Chigoba cha Earth

Earth - dziko limodzi lokha mu dongosolo lathu dzuwa kumene moyo zinachokera. M'mbali zambiri izi analimbikitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa zipolopolo zake zisanu ndi chimodzi: mlengalenga, hydrosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, ndi pyrosphere tsentrosfery. Onse cholukanalukana mogwirizana, amene afotokozedwa mu nzeru mphamvu ndi vuto. M'nkhaniyi tiona dongosolo, chikhalidwe chawo chachikulu ndi katundu.

chipolopolo kunja lapansi - ndi mpweya hydrosphere, lithosphere.

Envelopu gaseous a Dziko Lapansi - m'mlengalenga, pansi pa izo malire ndi hydrosphere ndi lithosphere, ndipo amawachitira 1,000 Km. Mmenemo ndi zigawo zitatu: ndi troposphere, yomwe ikuyenda; pambuyo ndi stratosphere; otsatidwa ndi - ionosphere (chapamwamba wosanjikiza).

Kutalika kwa troposphere - 10 Km, ndi kulemera - 75% mwa unyinji wa mlengalenga. Zimachitika mpweya kusuntha yopingasa kapena ofukula unsembe. Pamwambapa ndi stratosphere chimene chimafika 80 kuchokera kumtunda. Ndipamene ulusi, akusuntha mu njira yopingasa. Pa stratosphere amakhala ionosphere, amene ionizes mpweya nthawi zonse.

hydrosphere Kukula - Earth amadzimadzi chipolopolo ndi 71% padziko lathuli. Wapakati amenewa madzi - 35 g / L. Oceanic pamwamba ali osalimba ndi pafupifupi 1 ndi kutentha 3-32 ° C. The kuwala kwa dzuwa amatha kulowa palibe chozama kupitirira mamita mazana awiri ndi dzuwa - 800 m.

Mbali malo a zamoyo - ndi biosphere, izo merges ndi hydrosphere, m'mlengalenga ndi lithosphere. M'mphepete chapamwamba biosphere limatuluka kuti chapamwamba mipira troposphere ndi kutsikira umalandira pansi pa matendawa, m'nyanja. Zimalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa nyama (opitirira mamiliyoni nyama) ndi dera la zomera (zoposa 500 ths. Mitundu).

The makulidwe a lithosphere - mwala lapansi m'chimake zingasiyane 35 100 Km. Pamafunikanso m'maiko onse, zilumba ndi pansi pa madzi. M'munsimu pyrosphere pansi, omwe ndi chipolopolo amoto lathuli. Iwo anati kuwonjezeka kutentha ndi pafupifupi 1 ° C iliyonse mamita 33 kwambiri. Mwina pa akuya kwambiri mchikakamizo cha mavuto ochulukaŵa ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi miyala osungunula ndiwo mu mkhalidwe pafupi madzi.

Malo chipolopolo chachikulu cha Lapansi - pachimake - 1800 Km mwakuya. Asayansi ambiri wochirikiza chiphunzitsochi kuti wapangidwa ndi faifi tambala ndi chitsulo. Iwo zigawo kutentha kwa madigiri zikwi zingapo Celsius, ndi kuthamanga - 3000000 atmospheres. nyukiliya pamene kwambiri kuphunzira, koma ife tikudziwa kuti akupitiriza kuziziritsa.

Geosphere chigoba cha Lapansi ndi zikusintha: moto - unakhuthala ndi zovuta - thickens. Zimenezi nthawi imodzi chikwiyire maonekedwe a mwala olimba midadada - m'maiko. Ndipo mu nthawi yathu yamoto dera la chikoka sasiya pa moyo pa dziko. mmene iye ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Zikusintha contours a m'maiko, nyengo, nyanja, mpweya zikuchokera.

Amkati ndi exogenous njira bwanji kusintha apitirize pamwamba olimba wa dziko lapansi zimene amachita pa biosphere lapansi.

Onse chipolopolo kunja kwa Dziko ndi ofanana - mkulu sayenda, chifukwa cha zomwe kusintha pang'ono mu lirilonse la awa yomweyo kuwonjezera lonse misa. Nchifukwa chake pa homogeneity wachibale wa zikuchokera zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kuti masinthidwe zikuluzikulu pa chitukuko miyala. Mwachitsanzo, mu mlengalenga, monga asayansi ambiri, poyamba panalibe mpweya free, koma zimalimbikitsa ndi mpweya. Kenako, chifukwa cha zomera, izo ankalankhula zikuchitika. Mofananamo, kuwasintha ndi amadzimadzi chipolopolo zikuchokera wa dziko lapansi zimene kutsimikizira poyerekeza zizindikiro mchere zikuchokera anatseka ndipo madzi nyanja. Monga anasintha lonse organic, komabe kusintha kumachitika.