwonongeko muli nyumba zambiri zamtengo wapatali ku Vinogradovo. Pali zifukwa zomveka zokhulupirira kuti zaka zingapo kuchokera ku chikhalidwe cha zaka mazana ambiri, mbadwazo zidzakhala ndi zithunzi zokhazokha pa malo ena apadera. Ndikufuna kwambiri kuti izi zikuchitikabe.